FOPAC EXAM - PERCEPTION + MEMORY AND COGNITION FINAL
EXAM | QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS | VERIFIED AND WELL
DETAILED ANSWERS | LATEST EXAM UPDATE
What are the 3 Psychophysical Methods for measuring perception? - CORECT
ANSWER- Method of Adjustment
Method of Limits
Method of Constant Stimuli
Method of Adjustment - CORECT ANSWER- Observer adjusts intensity until
they can barely detect stimulus
Method of Limits - CORECT ANSWER- The experimenter adjusts intensity (Up
or Down) until the observer changes their response
Method of Constant Stimuli - CORECT ANSWER- Observer views several preset
stimulus intensities (in random order) and judges whether each is perceived or not
Absolute Threshold - CORECT ANSWER- minimum amount of energy needed
to detect a stimulus
Threshold Psychometric Function - CORECT ANSWER- Current idea of
threshold as a continuous function. Participants notice stimulus 50% of the time
Just noticeable difference (JND) - CORECT ANSWER- the minimum change in a
stimulus that can be detected (perceived)
,Steven's Power Law - CORECT ANSWER- is a proposed relationship between
the magnitude of a physical stimulus and its perceived intensity or strength.
A nonlinear relationship between stimulus intensity and perceived magnitude, in
which equal ratios of intensity produce equal ratios of magnitude.
Methods used for studying perception: - CORECT ANSWER- - Lesion
experiments
- Clinical studies
- Single unit recordings
- Brain imaging (fMRI)
- Psychophysics
Lesion Experiments (Pros & Cons) - CORECT ANSWER- Discrete loss of brain
matter (albeit crude)
Data helped establish the idea of localisation of function
But have to be careful interpreting the data
Clinical Studies (Pros & Cons) - CORECT ANSWER- Very interesting cases
No two patients the same
- Age
- Extent of injury
- Experience prior to insult
, Single Unit Recordings (Pros & Cons) - CORECT ANSWER- Excellent spatial
and temporal resolution
But... only have a small window into brain activity
Long & expensive experiments
Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) (Pros & Cons) - CORECT
ANSWER- Whole brain activity in real time
Not fantastic temporal and spatial resolution
Very expensive and time consuming
Psychophysical Techniques (Pros & Cons) - CORECT ANSWER- Non-invasive
technique - but no direct measure of brain function
Behaviour is often what matters
- useful information for applied areas (e.g. human factors, assessment of disease,
relatively inexpensive)
Prosopagnosia - CORECT ANSWER- A clinical condition resulting from brain
damage, in which a patient is unable to recognise familiar faces.
Psychophysics - CORECT ANSWER- The scientific study of the relationship
between physical stimuli being translated into perceptual experience.
Qualia - CORECT ANSWER- Primitive mental states, such as sensory
impressions induced by stimulation of a sense organ (e.g., loudness, brightness,
heat).
EXAM | QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS | VERIFIED AND WELL
DETAILED ANSWERS | LATEST EXAM UPDATE
What are the 3 Psychophysical Methods for measuring perception? - CORECT
ANSWER- Method of Adjustment
Method of Limits
Method of Constant Stimuli
Method of Adjustment - CORECT ANSWER- Observer adjusts intensity until
they can barely detect stimulus
Method of Limits - CORECT ANSWER- The experimenter adjusts intensity (Up
or Down) until the observer changes their response
Method of Constant Stimuli - CORECT ANSWER- Observer views several preset
stimulus intensities (in random order) and judges whether each is perceived or not
Absolute Threshold - CORECT ANSWER- minimum amount of energy needed
to detect a stimulus
Threshold Psychometric Function - CORECT ANSWER- Current idea of
threshold as a continuous function. Participants notice stimulus 50% of the time
Just noticeable difference (JND) - CORECT ANSWER- the minimum change in a
stimulus that can be detected (perceived)
,Steven's Power Law - CORECT ANSWER- is a proposed relationship between
the magnitude of a physical stimulus and its perceived intensity or strength.
A nonlinear relationship between stimulus intensity and perceived magnitude, in
which equal ratios of intensity produce equal ratios of magnitude.
Methods used for studying perception: - CORECT ANSWER- - Lesion
experiments
- Clinical studies
- Single unit recordings
- Brain imaging (fMRI)
- Psychophysics
Lesion Experiments (Pros & Cons) - CORECT ANSWER- Discrete loss of brain
matter (albeit crude)
Data helped establish the idea of localisation of function
But have to be careful interpreting the data
Clinical Studies (Pros & Cons) - CORECT ANSWER- Very interesting cases
No two patients the same
- Age
- Extent of injury
- Experience prior to insult
, Single Unit Recordings (Pros & Cons) - CORECT ANSWER- Excellent spatial
and temporal resolution
But... only have a small window into brain activity
Long & expensive experiments
Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) (Pros & Cons) - CORECT
ANSWER- Whole brain activity in real time
Not fantastic temporal and spatial resolution
Very expensive and time consuming
Psychophysical Techniques (Pros & Cons) - CORECT ANSWER- Non-invasive
technique - but no direct measure of brain function
Behaviour is often what matters
- useful information for applied areas (e.g. human factors, assessment of disease,
relatively inexpensive)
Prosopagnosia - CORECT ANSWER- A clinical condition resulting from brain
damage, in which a patient is unable to recognise familiar faces.
Psychophysics - CORECT ANSWER- The scientific study of the relationship
between physical stimuli being translated into perceptual experience.
Qualia - CORECT ANSWER- Primitive mental states, such as sensory
impressions induced by stimulation of a sense organ (e.g., loudness, brightness,
heat).
