NSG 252 EXAM 2 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS

NSG 252 EXAM 2 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS Red flag values for acute respiratory Failure - answer- Pa02 60 = hypoxemic oe 02 failure paCO2 45 with Acidemia + hypercapnia/ventilatory failure Sa02 90 for both causes of acute respiratory failure - answer- Trauma, neuromuscular disorders, resp depression, obesity, sleep apnea, COPD, asthma, PE, pneumothorax, pulm. edema, high altitude, CHF, shock, ARDS s/s of hypoxic failure - answer- restless, irritable, confused, tachycardia S/S of hypercapnic respiratory failure - answer- dec. LOC, HA, drowsy, hypotension, bradycardia, weak pulses Interventions for ARF - answer- O2 therapy (Pa0260) nebs/inhalers, steroids, ventilators. comfy positioning, anxiety and management ARDS - answer- hypoxemia even w/ 100% oxygen, refractory hypoxemia, dense filtrates on x-ray (ground glass) non-cardiac pulm edema, dec. pulm, compliance Sepsis - answer- #1 cause of acute lung injury RF for ARDS - answer- massive transfusions, severe pneumonia, sepsis, NOT ASTHMA OR COPD Assesment for ARDS - answer- increased work of breathing, cyanosis, pallor, retractions, NO ABNORMAL LUNG SOUNDS, hypotension, tachycardia, low Pa02, progressive need for oxygen 3 phases and interventions for ards - answer- Exudative: early changes in dyspnea, tachypnea, support pt and provide oxygen Fibrosing Alveolitis: pulm HTN, fibrosis with MODS, give oxygen, support lungs, and prevent complications Resolution: may have permanent deficits Drugs for ARDS - answer- 1. Inotropic agents for maintaining Uo and BP 2. Diuretics- may reduce alveolar and interstitial edema (careful!) give w/ fluis but keep slightly hypotensive. 3. Steroids- decreases inflam response