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HESI PHARMACOLOGY FINAL EXAM WITH
RATIONALES 2025 ACTUAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS (VERIFIED
ANSWERS) ALL ANSWERED {170 Q & A} ALREADY
GRADED A+ | GUARANTEED PASS
A client with seasonal allergies is prescribed loratadine. Which
of the following instructions should the nurse provide?
A. "Take this medication with food to prevent stomach upset."
B. "Avoid driving until you know how the medication affects you."
C. "Expect a dry cough as a normal side effect."
D. "Increase your intake of potassium-rich foods while on this
medication."
B
Rationale:
Loratadine, a second-generation antihistamine, can cause
drowsiness in some individuals. Clients should be cautious about
driving or operating machinery until they know how the
medication affects them.
Which of the following adverse effects should the nurse monitor
for in a client taking diphenhydramine for allergic rhinitis?
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A. Hypertension
B. Sedation
C. Increased urination
D. Diarrhea
B
Rationale:
Diphenhydramine, a first-generation antihistamine, is known to
cause sedation as a common side effect.
The nurse is preparing to administer codeine to a client with a
persistent cough. Which of the following should the nurse assess
before administration?
A. Blood pressure and heart rate
B. Respiratory rate and level of consciousness
C. Temperature and oxygen saturation
D. Bowel sounds and frequency of stools
B
Rationale:
Codeine, an opioid antitussive, can cause respiratory depression
and sedation. Monitoring the respiratory rate and level of
consciousness is essential before administration
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A client diagnosed with a common cold asks why
pseudoephedrine was prescribed. What is the nurse's best
response?
A. "It reduces inflammation in the nasal passages."
B. "It is used to thin mucus secretions."
C. "It helps relieve nasal congestion by shrinking swollen blood
vessels."
D. "It suppresses your cough to help you sleep."
C
Rationale:
Pseudoephedrine is a decongestant that works by causing
vasoconstriction in the nasal mucosa, reducing swelling and
congestion.
A client is prescribed intranasal fluticasone for chronic sinusitis.
Which of the following should the nurse include in the teaching?
A. "Blow your nose gently before using the medication."
B. "Use the spray as needed for symptom relief."
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C. "Take this medication at bedtime for better absorption."
D. "Avoid using this medication if nasal discharge is clear."
A
Rationale:
Clearing the nasal passages before administration ensures
proper absorption of the medication. Fluticasone is a
corticosteroid and should be used regularly, not as needed.
A client taking guaifenesin asks how the medication works. What
is the nurse's best response?
A. "It suppresses your cough reflex to reduce coughing
episodes."
B. "It thins mucus to make it easier to expel."
C. "It reduces inflammation in your airways."
D. "It dries up nasal secretions to relieve congestion."
B
Rationale:
Guaifenesin is an expectorant that helps loosen and thin mucus,
promoting its expulsion during coughing.
HESI PHARMACOLOGY FINAL EXAM WITH
RATIONALES 2025 ACTUAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS (VERIFIED
ANSWERS) ALL ANSWERED {170 Q & A} ALREADY
GRADED A+ | GUARANTEED PASS
A client with seasonal allergies is prescribed loratadine. Which
of the following instructions should the nurse provide?
A. "Take this medication with food to prevent stomach upset."
B. "Avoid driving until you know how the medication affects you."
C. "Expect a dry cough as a normal side effect."
D. "Increase your intake of potassium-rich foods while on this
medication."
B
Rationale:
Loratadine, a second-generation antihistamine, can cause
drowsiness in some individuals. Clients should be cautious about
driving or operating machinery until they know how the
medication affects them.
Which of the following adverse effects should the nurse monitor
for in a client taking diphenhydramine for allergic rhinitis?
,2|Page
A. Hypertension
B. Sedation
C. Increased urination
D. Diarrhea
B
Rationale:
Diphenhydramine, a first-generation antihistamine, is known to
cause sedation as a common side effect.
The nurse is preparing to administer codeine to a client with a
persistent cough. Which of the following should the nurse assess
before administration?
A. Blood pressure and heart rate
B. Respiratory rate and level of consciousness
C. Temperature and oxygen saturation
D. Bowel sounds and frequency of stools
B
Rationale:
Codeine, an opioid antitussive, can cause respiratory depression
and sedation. Monitoring the respiratory rate and level of
consciousness is essential before administration
,3|Page
A client diagnosed with a common cold asks why
pseudoephedrine was prescribed. What is the nurse's best
response?
A. "It reduces inflammation in the nasal passages."
B. "It is used to thin mucus secretions."
C. "It helps relieve nasal congestion by shrinking swollen blood
vessels."
D. "It suppresses your cough to help you sleep."
C
Rationale:
Pseudoephedrine is a decongestant that works by causing
vasoconstriction in the nasal mucosa, reducing swelling and
congestion.
A client is prescribed intranasal fluticasone for chronic sinusitis.
Which of the following should the nurse include in the teaching?
A. "Blow your nose gently before using the medication."
B. "Use the spray as needed for symptom relief."
, 4|Page
C. "Take this medication at bedtime for better absorption."
D. "Avoid using this medication if nasal discharge is clear."
A
Rationale:
Clearing the nasal passages before administration ensures
proper absorption of the medication. Fluticasone is a
corticosteroid and should be used regularly, not as needed.
A client taking guaifenesin asks how the medication works. What
is the nurse's best response?
A. "It suppresses your cough reflex to reduce coughing
episodes."
B. "It thins mucus to make it easier to expel."
C. "It reduces inflammation in your airways."
D. "It dries up nasal secretions to relieve congestion."
B
Rationale:
Guaifenesin is an expectorant that helps loosen and thin mucus,
promoting its expulsion during coughing.
