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What four organisms is the hippurate used to ID? - 🧠 ANSWER
✔✔Campylobacter jejuni, Listeria monocytogenes, Gardnerella vaginalis
and Streptococcus agalactiae.
Kernicterus is associated with - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Severe cases of jaundice.
Phototherapy cannot reverse the red cell destruction of - 🧠 ANSWER
✔✔anemia and edema in the newborn
The D-dimer is useful in detecting activity in which aspect of hemostasis? -
🧠 ANSWER ✔✔The D-dimer is a measure of fibrinolysis, or the breakdown
of clots. The D-dimer is a specific fragment of the degradation of a fibrin
clot.
,Primary hemostasis - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Refers to role of platelets in
hemostasis. Platelet studies are helpful in assessing disorders of primary
hemostasis.
Secondary hemostasis - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Refers to the role of clotting
factors to form fibrin clots. The PT and APTT are the most common
screening tests used to assess secondary hemostasis.
How many doses are requires to obtain a steady-state oscillation allowing
for a peak and trough levels to be evaluated? - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔About 5-7
doses. After the first dose, absorption and distribution occur, followed only
by elimination. Before the concentration of drug drops significantly, the
second dose is given and the peak of the second dose is additive to what
remains of the first doses. The third through the seventh scheduled doses
all have the same effect, increasing the serum concentration and the
amount eliminated. By the end of the seventh dose, the amount of the drug
administered is equal to the amount eliminated during the dosage period.
At this point, steady state is established and peak and trough
concentrations can be evaluated.
,What is the best component to treat a patient with fibrinogen deficiency? - 🧠
ANSWER ✔✔Cyroprecipitated AHF(antihaemophillic factor) is the only
product that contains a concentrated amount of fibrinogen. Cyroprecipate
contains a minimum of 150mg of gibrinogen in each unit. It is primarily used
for fibrinogen replacement in patients diagnosed with a congenital
fibrinogen deficiency.
In a standard electrophoretic separatin, what zone appears first (anodal
end) on the densitometric pattern? - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Albumin.
-Followed by a1-globulins, a2-globulins, B-globulins and gamma-globulins.
CD34 - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Used for the quantification of hematopoietic
progenitor cells
(HPC) after an APC-apheresis collection. HPC's are CD34+ and after an
HPC-apheresis collection, the number of CD34+ cells are quantified to
ensure that there are sufficient cells for successful engraftment.
Cluster of Differentiation (CD) - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔-A surface marker that
identifies a particular differentiation lineage recognized by a group of
monoclonal antibodies.
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, CD antigens - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Molecules originally defined as being present
on the cell surface of leukocytes and recognized by specific antibody
molecules, but now including some intracellular molecules and molecules
present on cells other than leukocytes.
Leucine Crystals appear as - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Oily, highly refractile yellow to
brown spheroids with radial concentric laminations. They are found in acid
urine in patients with maple syrup urine disease.
Cholesterol crystals appear - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔In acidic urine as large, flat
transparent plates with notched corners. They are soluble in hot alcohol
and ether.
Uric acid crystals appear - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔In acidic urine and resembles
yellow-brown four-sided flat planes, rosettes, or wedges.
Cystine crystals appear - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔In acidic urine, are typically
colorless, and have characteristic hexagonal shape. Associated with
cytinuria.
Glucagon - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔The primary hormone responsible for
increasing glucose levels in the blood. Glucagon increases plasma glucose
levels by increasing glycogenolysis and increasing gluconeogenesis.