2025/2026 TOP 50 CYBERSECURITY
QUESTIONS AND DETAILED CORRECT
ANSWERS | A+ GRADE VERIFIED
ANSWERS
What is a three-way handshake process? Correct Answer
A three-way handshake process is used in TCP
(Transmission Control Protocol) network for transmission
of data in a reliable way between the host and the client.
It's called a three-way handshake because three
segments are exchanged between the server and the
client.
SYN: The client wants to establish a connection with the
server, and sends a segment with SYN(Synchronize
Sequence Number) to the server if the server is up and
has open ports.
SYN + ACK: The server responds to the client request
with SYN-ACK signal bits set if it has open ports.
ACK: The client acknowledges the response of a server
and sends an ACK(Acknowledgment) packet back to the
server.
What are HTTP response codes? Correct Answer HTTP
response codes display whether a particular HTTP
request has been completed.
1xx (Informational) - The request has been received, and
the process is continuing.
,2xx (Success) - The request was successfully received
and accepted.
3xx (Redirection) - Further action must be taken to
complete it.
4xx (Client Error) - Request cannot be fulfilled or has
incorrect syntax.
5xx (Server Error) - The server fails to fulfill the request.
What are the techniques used in preventing a Brute Force
Attack? Correct Answer Brute Force Attack is a trial and
error method that is employed for application programs to
decode encrypted data such as data encryption keys or
passwords using brute force rather than using intellectual
strategies. It's a way to identify the right credentials by
repetitively attempting all the possible methods.
Brute Force attacks can be avoided by the following
practices:
Adding password complexity: Include different formats of
characters to make passwords stronger.
Limit login attempts: set a limit on login failures.
Two-factor authentication: Add this layer of security to
avoid brute force attacks.
List the common types of cybersecurity attacks. Correct
Answer The following are the most common types of
cybersecurity attacks:
Malware
SQL Injection Attack
Cross-Site Scripting (XSS)
Denial-of-Service (DoS)
Man-in-the-Middle Attacks
, Credential Reuse
Phishing
Session Hijacking
Define data leakage and its types? Correct Answer Data
Leakage refers to the illegal transmission of data to an
external destination or unauthorized entity within an
organization. It can transfer data either physically or
electronically. It usually occurs via the web, emails, and
mobile data storage devices.
Types of data leakage:
1. The Accidental Breach - Majority of data leakage
incidents are accidental.
Ex: An entity may choose the wrong recipient while
sending confidential data.
2. The Disgruntled or ill-intentioned Employee - The
authorized entity sends confidential data to an
unauthorized body.
3. Electronic Communications with Malicious Intent - The
problem is all the electronic mediums are capable of file
transferring and external access sources over the internet.
What is the use of Traceroute? Correct Answer A
Traceroute is a network diagnostic tool, used for tracking
the pathway of an IP network from source to destination. It
records the period of each hop the packet makes while its
route to its destination.
How to prevent CSRF attacks? Correct Answer CSRF is
referred to as Cross-site Request Forgery, where an
QUESTIONS AND DETAILED CORRECT
ANSWERS | A+ GRADE VERIFIED
ANSWERS
What is a three-way handshake process? Correct Answer
A three-way handshake process is used in TCP
(Transmission Control Protocol) network for transmission
of data in a reliable way between the host and the client.
It's called a three-way handshake because three
segments are exchanged between the server and the
client.
SYN: The client wants to establish a connection with the
server, and sends a segment with SYN(Synchronize
Sequence Number) to the server if the server is up and
has open ports.
SYN + ACK: The server responds to the client request
with SYN-ACK signal bits set if it has open ports.
ACK: The client acknowledges the response of a server
and sends an ACK(Acknowledgment) packet back to the
server.
What are HTTP response codes? Correct Answer HTTP
response codes display whether a particular HTTP
request has been completed.
1xx (Informational) - The request has been received, and
the process is continuing.
,2xx (Success) - The request was successfully received
and accepted.
3xx (Redirection) - Further action must be taken to
complete it.
4xx (Client Error) - Request cannot be fulfilled or has
incorrect syntax.
5xx (Server Error) - The server fails to fulfill the request.
What are the techniques used in preventing a Brute Force
Attack? Correct Answer Brute Force Attack is a trial and
error method that is employed for application programs to
decode encrypted data such as data encryption keys or
passwords using brute force rather than using intellectual
strategies. It's a way to identify the right credentials by
repetitively attempting all the possible methods.
Brute Force attacks can be avoided by the following
practices:
Adding password complexity: Include different formats of
characters to make passwords stronger.
Limit login attempts: set a limit on login failures.
Two-factor authentication: Add this layer of security to
avoid brute force attacks.
List the common types of cybersecurity attacks. Correct
Answer The following are the most common types of
cybersecurity attacks:
Malware
SQL Injection Attack
Cross-Site Scripting (XSS)
Denial-of-Service (DoS)
Man-in-the-Middle Attacks
, Credential Reuse
Phishing
Session Hijacking
Define data leakage and its types? Correct Answer Data
Leakage refers to the illegal transmission of data to an
external destination or unauthorized entity within an
organization. It can transfer data either physically or
electronically. It usually occurs via the web, emails, and
mobile data storage devices.
Types of data leakage:
1. The Accidental Breach - Majority of data leakage
incidents are accidental.
Ex: An entity may choose the wrong recipient while
sending confidential data.
2. The Disgruntled or ill-intentioned Employee - The
authorized entity sends confidential data to an
unauthorized body.
3. Electronic Communications with Malicious Intent - The
problem is all the electronic mediums are capable of file
transferring and external access sources over the internet.
What is the use of Traceroute? Correct Answer A
Traceroute is a network diagnostic tool, used for tracking
the pathway of an IP network from source to destination. It
records the period of each hop the packet makes while its
route to its destination.
How to prevent CSRF attacks? Correct Answer CSRF is
referred to as Cross-site Request Forgery, where an
