ATI-Diabetes Mellitus Exam 2025 Chamberlain
University Verified Full Length Exam With Detailed
Answers 100% Accurate Spring-Summer
A nurse is caring for a client who has blood glucose of 52 mg/dL. The client is lethargic but arousable. Which of the following
actions should the nurse perform first?
A. Recheck blood glucose in 15 min.
B. Provide a carbohydrate and protein food.
C. Provide 4 oz grape juice.
D. Report findings to the provider.
C. The client's acute need for a rapidly absorbed carbohydrate, such as grape juice, takes priority when treating the blood
glucose of 52 mg/dL.
A nurse instructing a patient about the use of an insulin pump should explain that the risk of DKA increases with the use of a
pump because:
A. The pump must be removed for bathing
B. Insulin is injected continuously
C. The pump uses intermediate acting insulin
D. The tubing could become occluded
D. Malfunctioning of the pump from low battery power, occlusion of tubing or needles, or lack of insulin in the pump
increases the risk of DKA.
A nurse is instructing a patient newly diagnosed with type 2 DM about the biguanide she has been prescribed, which is
Metformin. The nuse should explain that this type of medication acts by:
A. Reducing hepatic glucose production
B. Delaying carbohydrate digestion
C. Increasing the cellular response to insulin
D. Increasing insulin secretion by the pancreas
A. Biguanides reduce hepatic glucose production while increasing insulin action on muscle glucose uptake
,A nurse is reviewing self administration of insulin using a prefilled pen administration system with a patient who started
using it the previous week. The patient asks what he can do to reduce discomfort. The nurse teaches:
A. Agitate the syringe slightly before injection
B. Store pens with needle pointing upward
C. Insert needle slowly
D. Keep pen at room temperature for a few minutes
D. Injecting cold insulin can be painful
The nurse is reviewing results of a lab test performed as part of a 50yo woman's annual physical. The nurse notes a blood
glucose level of 120 mg/dl. The nurse should determine this as an abnormal result for a:
A. Casual bg measurement
B. Fasting bg measurement
C. Glycosylated Hemoglobin measurement
D. 2 hour measurement for oral glucose
B. This result exceeds the acceptable range of 70 - 105
A nurse is preparing to administer a morning dose of rapid acting insulin (NovoLog) to a client who has type 1 diabetes
mellitus. Which of the following is an appropriate action by the nurse?
A. Check the client's blood glucose immediately after breakfast.
B. Administer the insulin when breakfast arrives.
C. Hold breakfast for 1 hr after insulin administration.
D. Clarify the prescription because insulin should not be administered at this time.
B. Administer rapid acting insulin when breakfast arrives to avoid a hypoglycemic episode.Aspart insulin is rapid-acting, and
should be administered 5 to 10 min before breakfast.
A nurse is preparing to administer the morning doses of glargine (Lantus) insulin and regular (Humulin R) insulin to a client
who has a blood glucose of 278 mg/dL. Which of the following is an appropriate nursing action?
A. Draw up the regular insulin and then the glargine insulin in the same syringe.
,B. Draw up the glargine insulin then the regular insulin in the same syringe.
C. Draw up and administer regular and glargine insulin in separate syringes.
D. Administer the regular insulin, wait 1 hr, and then administer the glargine insulin.
C. Administer each insulin as a separate injection. These insulins are not compatible and should not be drawn up in the same
syringe.
A nurse is presenting information to a group of clients about nutrition habits that prevent type 2 diabetes mellitus. Which of
the following should the nurse include in the information? (Select all that apply.)
A. Eat less meat and processed foods.
B. Decrease intake of saturated fats.
C. Increase daily fiber intake.
D. Limit saturated fat intake to 15% of daily caloric intake.
E. Include omega-3 fatty acids in the diet.
A. Limit meats and processed foods, which can prevent diabetes and hyperlipidemia.
B. Lower LDL by decreasing intake of saturated fats, which can prevent diabetes and hyperlipidemia.
C. Increase dietary fiber to control weight gain and decrease the risk of diabetes and hyperlipidemia.
E. Include omega-3 fatty acids for secondary prevention of diabetes and heart disease.
.
A nurse is teaching foot care to a client who has diabetes mellitus. Which of the following information should the nurse
include in the teaching? (Select all that apply.)
A. Remove calluses using over-the-counter remedies.
B. Apply lotion between toes.
C. Perform nail care after bathing.
D. Trim toenails straight across.
E. Wear closed-toe shoes.
C. Perform nail care after bathing, when toenails are soft and easier to trim.
D. Trim toenails straight across to prevent injury to soft tissue of the toes.
E. Wear closed-toe shoes to prevent injury to soft tissue of the toes and feet.
, An acute, life-threatening condition characterized by hyperglycemia(greater than 300 mg/dL) resulting in the breakdown of
body fat for energy and an accumulation of
ketones in the blood and urine.
Diabetic Ketoacidosis
True or False?
Diabetic Ketoacidosis has a slow onset and a high mortality rate.
False!
The onset is rapid, and the mortality rate of DKA is less than 5%.
An acute, life-threatening condition characterized by
profound hyperglycemia (greater than 600 mg/dL), that leads to dehydration, and an absence of ketosis.
Hyperglycemic-hyperosmolar state (HHS)
True or False?
Hyperglycemic-hyperosmolar state (HHS) has a gradual onset over several days, and if left untreated can lead to coma and
death.
True!
What are some risk factors associated with Diabetic Ketoacidosis? Name three
- Lack of sufficient insulin related to undiagnosed or untreated type 1 diabetes mellitus
- Nonadherence to a diabetic regimen
- Reduced or missed dose of insulin
- Any condition that increases carbohydrate metabolism, such as physical or emotional stress, illness, infection (No. 1 cause
of DKA), surgery, or trauma that requires an increased need for insulin
- Increased hormone production (e.g., cortisol, glucagon, epinephrine) stimulates the liver to produce glucose and decreases
the effect of insulin.
What are some risk factors associated with Hyperglycemic-hyperosmolar state (HHS)? Name three.
University Verified Full Length Exam With Detailed
Answers 100% Accurate Spring-Summer
A nurse is caring for a client who has blood glucose of 52 mg/dL. The client is lethargic but arousable. Which of the following
actions should the nurse perform first?
A. Recheck blood glucose in 15 min.
B. Provide a carbohydrate and protein food.
C. Provide 4 oz grape juice.
D. Report findings to the provider.
C. The client's acute need for a rapidly absorbed carbohydrate, such as grape juice, takes priority when treating the blood
glucose of 52 mg/dL.
A nurse instructing a patient about the use of an insulin pump should explain that the risk of DKA increases with the use of a
pump because:
A. The pump must be removed for bathing
B. Insulin is injected continuously
C. The pump uses intermediate acting insulin
D. The tubing could become occluded
D. Malfunctioning of the pump from low battery power, occlusion of tubing or needles, or lack of insulin in the pump
increases the risk of DKA.
A nurse is instructing a patient newly diagnosed with type 2 DM about the biguanide she has been prescribed, which is
Metformin. The nuse should explain that this type of medication acts by:
A. Reducing hepatic glucose production
B. Delaying carbohydrate digestion
C. Increasing the cellular response to insulin
D. Increasing insulin secretion by the pancreas
A. Biguanides reduce hepatic glucose production while increasing insulin action on muscle glucose uptake
,A nurse is reviewing self administration of insulin using a prefilled pen administration system with a patient who started
using it the previous week. The patient asks what he can do to reduce discomfort. The nurse teaches:
A. Agitate the syringe slightly before injection
B. Store pens with needle pointing upward
C. Insert needle slowly
D. Keep pen at room temperature for a few minutes
D. Injecting cold insulin can be painful
The nurse is reviewing results of a lab test performed as part of a 50yo woman's annual physical. The nurse notes a blood
glucose level of 120 mg/dl. The nurse should determine this as an abnormal result for a:
A. Casual bg measurement
B. Fasting bg measurement
C. Glycosylated Hemoglobin measurement
D. 2 hour measurement for oral glucose
B. This result exceeds the acceptable range of 70 - 105
A nurse is preparing to administer a morning dose of rapid acting insulin (NovoLog) to a client who has type 1 diabetes
mellitus. Which of the following is an appropriate action by the nurse?
A. Check the client's blood glucose immediately after breakfast.
B. Administer the insulin when breakfast arrives.
C. Hold breakfast for 1 hr after insulin administration.
D. Clarify the prescription because insulin should not be administered at this time.
B. Administer rapid acting insulin when breakfast arrives to avoid a hypoglycemic episode.Aspart insulin is rapid-acting, and
should be administered 5 to 10 min before breakfast.
A nurse is preparing to administer the morning doses of glargine (Lantus) insulin and regular (Humulin R) insulin to a client
who has a blood glucose of 278 mg/dL. Which of the following is an appropriate nursing action?
A. Draw up the regular insulin and then the glargine insulin in the same syringe.
,B. Draw up the glargine insulin then the regular insulin in the same syringe.
C. Draw up and administer regular and glargine insulin in separate syringes.
D. Administer the regular insulin, wait 1 hr, and then administer the glargine insulin.
C. Administer each insulin as a separate injection. These insulins are not compatible and should not be drawn up in the same
syringe.
A nurse is presenting information to a group of clients about nutrition habits that prevent type 2 diabetes mellitus. Which of
the following should the nurse include in the information? (Select all that apply.)
A. Eat less meat and processed foods.
B. Decrease intake of saturated fats.
C. Increase daily fiber intake.
D. Limit saturated fat intake to 15% of daily caloric intake.
E. Include omega-3 fatty acids in the diet.
A. Limit meats and processed foods, which can prevent diabetes and hyperlipidemia.
B. Lower LDL by decreasing intake of saturated fats, which can prevent diabetes and hyperlipidemia.
C. Increase dietary fiber to control weight gain and decrease the risk of diabetes and hyperlipidemia.
E. Include omega-3 fatty acids for secondary prevention of diabetes and heart disease.
.
A nurse is teaching foot care to a client who has diabetes mellitus. Which of the following information should the nurse
include in the teaching? (Select all that apply.)
A. Remove calluses using over-the-counter remedies.
B. Apply lotion between toes.
C. Perform nail care after bathing.
D. Trim toenails straight across.
E. Wear closed-toe shoes.
C. Perform nail care after bathing, when toenails are soft and easier to trim.
D. Trim toenails straight across to prevent injury to soft tissue of the toes.
E. Wear closed-toe shoes to prevent injury to soft tissue of the toes and feet.
, An acute, life-threatening condition characterized by hyperglycemia(greater than 300 mg/dL) resulting in the breakdown of
body fat for energy and an accumulation of
ketones in the blood and urine.
Diabetic Ketoacidosis
True or False?
Diabetic Ketoacidosis has a slow onset and a high mortality rate.
False!
The onset is rapid, and the mortality rate of DKA is less than 5%.
An acute, life-threatening condition characterized by
profound hyperglycemia (greater than 600 mg/dL), that leads to dehydration, and an absence of ketosis.
Hyperglycemic-hyperosmolar state (HHS)
True or False?
Hyperglycemic-hyperosmolar state (HHS) has a gradual onset over several days, and if left untreated can lead to coma and
death.
True!
What are some risk factors associated with Diabetic Ketoacidosis? Name three
- Lack of sufficient insulin related to undiagnosed or untreated type 1 diabetes mellitus
- Nonadherence to a diabetic regimen
- Reduced or missed dose of insulin
- Any condition that increases carbohydrate metabolism, such as physical or emotional stress, illness, infection (No. 1 cause
of DKA), surgery, or trauma that requires an increased need for insulin
- Increased hormone production (e.g., cortisol, glucagon, epinephrine) stimulates the liver to produce glucose and decreases
the effect of insulin.
What are some risk factors associated with Hyperglycemic-hyperosmolar state (HHS)? Name three.
