Fetal Echocardiography Exam with
100% Correct Answers
What are the 3 branches arise from the Aortic Arch? - Answer- Brachiocephalic
(innominate), Left common, and Left Subclavian arteries
Brachiocephalic artery bifurcate into? - Answer- Right common and Right Subclavian
arteries
The most common congenital cardiac malformation in the general population? -
Answer- Bicuspid Aortic Valve
Stage IV of Cardiac Embryology - Answer- Tissue within the Truncus Arteriosus forms
the aorticopulmonary septum which grow and spiral to divide the truncus arteriosus into
the aorta and the main pulmonary artery
The 3rd pairs of Aortic Arches form? - Answer- The Carotid Arteries
The 4th pair of Aortic Archer form? - Answer- -4th Left becomes the Aortic Arch
-4th Right becomes the proximal Right Subclavian Artery
The 6th pair of Aortic Archer form? - Answer- -6th Left becomes the Left Pulmonary
Artery and the DA
-6th Right becomes the Right Pulmonary Artery
What is the most common congenital heart disease (CHD) in fetal? - Answer- VSD
CHD most likely associated with abnormal chromosomes? - Answer- VSD, AVSD,
Tetralogy of Fallot
CHD least likely associated with abnormal chromosomes? - Answer- D-TGA, Atrial
Isomerism (heterotaxy)
CHD most likely associated with non-cardiac anomalies? - Answer- Tetralogy of Fallot,
Coarctation, Pulmonary Stenosis
Organogenesis - Answer- All major organ systems, including the cardiovascular system
are formed between the 3rd and 8th week of development
, Stage I of Cardiac Embryology - Answer- -Paired tubular structures form a single,
slightly bent heart tube
-Cephalic portion of the heart tube connects with developing arterial system
-Caudal portion connects with the developing systemic venous system
Stage II of Cardiac Embryology - Answer- The single tubular structure bends to the right
to form the Atrioventriculobulbar loop
The cephalic aspect of the cardiac loop? - Answer- Bulbus Cordis
The caudal portion of the cardiac loop? - Answer- Sinus Vensous
Bulbus Cordis forms the ____________________? - Answer- Truncus Arteriosus
Stage III of Cardiac Embryology - Answer- -The cardiac septa develop, forming the four
cardiac chambers
-Atrioventricular (AV) node and Sinoatrial (SA) node develop within the right atrium
-Fusion of the four large endocardial cushions in the AV canal
The ______________________ forms first and descends from the top atria. - Answer-
Septum primum
The ______________________ develops to the right of the septum primum and grows
from the ventral to dorsal. - Answer- Septum Secundum
Foramen ovale - Answer- An opening in the septum secundum
Systemic Veins - Answer- Cardinal veins, umbilical veins and vitelline veins are formed
and connect with the sinus venosus
Right horn of the sinus venosus is absorbed into the _______________________? -
Answer- Right Atrium
Left horn of the sinus venosus forms the ________________________? - Answer-
Coronary Sinus
Right Cardinal Vein becomes? - Answer- SVC
Left Umbilical Vein persists as the? - Answer- Umbilical Vein
Right Vitelline Vein becomes the? - Answer- IVC
100% Correct Answers
What are the 3 branches arise from the Aortic Arch? - Answer- Brachiocephalic
(innominate), Left common, and Left Subclavian arteries
Brachiocephalic artery bifurcate into? - Answer- Right common and Right Subclavian
arteries
The most common congenital cardiac malformation in the general population? -
Answer- Bicuspid Aortic Valve
Stage IV of Cardiac Embryology - Answer- Tissue within the Truncus Arteriosus forms
the aorticopulmonary septum which grow and spiral to divide the truncus arteriosus into
the aorta and the main pulmonary artery
The 3rd pairs of Aortic Arches form? - Answer- The Carotid Arteries
The 4th pair of Aortic Archer form? - Answer- -4th Left becomes the Aortic Arch
-4th Right becomes the proximal Right Subclavian Artery
The 6th pair of Aortic Archer form? - Answer- -6th Left becomes the Left Pulmonary
Artery and the DA
-6th Right becomes the Right Pulmonary Artery
What is the most common congenital heart disease (CHD) in fetal? - Answer- VSD
CHD most likely associated with abnormal chromosomes? - Answer- VSD, AVSD,
Tetralogy of Fallot
CHD least likely associated with abnormal chromosomes? - Answer- D-TGA, Atrial
Isomerism (heterotaxy)
CHD most likely associated with non-cardiac anomalies? - Answer- Tetralogy of Fallot,
Coarctation, Pulmonary Stenosis
Organogenesis - Answer- All major organ systems, including the cardiovascular system
are formed between the 3rd and 8th week of development
, Stage I of Cardiac Embryology - Answer- -Paired tubular structures form a single,
slightly bent heart tube
-Cephalic portion of the heart tube connects with developing arterial system
-Caudal portion connects with the developing systemic venous system
Stage II of Cardiac Embryology - Answer- The single tubular structure bends to the right
to form the Atrioventriculobulbar loop
The cephalic aspect of the cardiac loop? - Answer- Bulbus Cordis
The caudal portion of the cardiac loop? - Answer- Sinus Vensous
Bulbus Cordis forms the ____________________? - Answer- Truncus Arteriosus
Stage III of Cardiac Embryology - Answer- -The cardiac septa develop, forming the four
cardiac chambers
-Atrioventricular (AV) node and Sinoatrial (SA) node develop within the right atrium
-Fusion of the four large endocardial cushions in the AV canal
The ______________________ forms first and descends from the top atria. - Answer-
Septum primum
The ______________________ develops to the right of the septum primum and grows
from the ventral to dorsal. - Answer- Septum Secundum
Foramen ovale - Answer- An opening in the septum secundum
Systemic Veins - Answer- Cardinal veins, umbilical veins and vitelline veins are formed
and connect with the sinus venosus
Right horn of the sinus venosus is absorbed into the _______________________? -
Answer- Right Atrium
Left horn of the sinus venosus forms the ________________________? - Answer-
Coronary Sinus
Right Cardinal Vein becomes? - Answer- SVC
Left Umbilical Vein persists as the? - Answer- Umbilical Vein
Right Vitelline Vein becomes the? - Answer- IVC
