1. In a few sentences, summarize Darwin's theory of natural selection.
The theory posited that the number of offspring is higher than an
environment can actually sustain, therefore organisms with more
desirable traits would survive.
2. Match each description to the correct term using these words:
Zebrafish, worms, Fruit fly, Mice
• Can be "humanized" - Mice
• Extremely inexpensive and extremely short life span – Fruit fly
• Transparent egg and embryo - Zebrafish
• Simple nervous system that is easy to research - Worms
3. Name 2 types of animal models that are used for genetic research.
Describe one trait that each model possesses that makes it a useful
genetic tool.
Mice – can be engineered “humanized” for study
Worms – to study the nervous system due to the simplicity of its
nervous system
4. Are preformation and epigenesis the same thing? Explain why or why
not.
No, preformation is an old theory that stated that the human comes
from a preformed tiny human called a “homunculus”, while epigenesis
stated that the human comes from a fertilized human egg and it
undergoes division to lead to the formation of a human.
5. How does preformation differ from epigenesis?
Preformation states that we’re born complete, as a tiny human being
called a “homunculus”, while epigenesis states that we come from a
fertilized egg that undergoes development to become a human.
6. Match each description to the correct term using these words: Alleles,
gene, genotype, diploid number, chromosomes, phenotype.
• number of chromosomes – diploid number
• an observation feature - phenotype
• alternative form of gene - allele
• basic unit of heredity - gene
• exists in pairs within the nucleus - chromosomes
, • the set of alleles that - genotype
7. What type of plants did Gregor Mendel use in his famous
experiments?
Pea plants
8. Which of the following does not describe the chromosomal theory of
inheritance? (select all that apply)
A) Chromosomes are contained within genes that encode for all
genetic traits
B) Chromosomes inherited from a father will be dominant over
those from the mother
C) The proteins within chromosomes are the chief drivers of
genetic inheritance
D) Genes, contributed from each parent, are carried on chromosomes.
9. The chromosomal theory of inheritance states that:
Genes are contributed from each parent, carried from chromosomes.
10. are the basic building blocks of DNA
Nucleotides
11. True or False: Nucleotides are the basic building blocks that make
up DNA.
True
12. Modern agriculture has benefited from the use of biotechnology
through the use of transgenic crops. What does this mean?
That crops have been genetically modified to provide them with better
traits, such as to help them withstand harder environmental
conditions, to improve the nutrients, or to obtain a bigger and better
crop.
13. Explain how the use of biotechnology has contributed to modern
agriculture.
The scientist were able to create transgenic crops, that are genetically
engineered to have more desirable traits, to tolerate harder
environments and insects, pesticides and herbicides, and to produce a
bigger and better crop.
14. True or False: The theory of spontaneous generation posits that living
things can spontaneously generate from nonliving things.
True
The theory posited that the number of offspring is higher than an
environment can actually sustain, therefore organisms with more
desirable traits would survive.
2. Match each description to the correct term using these words:
Zebrafish, worms, Fruit fly, Mice
• Can be "humanized" - Mice
• Extremely inexpensive and extremely short life span – Fruit fly
• Transparent egg and embryo - Zebrafish
• Simple nervous system that is easy to research - Worms
3. Name 2 types of animal models that are used for genetic research.
Describe one trait that each model possesses that makes it a useful
genetic tool.
Mice – can be engineered “humanized” for study
Worms – to study the nervous system due to the simplicity of its
nervous system
4. Are preformation and epigenesis the same thing? Explain why or why
not.
No, preformation is an old theory that stated that the human comes
from a preformed tiny human called a “homunculus”, while epigenesis
stated that the human comes from a fertilized human egg and it
undergoes division to lead to the formation of a human.
5. How does preformation differ from epigenesis?
Preformation states that we’re born complete, as a tiny human being
called a “homunculus”, while epigenesis states that we come from a
fertilized egg that undergoes development to become a human.
6. Match each description to the correct term using these words: Alleles,
gene, genotype, diploid number, chromosomes, phenotype.
• number of chromosomes – diploid number
• an observation feature - phenotype
• alternative form of gene - allele
• basic unit of heredity - gene
• exists in pairs within the nucleus - chromosomes
, • the set of alleles that - genotype
7. What type of plants did Gregor Mendel use in his famous
experiments?
Pea plants
8. Which of the following does not describe the chromosomal theory of
inheritance? (select all that apply)
A) Chromosomes are contained within genes that encode for all
genetic traits
B) Chromosomes inherited from a father will be dominant over
those from the mother
C) The proteins within chromosomes are the chief drivers of
genetic inheritance
D) Genes, contributed from each parent, are carried on chromosomes.
9. The chromosomal theory of inheritance states that:
Genes are contributed from each parent, carried from chromosomes.
10. are the basic building blocks of DNA
Nucleotides
11. True or False: Nucleotides are the basic building blocks that make
up DNA.
True
12. Modern agriculture has benefited from the use of biotechnology
through the use of transgenic crops. What does this mean?
That crops have been genetically modified to provide them with better
traits, such as to help them withstand harder environmental
conditions, to improve the nutrients, or to obtain a bigger and better
crop.
13. Explain how the use of biotechnology has contributed to modern
agriculture.
The scientist were able to create transgenic crops, that are genetically
engineered to have more desirable traits, to tolerate harder
environments and insects, pesticides and herbicides, and to produce a
bigger and better crop.
14. True or False: The theory of spontaneous generation posits that living
things can spontaneously generate from nonliving things.
True
