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Sumario 1.3 Membrana Célular

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MEMBRANA CÉLULAR


MEMBRANA CELULAR  Periféricas o extrínsecas. Superficie de la
bicapa.
Función: Divide el medio intracelular del
extracelular.

MODELO MOSAICO FLUIDO
La membrana celular no
es rígida, fluye.

Esta compuesta de un
doble capa de lípidos y
contiene proteínas
estructurales. FUNCIONES
Es asimétrica. 1. Enzimáticas. Tienen una función fisiológica
determinada.
COMPONENTES DE LA MEMBRANA 2. Receptora. Recibe señales y desencadena
CELULAR reacciones químicas.
3. Transportadora. Transportan sustancias
dentro/fuera de la célula.




HIDRATOS DE CARBONO
Glucolípidos y Glucoproteínas.

Presentes solo hacia el lado externo.

LIPIDOS (DE UN 40% A UN 60%) Función: Sostener la estructura de la membrana,
Fosfolípidos y Esteroides realizar reconocimiento celular y son receptoras
de estímulos.
→ Están compuestos en
bicapa, estas son
moléculas anfipáticas
(contiene regiones
hidrofóbicas, que repelen el agua, y regiones
hidrófilas que atraen el agua)

Cuentan con una cabeza polar hidrofílica y dos
colas apolares hidrofóbicas.

PROTEINAS (DE UN 30% A 40%) FUNCIONES DE LA MEMBRANA CELULAR
Síntesis y embalaje de la pared celular.
TIPOS
 Integradas o intrínsecas. Dentro o Controla el paso cualitativo y cuantitativo de
atraviesan la bicapa. sustancias desde y hacia el interior de la célula.



DANI PONCE, INGENIERÍA FORESTAL, 1ER SEMESTRE.
1

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