NMNC 4310 Exam 1 Questions With Complete Solutions
A 37-year-old patient is concerned they have asthma. Of the
symptoms they describe to you, which symptoms are indicative
of risk factors for asthma? (select all that apply)
a) Prolonged inhalation
b) Environmental allergies
c) Cough that's worse at night and early morning
d) Chest pain and syncope after jogging
e) Gastric reflux or heartburn Correct Answers b)
Environmental allergies
c) Cough that's worse at night and early morning
e) Gastric reflux or heartburn
A 56 year old normally healthy patient at the clinic is diagnosed
with bacterial community-acquired pneumonia. Before treatment
is prescribed, the nurse asks the patient about an allergy to:
a) amoxicillin
b) erythromycin
c) Vancomycin
d) Linezolid Correct Answers b) erythromycin
A client was admitted to the orthopedic unit of the hospital for a
left femur fracture. The client has been admitted for 3 days due
to a surgical complication. On assessment, you note coarse
crackles in the right lower lobe. A chest x-ray shows infiltrates
with consolidation in the right lower lobe. What type of
pneumonia do you suspect?
,a) Community Acquired Pneumonia
b) Necrotizing Pneumonia
c) Ventilator associated pneumonia
d) Hospital acquired pneumonia Correct Answers d) Hospital
acquired pneumonia
A nurse caring for a client with RSV should wear which of the
following personal protective equipment (PPE)?
a) Hazmat suit
b) Gloves, gown, and shoe covers
c) Gown and gloves
d) Face shield, gown, gloves, and surgical mask Correct
Answers d) Face shield, gown, gloves, and surgical mask
A patient is admitted to the emergency department with a severe
exacerbation of asthma. Which finding is of most concern to the
nurse?
a) Expiratory Wheezing
b) Unable to speak and sweating profusely
c) Tripod position
d) Prolonged exhalation Correct Answers b) Unable to speak
and sweating profusely
A pregnant patient should receive which injection to help protect
their infant from RSV?
a) Nirsevimab (Beyfortus)
b) Ceftriaxone (Rocephin)
c) RSVpreF (Abrysvo)
,d) RSVpreF3 (Arexvy) Correct Answers c) RSVpreF
(Abrysvo)
An 82-year-old client with COPD presents with dyspnea,
restlessness, pursed lips and in tripod position complaining of
anxiety, pain and "not being able to breathe." The nurse should
question which order? Select all that apply.
a) Ipratropium
b) Hydromorphone
c) Albuterol
d) Diazepam Correct Answers b) Hydromorphone
d) Diazepam
COPD disease progression is marked by what? Correct
Answers Worsening of...
-abnormalities in airflow limitations
- air trapping
- gas exchange
Decreased __________and ___________of the alveoli and
increased alveolar gas pressure can lead to ventilation perfusion
mismatch. Correct Answers Perfusion and ventilation
Define FEV1 Correct Answers Forced expired volume in 1
second
Define FEV1/FVC ratio Correct Answers The amount of air
exhaled in first second divided by the amount of air that can be
quickly and forcefully exhaled after maximum inspiration
, Define FiO2 Correct Answers Fraction of inspired oxygen
concentration
Define FVC (Forced Vital Capacity) Correct Answers Amount
of air that can be quickly and forcefully exhaled after maximum
inspiration
Define hypoxia Correct Answers Not enough oxygen available
in the tissues to maintain adequate homeostasis
Define peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR) Correct Answers
Maximum airflow rate during forced expiration. Aids in
monitoring bronchoconstriction in asthma. Can be measured
with peak flow meter
Define Residual Volume (RV) Correct Answers Amount of air
remaining in the lungs after forced expiration. Air available in
lungs for gas exchange between breaths
Define Tidal Volume Correct Answers Volume of air
exchanged with each breath
Describe the pathophysiology of COPD.... Correct Answers
COPD is a progressive lung disease that has multiple causes but
often times it is caused by noxious particles or gases from things
such as smoking and air pollution. It is characterized by chronic
inflammation in the airway, bronchioles, alveoli, and pulmonary
blood vessels.This chronic inflammation leads to structural
changes and airway remodeling. This airway remodeling
includes the thickening and narrowing of the airways,
overproduction of mucus,and the destruction of the alveoli.
A 37-year-old patient is concerned they have asthma. Of the
symptoms they describe to you, which symptoms are indicative
of risk factors for asthma? (select all that apply)
a) Prolonged inhalation
b) Environmental allergies
c) Cough that's worse at night and early morning
d) Chest pain and syncope after jogging
e) Gastric reflux or heartburn Correct Answers b)
Environmental allergies
c) Cough that's worse at night and early morning
e) Gastric reflux or heartburn
A 56 year old normally healthy patient at the clinic is diagnosed
with bacterial community-acquired pneumonia. Before treatment
is prescribed, the nurse asks the patient about an allergy to:
a) amoxicillin
b) erythromycin
c) Vancomycin
d) Linezolid Correct Answers b) erythromycin
A client was admitted to the orthopedic unit of the hospital for a
left femur fracture. The client has been admitted for 3 days due
to a surgical complication. On assessment, you note coarse
crackles in the right lower lobe. A chest x-ray shows infiltrates
with consolidation in the right lower lobe. What type of
pneumonia do you suspect?
,a) Community Acquired Pneumonia
b) Necrotizing Pneumonia
c) Ventilator associated pneumonia
d) Hospital acquired pneumonia Correct Answers d) Hospital
acquired pneumonia
A nurse caring for a client with RSV should wear which of the
following personal protective equipment (PPE)?
a) Hazmat suit
b) Gloves, gown, and shoe covers
c) Gown and gloves
d) Face shield, gown, gloves, and surgical mask Correct
Answers d) Face shield, gown, gloves, and surgical mask
A patient is admitted to the emergency department with a severe
exacerbation of asthma. Which finding is of most concern to the
nurse?
a) Expiratory Wheezing
b) Unable to speak and sweating profusely
c) Tripod position
d) Prolonged exhalation Correct Answers b) Unable to speak
and sweating profusely
A pregnant patient should receive which injection to help protect
their infant from RSV?
a) Nirsevimab (Beyfortus)
b) Ceftriaxone (Rocephin)
c) RSVpreF (Abrysvo)
,d) RSVpreF3 (Arexvy) Correct Answers c) RSVpreF
(Abrysvo)
An 82-year-old client with COPD presents with dyspnea,
restlessness, pursed lips and in tripod position complaining of
anxiety, pain and "not being able to breathe." The nurse should
question which order? Select all that apply.
a) Ipratropium
b) Hydromorphone
c) Albuterol
d) Diazepam Correct Answers b) Hydromorphone
d) Diazepam
COPD disease progression is marked by what? Correct
Answers Worsening of...
-abnormalities in airflow limitations
- air trapping
- gas exchange
Decreased __________and ___________of the alveoli and
increased alveolar gas pressure can lead to ventilation perfusion
mismatch. Correct Answers Perfusion and ventilation
Define FEV1 Correct Answers Forced expired volume in 1
second
Define FEV1/FVC ratio Correct Answers The amount of air
exhaled in first second divided by the amount of air that can be
quickly and forcefully exhaled after maximum inspiration
, Define FiO2 Correct Answers Fraction of inspired oxygen
concentration
Define FVC (Forced Vital Capacity) Correct Answers Amount
of air that can be quickly and forcefully exhaled after maximum
inspiration
Define hypoxia Correct Answers Not enough oxygen available
in the tissues to maintain adequate homeostasis
Define peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR) Correct Answers
Maximum airflow rate during forced expiration. Aids in
monitoring bronchoconstriction in asthma. Can be measured
with peak flow meter
Define Residual Volume (RV) Correct Answers Amount of air
remaining in the lungs after forced expiration. Air available in
lungs for gas exchange between breaths
Define Tidal Volume Correct Answers Volume of air
exchanged with each breath
Describe the pathophysiology of COPD.... Correct Answers
COPD is a progressive lung disease that has multiple causes but
often times it is caused by noxious particles or gases from things
such as smoking and air pollution. It is characterized by chronic
inflammation in the airway, bronchioles, alveoli, and pulmonary
blood vessels.This chronic inflammation leads to structural
changes and airway remodeling. This airway remodeling
includes the thickening and narrowing of the airways,
overproduction of mucus,and the destruction of the alveoli.
