Maternal-Child Care NURSING 7TH Edition by Emily
Slone McKinney
MULTIPLE CHOICES.
Which factor significantly contributed to the shift from home births to hospital births in the early 20th
century?
a. Puerperal sepsis was identified as a risk factor in labor and delivery.
b. Forceps were developed to facilitate difficult births.
c. The importance of early parental-infant contact was identified.
d. Technologic developments became available to physicians.
ANS: D
Technologic developments were available to physicians, not lay midwives. So in-hospital births increased in
order to take advantage of these advancements. Puerperal sepsis has been a known problem for generations.
In the late 19th century, Semmelweis discovered how it could be prevented with improved hygienic practices.
The development of forceps is an example of a technology advance made in the early 20th century but is not
the only reason birthplaces moved. Unlike home births, early hospital births hindered bonding between
parents and their infants.
Family-centered maternity care developed in response to
a. demands by physicians for family involvement in childbirth.
b. the Sheppard-Towner Act of 1921.
c. parental requests that infants be allowed to remain with them rather than in a nursery.
d. changes in pharmacologic management of labor.
ANS: C
As research began to identify the benefits of early extended parent-infant contact, parents began to insist that
the infant remain with them. This gradually developed into the practice of rooming-in and finally to family-
centered maternity care. Family-centered care was a request by parents, not physicians. The Sheppard-Towner
Act of 1921 provided funds for
state-managed programs for mothers and children. The changes in pharmacologic management of labor were
not a factor in family-centered maternity care.
1|Page
,Which setting for childbirth allows the least amount of parent-infant contact?
a. Labor/delivery/recovery/postpartum room
b. Birth center
c. Traditional hospital birth
d. Home birth
ANS: C
In the traditional hospital setting, the mother may see the infant for only short feeding periods, and the infant
is cared for in a separate nursery. While this is slowly changing, to more closely resemble other birthing
models, the traditional hospital birth still offers the least amount of parent-infant contact. The
labor/delivery/recovery/postpartum room setting allows increased parent-infant contact. Birth centers are set
up to allow an increase in parent-infant contact.
Home births allow an increase in parent-infant contact.
The maternity nurse should have a clear understanding of the correct use of a clinical pathway. One
characteristic of clinical pathways is that they
a. are developed and implemented by nurses.
b. are used primarily in the pediatric setting.
c. set specific time lines for sequencing interventions.
d. are part of the nursing process.
ANS: C
Clinical pathways are standardized, interdisciplinary plans of care devised for patients with a particular health
problem. They are used to identify patient outcomes, specify timelines to achieve those outcomes, direct
appropriate interventions and sequencing of interventions, include interventions from a variety of disciplines,
promote collaboration, and involve a comprehensive approach to care. They are developed by multiple health
care professionals and reflect interdisciplinary care. They can be used in multiple settings and for patients
throughout the life span. They are not part of the nursing process but can be used in conjunction with the
nursing process to provide care to patients.
A nurse wishes to work to reduce infant mortality in the United States. Which activity would this nurse most
likely participate in?
a. Creating pamphlets in several different languages using an interpreter.
b. Assisting women to enroll in Medicaid by their third trimester.
c. Volunteering to provide prenatal care at community centers.
d. Working as an intake counselor at a women's shelter.
ANS: C
Prenatal care is vital to reducing infant mortality and medical costs. This nurse would most likely participate in
community service providing prenatal care outreach activities in community centers, particularly in low-income
2|Page
,areas. Pamphlets in other languages, enrolling in Medicaid, and working at a women's shelter all might impact
infant mortality, but the greatest effect would be from assisting women to get consistent prenatal care.
Which statement is true regarding the ―quality assurance or ―incident report?
a. The report assures the legal department that no problem exists.
b. Reports are a permanent part of the patient's chart.
c. The nurse's notes should contain, ―Incident report filed, and copy placed in chart.
d. This report is a form of documentation of an event that may result in legal action.
ANS: D
An incident report is used when something occurs that might result in legal action, such as a patient fall or
medication error. It warns the legal department that there may be a problem in a particular patient's care.
Incident reports are not part of the patient's chart; thus the nurses' notes should not contain any reference to
them.
Which woman would be most likely to seek prenatal care?
a. A 15-year-old who tells her friends, ―I don't believe I'm pregnant.‖
b. A 20-year-old who is in her first pregnancy and has access to a free prenatal clinic.
c. A 28-year-old who is in her second pregnancy and abuses drugs and alcohol.
d. A 30-year-old who is in her fifth pregnancy and delivered her last infant at home.
ANS: B
The patient who acknowledges the pregnancy early, has access to health care, and has no reason to avoid
health care is most likely to seek prenatal care. Being in denial about the pregnancy increases the risk of not
seeking care. This patient is also 15, and other social factors may discourage her from seeking care as well.
Women who abuse substances are less likely to receive prenatal care. Some women see pregnancy and
delivery as a natural occurrence and do not seek health care.
A woman who delivered her baby 6 hours ago complains of headache and dizziness. The nurse administers
an analgesic but does not perform any assessments. The woman then has a tonic-clonic seizure, falls out of
bed, and fractures her femur. How would the actions of the nurse be interpreted in relation to standards of
care?
a. Negligent: the nurse failed to assess the woman for possible complications
b. Negligent: because the nurse medicated the woman
c. Not negligent: the woman had signed a waiver concerning the use of side rails
d. Not negligent: the woman did not inform the nurse of her symptoms as soon as they occurred
ANS: A
There are four elements to malpractice, which is negligence in the performance of professional duties: duty,
breach of duty, damage, and proximate cause. The nurse was negligent because she or he did not perform any
assessments, which is the first step of the nursing process and is a standard of care. By not assessing the
3|Page
, patient, the nurse did not meet established standards of care, and thus is guilty of professional negligence, or
malpractice
Which patient situation fails to meet the first requirement of informed consent?
a. The patient does not understand the physician's explanations.
b. The physician gives the patient only a partial list of possible side effects and complications.
c. The patient is confused and disoriented.
d. The patient signs a consent form because her husband tells her to.
ANS: C
The first requirement of informed consent is that the patient must be competent to make decisions about
health care. Full disclosure of information is an important element of the consent, but first the patient has to
be competent to sign. Understanding is an important element of the consent, but first the patient has to be
competent to sign. Voluntary consent is an important element of the consent, but first the patient has to be
competent to sign.
Which situation reflects a potential ethical dilemma for the nurse?
a. A nurse administers analgesics to a patient with cancer as often as the provider's order allows.
b. A neonatal nurse provides nourishment and care to a newborn who has a defect that is incompatible with
life.
c. A labor nurse, whose religion opposes abortion, is asked to assist with an elective abortion.
d. A postpartum nurse provides information about adoption to a new mother who feels she cannot
adequately care for her infant.
ANS: C
A dilemma exists in this situation because the nurse is being asked to assist with a procedure that she or he
believes is morally wrong. The other situations do not contain elements of conflict for the nurse.
When planning a parenting class, the nurse should explain that the leading cause of death in children 1 to 4
years of age in the United States is
a. premature birth.
b. congenital anomalies.
c. accidental death.
d. respiratory tract illness.
ANS: C
Although the rates have dropped, unintentional injury (accidents) are still the leading cause of death for
children aged 1 to 19. The other options contribute to morbidity and mortality in children but are not the
leading cause.
Family-centered care (FCC) describes safe, quality care that recognizes and adapts to both the physical and
psychosocial needs of the family. Which nursing practice coincides with the principles of FCC?
4|Page
Slone McKinney
MULTIPLE CHOICES.
Which factor significantly contributed to the shift from home births to hospital births in the early 20th
century?
a. Puerperal sepsis was identified as a risk factor in labor and delivery.
b. Forceps were developed to facilitate difficult births.
c. The importance of early parental-infant contact was identified.
d. Technologic developments became available to physicians.
ANS: D
Technologic developments were available to physicians, not lay midwives. So in-hospital births increased in
order to take advantage of these advancements. Puerperal sepsis has been a known problem for generations.
In the late 19th century, Semmelweis discovered how it could be prevented with improved hygienic practices.
The development of forceps is an example of a technology advance made in the early 20th century but is not
the only reason birthplaces moved. Unlike home births, early hospital births hindered bonding between
parents and their infants.
Family-centered maternity care developed in response to
a. demands by physicians for family involvement in childbirth.
b. the Sheppard-Towner Act of 1921.
c. parental requests that infants be allowed to remain with them rather than in a nursery.
d. changes in pharmacologic management of labor.
ANS: C
As research began to identify the benefits of early extended parent-infant contact, parents began to insist that
the infant remain with them. This gradually developed into the practice of rooming-in and finally to family-
centered maternity care. Family-centered care was a request by parents, not physicians. The Sheppard-Towner
Act of 1921 provided funds for
state-managed programs for mothers and children. The changes in pharmacologic management of labor were
not a factor in family-centered maternity care.
1|Page
,Which setting for childbirth allows the least amount of parent-infant contact?
a. Labor/delivery/recovery/postpartum room
b. Birth center
c. Traditional hospital birth
d. Home birth
ANS: C
In the traditional hospital setting, the mother may see the infant for only short feeding periods, and the infant
is cared for in a separate nursery. While this is slowly changing, to more closely resemble other birthing
models, the traditional hospital birth still offers the least amount of parent-infant contact. The
labor/delivery/recovery/postpartum room setting allows increased parent-infant contact. Birth centers are set
up to allow an increase in parent-infant contact.
Home births allow an increase in parent-infant contact.
The maternity nurse should have a clear understanding of the correct use of a clinical pathway. One
characteristic of clinical pathways is that they
a. are developed and implemented by nurses.
b. are used primarily in the pediatric setting.
c. set specific time lines for sequencing interventions.
d. are part of the nursing process.
ANS: C
Clinical pathways are standardized, interdisciplinary plans of care devised for patients with a particular health
problem. They are used to identify patient outcomes, specify timelines to achieve those outcomes, direct
appropriate interventions and sequencing of interventions, include interventions from a variety of disciplines,
promote collaboration, and involve a comprehensive approach to care. They are developed by multiple health
care professionals and reflect interdisciplinary care. They can be used in multiple settings and for patients
throughout the life span. They are not part of the nursing process but can be used in conjunction with the
nursing process to provide care to patients.
A nurse wishes to work to reduce infant mortality in the United States. Which activity would this nurse most
likely participate in?
a. Creating pamphlets in several different languages using an interpreter.
b. Assisting women to enroll in Medicaid by their third trimester.
c. Volunteering to provide prenatal care at community centers.
d. Working as an intake counselor at a women's shelter.
ANS: C
Prenatal care is vital to reducing infant mortality and medical costs. This nurse would most likely participate in
community service providing prenatal care outreach activities in community centers, particularly in low-income
2|Page
,areas. Pamphlets in other languages, enrolling in Medicaid, and working at a women's shelter all might impact
infant mortality, but the greatest effect would be from assisting women to get consistent prenatal care.
Which statement is true regarding the ―quality assurance or ―incident report?
a. The report assures the legal department that no problem exists.
b. Reports are a permanent part of the patient's chart.
c. The nurse's notes should contain, ―Incident report filed, and copy placed in chart.
d. This report is a form of documentation of an event that may result in legal action.
ANS: D
An incident report is used when something occurs that might result in legal action, such as a patient fall or
medication error. It warns the legal department that there may be a problem in a particular patient's care.
Incident reports are not part of the patient's chart; thus the nurses' notes should not contain any reference to
them.
Which woman would be most likely to seek prenatal care?
a. A 15-year-old who tells her friends, ―I don't believe I'm pregnant.‖
b. A 20-year-old who is in her first pregnancy and has access to a free prenatal clinic.
c. A 28-year-old who is in her second pregnancy and abuses drugs and alcohol.
d. A 30-year-old who is in her fifth pregnancy and delivered her last infant at home.
ANS: B
The patient who acknowledges the pregnancy early, has access to health care, and has no reason to avoid
health care is most likely to seek prenatal care. Being in denial about the pregnancy increases the risk of not
seeking care. This patient is also 15, and other social factors may discourage her from seeking care as well.
Women who abuse substances are less likely to receive prenatal care. Some women see pregnancy and
delivery as a natural occurrence and do not seek health care.
A woman who delivered her baby 6 hours ago complains of headache and dizziness. The nurse administers
an analgesic but does not perform any assessments. The woman then has a tonic-clonic seizure, falls out of
bed, and fractures her femur. How would the actions of the nurse be interpreted in relation to standards of
care?
a. Negligent: the nurse failed to assess the woman for possible complications
b. Negligent: because the nurse medicated the woman
c. Not negligent: the woman had signed a waiver concerning the use of side rails
d. Not negligent: the woman did not inform the nurse of her symptoms as soon as they occurred
ANS: A
There are four elements to malpractice, which is negligence in the performance of professional duties: duty,
breach of duty, damage, and proximate cause. The nurse was negligent because she or he did not perform any
assessments, which is the first step of the nursing process and is a standard of care. By not assessing the
3|Page
, patient, the nurse did not meet established standards of care, and thus is guilty of professional negligence, or
malpractice
Which patient situation fails to meet the first requirement of informed consent?
a. The patient does not understand the physician's explanations.
b. The physician gives the patient only a partial list of possible side effects and complications.
c. The patient is confused and disoriented.
d. The patient signs a consent form because her husband tells her to.
ANS: C
The first requirement of informed consent is that the patient must be competent to make decisions about
health care. Full disclosure of information is an important element of the consent, but first the patient has to
be competent to sign. Understanding is an important element of the consent, but first the patient has to be
competent to sign. Voluntary consent is an important element of the consent, but first the patient has to be
competent to sign.
Which situation reflects a potential ethical dilemma for the nurse?
a. A nurse administers analgesics to a patient with cancer as often as the provider's order allows.
b. A neonatal nurse provides nourishment and care to a newborn who has a defect that is incompatible with
life.
c. A labor nurse, whose religion opposes abortion, is asked to assist with an elective abortion.
d. A postpartum nurse provides information about adoption to a new mother who feels she cannot
adequately care for her infant.
ANS: C
A dilemma exists in this situation because the nurse is being asked to assist with a procedure that she or he
believes is morally wrong. The other situations do not contain elements of conflict for the nurse.
When planning a parenting class, the nurse should explain that the leading cause of death in children 1 to 4
years of age in the United States is
a. premature birth.
b. congenital anomalies.
c. accidental death.
d. respiratory tract illness.
ANS: C
Although the rates have dropped, unintentional injury (accidents) are still the leading cause of death for
children aged 1 to 19. The other options contribute to morbidity and mortality in children but are not the
leading cause.
Family-centered care (FCC) describes safe, quality care that recognizes and adapts to both the physical and
psychosocial needs of the family. Which nursing practice coincides with the principles of FCC?
4|Page
