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1. Which of the following is a key focus in Erikson's psychosocial stage of 'Trust
vs. Mistrust'?
A. Developing independence
B. Forming a sense of trust in caregivers
C. Learning cooperation with others
D. Developing identity and role clarity - ANSWER B
2. Which component is central to Vygotsky's concept of the 'Zone of Proximal
Development'?
A. Individual learning without assistance
B. Support provided by others to enhance learning
C. Cognitive stages that occur independently of external factors
D. The biologically determined readiness for learning - ANSWER B
3. What does the 'Proximodistal' pattern of development describe?
A. Growth from the feet to the head
B. Growth from the head to the toes
C. Development from the center of the body outward
,D. Development from simple to complex skills - ANSWER C
4. At what age range does Piaget's 'Concrete Operational Stage' occur?
A. Birth to 2 years
B. 2 to 7 years
C. 7 to 11 years
D. 12 to 15 years - ANSWER C
5. Which of the following best describes the 'cephalocaudal' pattern of
growth?
A. Growth from the feet to the head
B. Growth from the head to the toes
C. Growth from the midline to the periphery
D. Growth from general to specific skills - ANSWER B
6. According to Kohlberg, at what level do children learn to obey authority to
avoid punishment?
A. Preconventional
B. Conventional
C. Postconventional
D. None of the above - ANSWER A
7. What is a primary goal of health promotion?
A. Treating chronic diseases
B. Reducing risks and negative health influences
C. Managing symptoms of illness
, D. Increasing healthcare cost - ANSWER B
8. Which concept involves decreasing threats and risks to health?
A. Health restoration
B. Health promotion
C. Disease prevention
D. Health literacy - ANSWER C
9. Health protection focuses on:
A. Increasing physical activity
B. Reducing exposure to harmful environmental factors
C. Promoting mental well-being
D. Encouraging community engagement - ANSWER B
10.Growth is defined as:
A. Quantitative increases in size and weight
B. Development of social skills
C. Learning new behaviors
D. Maturation of cognitive abilities - ANSWER A
11.Which term refers to the gradual change and expansion of capabilities?
A. Growth
B. Maturation
C. Development
D. Adaptation - ANSWER C
12.Maturation is described as:
A. Development of emotional skills
, B. Increase in competence and adaptability
C. Physical growth in height
D. Social skill development - ANSWER B
13.In Erikson's 'Trust vs. Mistrust' stage, what age group is primarily involved?
A. Early childhood (3-6 years)
B. School age (6-12 years)
C. Infancy (birth to 18 months)
D. Adolescence (12-20 years) - ANSWER C
14. What is the primary developmental task during the 'Initiative vs. Guilt'
stage?
A. Learning to trust others
B. Developing a sense of independence
C. Exploring one's environment
D. Forming intimate relationships - ANSWER C
15.Which of the following is a possible outcome of failing the 'Industry vs.
Inferiority' stage?
A. Doubt and uncertainty
B. Lack of identity
C. Sense of inferiority and low self-esteem
D. Feelings of mistrust - ANSWER C
16.Which stage is characterized by the development of object permanence?
A. Preoperational (2-7 years)
B. Sensorimotor (birth-2 years)
C. Concrete operational (7-11 years)
D. Formal operational (11-15 years) - ANSWER B