CMN 568 FINAL EXAM WITH CORRECT
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 2025
Incidence of Fever - CORRECT-ANSWERSOne of most common reasons for parents
to seek medical care.
Preschoolers have an average 6-8 febrile illnesses a year.
Definition of fever - CORRECT-ANSWERSRectal temperature ≥ 100.4°F
Tympanic temperature - CORRECT-ANSWERSNot accurate in infants under 3 months
Fever Causes - CORRECT-ANSWERSMost common Benign viral illness, can also
caused by bacterial or fungal infections, drug reactions including immunizations,
malignancies, autoimmune or metabolic disorders, CNS disorders, excessive
environmental temperatures.
,Factors that increase likelihood of serious bacterial illness - CORRECT-ANSWERSAge
under 3 months, history of prematurity, chronic medical conditions such as
immunosupression or aspenia, previous hospitalizations, daycare. Toxic appearance
Non-Toxic appearance - CORRECT-ANSWERSStrong cry
Consolable
Alert and easy to arouse
Pink skin tones
Good hydration; good turgor, tears, moist mucous membranes
Smiles, responsive to environment
Toxic appearance - CORRECT-ANSWERSWeak or high pitched cry
Inconsolable
Difficult to arouse
Pale, ashen, cyanotic, or mottled skin tones
,Poor hydration; poor turgor, dry mucous membranes, no tears
No smile, listless, dull, infant won't alert to environment
Signs of serious illness - CORRECT-ANSWERSFever greater than 40 (105)
Nuchal rigidity
Petechial skin rash
Seizure activity
Stridor or increased WOB
Physical exam signs of serious infection: Skin - CORRECT-ANSWERSPetechiae, rashes
Physical exam signs of serious infection: head/neck - CORRECT-ANSWERSSunken or
bulging fontanelles, nuchal rigidity
Physical exam signs of serious infection: ears - CORRECT-ANSWERSBulging TM,
AOM, mastoiditis
, Physical exam signs of serious infection: Chest - CORRECT-ANSWERSTachypnea,
wheezing, rales, rhonchi
Physical exam signs of serious infection: Heart - CORRECT-ANSWERSMurmurs
Physical exam signs of serious infection: Abdomen - CORRECT-ANSWERSTenderness,
distension
Physical exam signs of serious infection: Musculoskeletal - CORRECT-
ANSWERSRefusal to bear weight or use an extremity, erythema/warmth over joint
Diagnostic tests for fever in infant and young child - CORRECT-ANSWERSCBC w/ Diff
(WBC > 15,000 may indicate SBI. Child with overwhelming sepsis my have WBC
<5,000)
UA/ C&S: R/O UTI
CXR: R/O Pneumonia
Lumbar Puncture: R/O meningitis
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 2025
Incidence of Fever - CORRECT-ANSWERSOne of most common reasons for parents
to seek medical care.
Preschoolers have an average 6-8 febrile illnesses a year.
Definition of fever - CORRECT-ANSWERSRectal temperature ≥ 100.4°F
Tympanic temperature - CORRECT-ANSWERSNot accurate in infants under 3 months
Fever Causes - CORRECT-ANSWERSMost common Benign viral illness, can also
caused by bacterial or fungal infections, drug reactions including immunizations,
malignancies, autoimmune or metabolic disorders, CNS disorders, excessive
environmental temperatures.
,Factors that increase likelihood of serious bacterial illness - CORRECT-ANSWERSAge
under 3 months, history of prematurity, chronic medical conditions such as
immunosupression or aspenia, previous hospitalizations, daycare. Toxic appearance
Non-Toxic appearance - CORRECT-ANSWERSStrong cry
Consolable
Alert and easy to arouse
Pink skin tones
Good hydration; good turgor, tears, moist mucous membranes
Smiles, responsive to environment
Toxic appearance - CORRECT-ANSWERSWeak or high pitched cry
Inconsolable
Difficult to arouse
Pale, ashen, cyanotic, or mottled skin tones
,Poor hydration; poor turgor, dry mucous membranes, no tears
No smile, listless, dull, infant won't alert to environment
Signs of serious illness - CORRECT-ANSWERSFever greater than 40 (105)
Nuchal rigidity
Petechial skin rash
Seizure activity
Stridor or increased WOB
Physical exam signs of serious infection: Skin - CORRECT-ANSWERSPetechiae, rashes
Physical exam signs of serious infection: head/neck - CORRECT-ANSWERSSunken or
bulging fontanelles, nuchal rigidity
Physical exam signs of serious infection: ears - CORRECT-ANSWERSBulging TM,
AOM, mastoiditis
, Physical exam signs of serious infection: Chest - CORRECT-ANSWERSTachypnea,
wheezing, rales, rhonchi
Physical exam signs of serious infection: Heart - CORRECT-ANSWERSMurmurs
Physical exam signs of serious infection: Abdomen - CORRECT-ANSWERSTenderness,
distension
Physical exam signs of serious infection: Musculoskeletal - CORRECT-
ANSWERSRefusal to bear weight or use an extremity, erythema/warmth over joint
Diagnostic tests for fever in infant and young child - CORRECT-ANSWERSCBC w/ Diff
(WBC > 15,000 may indicate SBI. Child with overwhelming sepsis my have WBC
<5,000)
UA/ C&S: R/O UTI
CXR: R/O Pneumonia
Lumbar Puncture: R/O meningitis
