NUR 440 MODULE 1 EXAM FINAL QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS VERIFIED

NUR 440 MODULE 1 EXAM FINAL QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS VERIFIED Terms in this set (7) A nurse is providing information to a group of pregnant clients and their partners about the psychosocial development of an infant. Using Erikson's theory of psychosocial development, what should the nurse tell the group about the infants? a. Experience frustration to allow an infant to cry for a while before meeting his or her needs b. Rely on the fact that their needs will be met c. Tolerate a great deal of frustration and discomfort to develop a healthy personality d. Ignore needs for short periods to develop a healthy personality B Rationale: According to Erikson’s theory of psychosocial development, infants struggle to establish a sense of basic trust rather than a sense of basic mistrust in their world, their caregivers, and themselves. If provided with consistent satisfying experiences that are delivered in a timely manner, infants come to rely on the fact that their needs are met and that, in turn, they will be able to tolerate some degree of frustration and discomfort until those needs are met. This sense of confidence is an early form of trust and provides the foundation for a healthy personality. Therefore the other options are incorrect.Test-Taking Strategy: Eliminate the option that contains the closed-ended word "must." Eliminate the options that are comparable or alike and indicate that experiencing frustration is necessary. Review: Erikson’s theory of psychosocial development as it relates to the infant. A nurse is weighing a breastfed 6-month- old infant who has been brought to the pediatrician's office for a scheduled visit. The infant's weight at birth was 6 lb 8 oz (2.9 kg). The nurse notes that the infant now weighs 13 lb (5.9 kg). Which action should the nurse take? a. the mother that the infant's weight is increasing as expected b. Tell the mother that semisolid foods should not be introduced until the infant's weight stabilizes c. Tell the mother to decrease the daily number of feedings because the weight gain is excessive d. Tell the mother that the infant should be switched from breast milk to formula because the weight gain is inadequate a Rationale: Infants usually double their birth weight by 6 months and triple it by 1 year of age. If the infant is 6 lb 8 oz (2.9 kg), at birth, a weight of 13 lb (5.9 kg) at 6 months of age is to be expected. Semisolid foods are usually introduced between 4 and 6 months of age.Test-Taking Strategy: Focus on the subject in the question, the current weight of the infant. Recalling that infants double their weight by 6 months of age will direct you to the correct option. A nurse performing a physical assessment of a 12-month-old infant notes that the infant's head circumference is the same as the chest circumference. Based on this finding, what should the nurse do? a. Suggest to the pediatrician that a skull x- ray be performed b. Tell the mother that the infant is growing faster than expected c. Document these measurements in the infant's health-care record d. Suspect the presence of hydrocephalus c Rationale: The head circumference growth rate during the first year is approximately 0.4 inch (1 cm) per month. By 10 to 12 months of age, the infant’s head and chest circumferences are equal. Therefore, suspecting the presence of hydrocephalus, telling the mother that the infant is growing faster than expected, and suggesting that a skull x-ray be performed are incorrect.Test-Taking Strategy: Eliminate the options that are comparable or alike and indicate that the infant has a physiological problem. A new mother asks the nurse, "I was told that my infant received my antibodies during pregnancy. Does that mean that my infant is protected against infections?" Which statement should the nurse make in response to the mother? a. "Yes, your infant is protected from all infections." b. "The transfer of your antibodies protects your infant until the infant is 12 months old." c. "If you breastfeed, your infant is protected from infection." d. "The immune system of an infant is immature, and the infant is at risk for infection." d Rationale: Transplacental transfer of maternal antibodies supplements the infant’s weak response to infection until approximately 3 to 4 months of age. Although the infant begins to produce immunoglobulin (Ig) soon after birth, by 1 year of age the infant has only approximately 60% of the adult IgG level, 75% of the adult IgM level, and 20% of the adult IgA level. Breast milk transmits additional IgA protection. The activity of T-lymphocytes also increases after birth. Even though the immune system matures during infancy, maximal protection against infection is not achieved until early childhood. This immaturity places the infant at risk for infection.Test-Taking Strategy: Eliminate the option containing the closed-ended word "all." Recalling that breastfeeding alone does not protect the infant from infection will assist you in eliminating the option that suggests breastfeeding protects the infant. From the remaining options, use the strategy of selecting the umbrella option to answer correctly.