100% Correct and Verified Answers
2025\2026 Set.
Schizophrenia - Answer major psychotic disorder.
characterized by disturbances in:
perception
feeling
thought process
reality testing
attention
motivation
behavior
Types of schizophrenia - Answer positive and negative
Positive (Type 1) Symptoms of Schizophrenia - Answer addition.
florid and dramatic Symptoms(hallucinations ,delusions )
Excessive dopamine , abnormal thoughts agitation, delusions
Grandiosity
hostility
Suspicious
hallucinations, delusions, abnormal thoughts, agitation, bizarre behavior, excitement, hostility)
ØExcessive dopamine in the mesolimbic tract
Negative (Type 2) Symptoms of Schizophrenia - Answer subtraction
subtle symptom, ex: apathy, anxiety, anhedonia (loss of pleasure).
social withdrawal
failure to communicate
flattened affect, avolition, alogia, anergia, attention deficits, communication difficulties,
difficulty with abstractions, poverty of speech)
, role of stress: onset and relapse are almost always related to stress: Onset and relapse are
almost always related to stress.
Efficacy of dopamine antagonists: Drugs that block dopamine receptors are therapeutic.
Schizophrenia : objective signs - Answer alteration in personal relationship(withdrawal)
alteration in activity and behavior(echopraxia).
Etiology schizo - Answer dopamine hypothesis.
brain atrophy.
genetic theories.
perinatal risk factor.
developmental theories:
Freud:
Chlorpromazine (Thorazine) - Answer considered the first antipsychotic drug.
major tranquilizers, ataractics
Traditional - Answer first-generation antipsychotics (FGAs)
Atypical - Answer second-generation antipsychotics (SGAs)
Atypical - Answer third-generation antipsychotics (TGAs)
Clozapine (Clozaril) - Answer -Antipsychotic medication
- Want to watch for tachycardia and seizures
- May cause severe agranulocytosis (weekly blood draws)
Olanzapine (zyprexa) - Answer Antipsychotic meds.
monitor bp, Orthostatic Hypotension, weight loss or gain. Tachycardia , seizure.
Quetiapine (Seroquel) - Answer Antipsychotic, mood stabilizers