McCance Pathophysiology Chapter 14
- Cancer & Children Final Exam
Questions and All Correct Answers.
What congenital malformation is commonly linked to acute leukemia in children?
a. Down syndrome
b. Wilms tumor
c. Retinoblastoma
d. Neuroblastoma - Answer ANS: A
Trisomy 21 (Down syndrome) is the most common genetic defect linked to the development of
acute leukemia. Children with
Down syndrome have a 10- to 20-fold increased risk of developing acute lymphoblastic and
myelogenous leukemia and a higher
risk for developing acute megakaryocytic
When are childhood cancers most often diagnosed?
a. During infancy
b. At peak times of physical growth
c. After diagnosis of a chronic illness
d. After an acute illness - Answer ANS: B
Childhood cancers are most often diagnosed during peak times of physical growth. No current
research supports the association
between frequency of diagnosis and infancy, chronic illness, or acute illness.
Prenatal exposure to diethylstilbestrol (DES) can result in which type of cancer?
a. Breast cancer
b. Leukemia
c. Vaginal cancer
d. Lymphoma - Answer ANS: C
DES has been identified as a transplacental chemical carcinogen; a small percentage of the
daughters of women who took DES
during pregnancy developed adenocarcinomas of the vagina. No current research supports a
, a. 40%
b. 50%
c. 60%
d. 85% - Answer ANS: D
Currently, more than 85% of children diagnosed with cancer are cured.
What do most childhood cancers arise from?
a. Epithelium
b. Mesodermal germ layer
c. Embryologic ectodermal layer
d. Viscera - Answer ANS: B
Most childhood cancers originate from the mesodermal germ layer that gives rise to connective
tissue, bone, cartilage, muscle,
blood, blood vessels, gonads, kidney, and the lymphatic system. The epithelium, embryologic
ectodermal layer, and the viscera are
not common sites from which cancers originate.
Which form of cancer is linked to congenital malformation syndromes?
a. Wilms tumor
b. Retinoblastoma
c. Osteosarcoma
d. Rhabdomyosarcoma - Answer ANS: A
Wilms tumors are linked with other genetically linked childhood cancers. It is the only form
among the available options that is
associated with congenital malformation syndromes.
Research data support a carcinogenic relationship in children resulting from exposure to which
virus?
a. Herpes simplex virus
b. Influenza
c. Varicella-zoster virus
d. Epstein-Barr virus - Answer ANS: D
- Cancer & Children Final Exam
Questions and All Correct Answers.
What congenital malformation is commonly linked to acute leukemia in children?
a. Down syndrome
b. Wilms tumor
c. Retinoblastoma
d. Neuroblastoma - Answer ANS: A
Trisomy 21 (Down syndrome) is the most common genetic defect linked to the development of
acute leukemia. Children with
Down syndrome have a 10- to 20-fold increased risk of developing acute lymphoblastic and
myelogenous leukemia and a higher
risk for developing acute megakaryocytic
When are childhood cancers most often diagnosed?
a. During infancy
b. At peak times of physical growth
c. After diagnosis of a chronic illness
d. After an acute illness - Answer ANS: B
Childhood cancers are most often diagnosed during peak times of physical growth. No current
research supports the association
between frequency of diagnosis and infancy, chronic illness, or acute illness.
Prenatal exposure to diethylstilbestrol (DES) can result in which type of cancer?
a. Breast cancer
b. Leukemia
c. Vaginal cancer
d. Lymphoma - Answer ANS: C
DES has been identified as a transplacental chemical carcinogen; a small percentage of the
daughters of women who took DES
during pregnancy developed adenocarcinomas of the vagina. No current research supports a
, a. 40%
b. 50%
c. 60%
d. 85% - Answer ANS: D
Currently, more than 85% of children diagnosed with cancer are cured.
What do most childhood cancers arise from?
a. Epithelium
b. Mesodermal germ layer
c. Embryologic ectodermal layer
d. Viscera - Answer ANS: B
Most childhood cancers originate from the mesodermal germ layer that gives rise to connective
tissue, bone, cartilage, muscle,
blood, blood vessels, gonads, kidney, and the lymphatic system. The epithelium, embryologic
ectodermal layer, and the viscera are
not common sites from which cancers originate.
Which form of cancer is linked to congenital malformation syndromes?
a. Wilms tumor
b. Retinoblastoma
c. Osteosarcoma
d. Rhabdomyosarcoma - Answer ANS: A
Wilms tumors are linked with other genetically linked childhood cancers. It is the only form
among the available options that is
associated with congenital malformation syndromes.
Research data support a carcinogenic relationship in children resulting from exposure to which
virus?
a. Herpes simplex virus
b. Influenza
c. Varicella-zoster virus
d. Epstein-Barr virus - Answer ANS: D
