CMN 571 FINAL 2025| COMPLETE EXAM SET (QUESTIONS AND
VERIFIED ANSWERS)FREQUENTLY MOST TESTED QUESTIONS |
ALREADY PASSED!!
Laws related to administering vaccines: VIS -
Answer-All vaccine providers, public or private, are required by the National Vaccine
Childhood Injury Act to give the appropriate VIS to the patient (or parent or legal
representative) prior to every dose of specific vaccines.
The appropriate VIS must be given prior to the vaccination, and must be given prior to
each dose of a multi-dose series. It must be given regardless of the age of the recipient.
What is required to be recorded in the medical record? -
Answer-The edition date of the VIS (found on the back at the right bottom corner).
The date the VIS is provided (i.e., the date of the visit when the vaccine is
administered).
The office address and name and title of the person who administers the vaccine.
The date the vaccine is administered.
The vaccine manufacturer and lot number.
Vaccines at birth -
Answer-Hep B
Vaccines at 4 months -
Answer-D - Dtap R - Rotovirus
H - HIB
I - IPV
P - PCV
Vaccines at 2 months -
Answer-B - Hep B D - Dtap
R - Rotovirus
H - HIB
I - IPV
P - PCV
Vaccines at 6 months -
Answer-B - Hep B D - Dtap
R - Rotovirus
H - HIB
I - IPV
P - PCV
Vaccines at 12-15 months -
Answer-M - MMR A - HepA
D - Dtap
,H - HIB
P - PCV
V- Varicella
Vaccines at 4-6 years -
Answer-VERY - Varicella D - DTAP
I - IPV
M - MMR
Active immunity -
Answer-Resistance developed in response to infection with an agent resulting in
antibody production. Active immunity is usually permanent. Can be either naturally
acquired through exposure and infection with the disease or artificially acquired
through immunization. Onset is 2-4 weeks and duration is years to lifetime.
Passive Immunity -
Answer-A person is given antibodies to a disease rather than producing them through his
or her own immune system. This is short term immunity through introduction of
antibodies to a disease. Can occur naturally as in the passage of antibodies from the
mother to the fetus during pregnancy or artificially acquired through injection of
antibodies such as gamma globulin. Onset is within 24 hours of the dose and duration
is about 4-6 months.
Herd Immunity -
Answer-This occurs when a significant portion of the population is vaccinated and that
provides a portion of immunity for those that have not developed immunity. The
population (herd) helps prevent disease in the unprotected population. The herd
protects those who can not safely get vaccinations. Generally 90 -95% of the population
should be to be vaccinated to have effective Herd immunity.
Hep B Vaccine -
Answer-3 dose schedule: 1st Should be given within 24 hours of birth (12 hours if
mother + or unknown HBsAg status). 2nd at 2 months and 3rd at 6 months. Low rate of
adverse events.
Contraindications: Do not give to anyone with serious allergic reaction to yeast.
Can be solo vaccine (engerix-B/Recombivax HB) or combined with Dtap & IPV
(pediarix)
Rotavirus Vaccine -
Answer-Rotavirus is the most common cause of severe gastroenteritis among young
children.
Two vaccines available - RV5 (Rotateq) and RV1 (Rotarix).
RV5 is 3 dose schedule at 2, 4, 6 months. RV1 is 2 dose schedule at 2 & 4 months.
Risks and contraindications: Risk of intussusception, should not be given to infants with
history. RV1 should not be given to infants with severe latex allergy (package is latex).
Both vaccines are contraindicated in SCID. Should be deferred in infants with acute
moderate to sever gastroenteritis.
DTaP Vaccine -
Answer-For prevention of diphtheria, tetanus, and pertussis (whooping cough)
Can be in combo with IPV & HepB, combo with IPV & HIB, or combo with IPV.
,Should be deferred in individuals with progressive neuromuscular disorders until neuro
status is clarified and stabilized.
Moderate to severe systemic effects: fever, inconsolable crying, hypotonic-
hyporesponsive episodes.
HIB Vaccine -
Answer-Haemophilus influenzae type B - causes a wide spectrum of serious infections
bacterial illnesses, particularly in young children, including meningitis, epiglottitis,
pneumonia, septic arthritis, and cellulitis. Can be solo vaccine or combo with Dtap and
IPV. Given as series of 3 or 4 doses (depending on formula) OMP is 3 - T is 4. Not
recommended in children over 5 yrs
Should not be given to infants under 6 weeks
Adverse effects are uncommon.
Pneumococcal vaccine -
Answer-Streptococcus pneumoniae - leading cause of invasive bacterial disease in
children, causes febrile bacteremia, bacterial sepsis, meningitis, and pneumonia. Also a
common cause of otitis media and sinusitis. Two vaccines in use: PCV13 and PCV23
(only 2yrs and older).
PCV13 given in 4 doses.
Both vaccines should be deferred during moderate or severe acute illness with or
without fever.
Adverse effects: fever, injection site reactions, irritabilit, and increased or decreased
sleep.
Not proven - when given in conjunction with flu vaccine increased risk of febrile
seizures.
Poliomyelitis -
Answer-Polioviruses cause acute flaccid paralysis via destruction of the motor neurons.
IPV only vaccine available in the US, CANNOT cause polio.
Can be combined wth Dtap, Hep B, or HIB.
4 Dose series
Contraindications/Precautions: Should be deferred during moderate to severe illnesses
with or without fever. Pregnancy is a precaution.
No serious adverse reactions described.
Influenza -
Answer-Occurs each winter-early spring, often associated with significant morbidity and
mortality in certain high risk groups.
Annual vaccination is recommended for all persons over 6 months.
Fluzone for over 6 months. (fluvirin >4yrs and fluarix >3yrs, and afluria >9yrs)
Intranasal not currently recommened
Optimal time to vaccinate is as soon as the vaccine is available in early fall.
Two doses are recommended for children under 9yrs who did not recieve two doses in
the past.
Non type 1 egg allergies can still recieve the vaccine, type 1 egg allergies may be
eligible after allergist assessment.
Adverse affects - few have fever, malaise, and myalgia.
, MMR vaccine -
Answer-Given in two doses. Can cause febrile
seizures.
Two vaccines available: MMR II and MMRV(MMR and varicella combo). MMRV only for
> 1 year old, has higher occurrence of febrile seizures.
Ig interfere with immune response - vaccination should be deferred for 3-11 moths after
Ig administration.
Contraindicated in pregnant women or women intending to become pregnant within 28
days, immunocompromised.
Contraindicated in children receiving high dose corticosteroid therapy (except
replacement therapy).
Adverse effects: fever. febrile seizures, transient thrombocytopenia, arthalgia, measles
inclusion body encephalitis.
Varicella vaccine -
Answer-Prevention or decreased severity of Varicella (chickenpox) Given in two doses -
alone or with MMR
Live virus vaccines - contraindicated in children who have acquired treatment related
cellular immunodeficiencies or congenital T cell abnormalities. (can be given to HIV
infected children who are not severely immunosuppresed)
Should not be given to pregnant women, however a pregnant family member is not a
reason to withhold vaccine in a child.
Personal or family Febrile seizure history is a precaution
Adverse effects- minor site reactions.
Hepatitis A vaccine -
Answer-Two dose schedule between 12 and 23 months, 6 months apart.
Formulas - Havrix, Vaqta. Combo with Heb B- Twinrix.
Precaution to vaccination include pregnancy and moderate to severe acute illness.
Adverse effects - uncommon and mild. Pain, swelling, and induration at injection site,
headache and loss of appetite.
Development 1-2 Months -
Answer-Observed: Holds head erect/lifts head
Turns side to back
Regards faces and follows objects through visual field
Drops toys
Becomes alert in response to voice
Related:
Recognizes parents
Engages in vocalizations
Smiles spontaneously
Development 3-5 Months -
Answer-Observed: Grasps cube - first ulnar and
later thumb opposition Reaches for and brings
objects to mouth Raspberry sounds
Sits with support
VERIFIED ANSWERS)FREQUENTLY MOST TESTED QUESTIONS |
ALREADY PASSED!!
Laws related to administering vaccines: VIS -
Answer-All vaccine providers, public or private, are required by the National Vaccine
Childhood Injury Act to give the appropriate VIS to the patient (or parent or legal
representative) prior to every dose of specific vaccines.
The appropriate VIS must be given prior to the vaccination, and must be given prior to
each dose of a multi-dose series. It must be given regardless of the age of the recipient.
What is required to be recorded in the medical record? -
Answer-The edition date of the VIS (found on the back at the right bottom corner).
The date the VIS is provided (i.e., the date of the visit when the vaccine is
administered).
The office address and name and title of the person who administers the vaccine.
The date the vaccine is administered.
The vaccine manufacturer and lot number.
Vaccines at birth -
Answer-Hep B
Vaccines at 4 months -
Answer-D - Dtap R - Rotovirus
H - HIB
I - IPV
P - PCV
Vaccines at 2 months -
Answer-B - Hep B D - Dtap
R - Rotovirus
H - HIB
I - IPV
P - PCV
Vaccines at 6 months -
Answer-B - Hep B D - Dtap
R - Rotovirus
H - HIB
I - IPV
P - PCV
Vaccines at 12-15 months -
Answer-M - MMR A - HepA
D - Dtap
,H - HIB
P - PCV
V- Varicella
Vaccines at 4-6 years -
Answer-VERY - Varicella D - DTAP
I - IPV
M - MMR
Active immunity -
Answer-Resistance developed in response to infection with an agent resulting in
antibody production. Active immunity is usually permanent. Can be either naturally
acquired through exposure and infection with the disease or artificially acquired
through immunization. Onset is 2-4 weeks and duration is years to lifetime.
Passive Immunity -
Answer-A person is given antibodies to a disease rather than producing them through his
or her own immune system. This is short term immunity through introduction of
antibodies to a disease. Can occur naturally as in the passage of antibodies from the
mother to the fetus during pregnancy or artificially acquired through injection of
antibodies such as gamma globulin. Onset is within 24 hours of the dose and duration
is about 4-6 months.
Herd Immunity -
Answer-This occurs when a significant portion of the population is vaccinated and that
provides a portion of immunity for those that have not developed immunity. The
population (herd) helps prevent disease in the unprotected population. The herd
protects those who can not safely get vaccinations. Generally 90 -95% of the population
should be to be vaccinated to have effective Herd immunity.
Hep B Vaccine -
Answer-3 dose schedule: 1st Should be given within 24 hours of birth (12 hours if
mother + or unknown HBsAg status). 2nd at 2 months and 3rd at 6 months. Low rate of
adverse events.
Contraindications: Do not give to anyone with serious allergic reaction to yeast.
Can be solo vaccine (engerix-B/Recombivax HB) or combined with Dtap & IPV
(pediarix)
Rotavirus Vaccine -
Answer-Rotavirus is the most common cause of severe gastroenteritis among young
children.
Two vaccines available - RV5 (Rotateq) and RV1 (Rotarix).
RV5 is 3 dose schedule at 2, 4, 6 months. RV1 is 2 dose schedule at 2 & 4 months.
Risks and contraindications: Risk of intussusception, should not be given to infants with
history. RV1 should not be given to infants with severe latex allergy (package is latex).
Both vaccines are contraindicated in SCID. Should be deferred in infants with acute
moderate to sever gastroenteritis.
DTaP Vaccine -
Answer-For prevention of diphtheria, tetanus, and pertussis (whooping cough)
Can be in combo with IPV & HepB, combo with IPV & HIB, or combo with IPV.
,Should be deferred in individuals with progressive neuromuscular disorders until neuro
status is clarified and stabilized.
Moderate to severe systemic effects: fever, inconsolable crying, hypotonic-
hyporesponsive episodes.
HIB Vaccine -
Answer-Haemophilus influenzae type B - causes a wide spectrum of serious infections
bacterial illnesses, particularly in young children, including meningitis, epiglottitis,
pneumonia, septic arthritis, and cellulitis. Can be solo vaccine or combo with Dtap and
IPV. Given as series of 3 or 4 doses (depending on formula) OMP is 3 - T is 4. Not
recommended in children over 5 yrs
Should not be given to infants under 6 weeks
Adverse effects are uncommon.
Pneumococcal vaccine -
Answer-Streptococcus pneumoniae - leading cause of invasive bacterial disease in
children, causes febrile bacteremia, bacterial sepsis, meningitis, and pneumonia. Also a
common cause of otitis media and sinusitis. Two vaccines in use: PCV13 and PCV23
(only 2yrs and older).
PCV13 given in 4 doses.
Both vaccines should be deferred during moderate or severe acute illness with or
without fever.
Adverse effects: fever, injection site reactions, irritabilit, and increased or decreased
sleep.
Not proven - when given in conjunction with flu vaccine increased risk of febrile
seizures.
Poliomyelitis -
Answer-Polioviruses cause acute flaccid paralysis via destruction of the motor neurons.
IPV only vaccine available in the US, CANNOT cause polio.
Can be combined wth Dtap, Hep B, or HIB.
4 Dose series
Contraindications/Precautions: Should be deferred during moderate to severe illnesses
with or without fever. Pregnancy is a precaution.
No serious adverse reactions described.
Influenza -
Answer-Occurs each winter-early spring, often associated with significant morbidity and
mortality in certain high risk groups.
Annual vaccination is recommended for all persons over 6 months.
Fluzone for over 6 months. (fluvirin >4yrs and fluarix >3yrs, and afluria >9yrs)
Intranasal not currently recommened
Optimal time to vaccinate is as soon as the vaccine is available in early fall.
Two doses are recommended for children under 9yrs who did not recieve two doses in
the past.
Non type 1 egg allergies can still recieve the vaccine, type 1 egg allergies may be
eligible after allergist assessment.
Adverse affects - few have fever, malaise, and myalgia.
, MMR vaccine -
Answer-Given in two doses. Can cause febrile
seizures.
Two vaccines available: MMR II and MMRV(MMR and varicella combo). MMRV only for
> 1 year old, has higher occurrence of febrile seizures.
Ig interfere with immune response - vaccination should be deferred for 3-11 moths after
Ig administration.
Contraindicated in pregnant women or women intending to become pregnant within 28
days, immunocompromised.
Contraindicated in children receiving high dose corticosteroid therapy (except
replacement therapy).
Adverse effects: fever. febrile seizures, transient thrombocytopenia, arthalgia, measles
inclusion body encephalitis.
Varicella vaccine -
Answer-Prevention or decreased severity of Varicella (chickenpox) Given in two doses -
alone or with MMR
Live virus vaccines - contraindicated in children who have acquired treatment related
cellular immunodeficiencies or congenital T cell abnormalities. (can be given to HIV
infected children who are not severely immunosuppresed)
Should not be given to pregnant women, however a pregnant family member is not a
reason to withhold vaccine in a child.
Personal or family Febrile seizure history is a precaution
Adverse effects- minor site reactions.
Hepatitis A vaccine -
Answer-Two dose schedule between 12 and 23 months, 6 months apart.
Formulas - Havrix, Vaqta. Combo with Heb B- Twinrix.
Precaution to vaccination include pregnancy and moderate to severe acute illness.
Adverse effects - uncommon and mild. Pain, swelling, and induration at injection site,
headache and loss of appetite.
Development 1-2 Months -
Answer-Observed: Holds head erect/lifts head
Turns side to back
Regards faces and follows objects through visual field
Drops toys
Becomes alert in response to voice
Related:
Recognizes parents
Engages in vocalizations
Smiles spontaneously
Development 3-5 Months -
Answer-Observed: Grasps cube - first ulnar and
later thumb opposition Reaches for and brings
objects to mouth Raspberry sounds
Sits with support
