Pediatric Comat Exam
Pediatric Comat Exam Test Bank 2025-2026
With Complete Verified Questions And Correct
Answers with Detailed Rationales |Already
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Which best describes a full-thickness (third-degree) burn?
a. Erythema and pain
b. Skin showing erythema followed by blister formation
c. Destruction of all layers of skin evident with extension into subcutaneous tissue
d. Destruction injury involving underlying structures such as muscle fascia and bone
- Correct Answer :ANS: C
A third-degree or full-thickness burn is a serious injury that involves the entire epidermis and
dermis and extends into the subcutaneous tissues. Erythema and pain are characteristic of a
first-degree or superficial burn. Erythema with blister formation is characteristic of a second-
degree or partial-thickness burn. A fourth-degree burn is a full-thickness burn that also involves
underlying structures such as muscle fascia and bone.
A child is admitted with extensive burns. The nurse notes that there are burns on the child's lips
and singed nasal hairs. What should the nurse suspect based on these assessment findings?
a. Chemical burn
b. Inhalation injury
c. Electrical burn
d. Hot-water scald
- Correct Answer :ANS: B
Evidence of an inhalation injury is burns of the face and lips singed nasal hairs and laryngeal
edema. Clinical manifestation may be delayed for up to 24 hours. Chemical and electrical burns
and those associated with hot-water scalds do not have singed nasal hair.
Which is a physiological explanation of the edema formation that occurs with burns?
a. Vasoconstriction
b. Decreased capillary permeability
c. Increased capillary permeability
d. Decreased hydrostatic pressure within capillaries
A+ TEST BANK 1
, Pediatric Comat Exam
- Correct Answer :ANS: C
With a major burn an increase in capillary permeability occurs allowing plasma proteins fluids
and electrolytes to be lost. Maximal edema in a small wound occurs about 8 to 12 hours after
injury. In larger injuries the maximal edema may not occur until 18 to 24 hours after injury.
Vasoconstriction decreased capillary permeability and decreased hydrostatic pressure within
capillaries are not physiological mechanisms for edema formation in burn patients.
What is the most immediate threat to life in children with thermal injuries?
a. Shock
b. Anemia
c. Local infection
d. Systemic sepsis
- Correct Answer :ANS: A
The immediate threat to life in children with thermal injuries is airway compromise and profound
shock. Anemia is not of immediate concern. During the healing phase local infection and sepsis
are the primary complications.
After the acute stage and during the healing process what is the primary complication from a
burn injury?
a. Asphyxia
b. Shock
c. Renal shutdown
d. Infection
- Correct Answer :ANS: D
During the healing phase local infection and sepsis are the primary complications. Respiratory
problems chiefly airway compromise are the primary complications during the acute stage of a
burn injury.
An adolescent girl is cooking on a gas stove when her bathrobe catches fire. Her father smothers
the flames with a rug and calls an ambulance. She has sustained major burns over much of her
body. What is most important in her immediate care?
a. Wrap her in a blanket until help arrives.
b. Encourage her to drink clear liquids.
c. Place her in a tub of cool water.
d. Remove her burned clothing and jewellery.
- Correct Answer :ANS: D
For major burns burned clothing should be removed to avoid further damage from smouldering
fabric and hot beads of melted synthetic materials. Jewellery is also removed to eliminate the
transfer of heat from the metal and constriction resulting from edema formation. The burns
A+ TEST BANK 2
, Pediatric Comat Exam
should be covered not wrapped with a clean cloth. A blanket can be used initially to stop the
burning process. Fluids should not be given by mouth to avoid aspiration and water intoxication.
The child should be kept warm. Placing her in a tub of cool water will further exacerbate heat
loss.
A toddler sustains a minor burn on the hand from hot coffee. What is the first action to take in
treating this burn?
a. Apply ice to burned area.
b. Hold the burned area under cool running water.
c. Break any blisters with a sterile needle.
d. Clean the wound with soap and warm water.
- Correct Answer :ANS: B
For minor burns the best method to stop the burning process is to hold the burned area under
cool running water. Ice is not recommended. Removal of blisters is not a generally accepted
therapy unless the injury is from a chemical substance. Cooling is necessary to stop the burning
process.
Why is a high-protein diet recommended for a child with major burns?
a. It promotes growth.
b. It improves appetite.
c. It diminishes the risks of stress-induced hyperglycemia.
d. It helps prevent protein breakdown.
- Correct Answer :ANS: D
The diet must provide sufficient calories to meet the increased metabolic needs and enough
protein to avoid protein breakdown. Healing not growth is the primary consideration. Many
children have poor appetites and supplementation will be necessary. Hypoglycemia not
hyperglycemia can occur from the stress of a burn injury because liver glycogen stores are
rapidly depleted.
Fentanyl and midazolam (Versed) are given before debridement of a child's burn wounds. What
is the purpose of these drugs?
a. To promote healing
b. To prevent infection
c. To provide pain relief
d. To limit the amount of debridement that will be necessary
- Correct Answer :ANS: C
Fentanyl and midazolam provide excellent intravenous sedation and analgesia to control
procedural pain in children with burns. They do not promote healing or prevent infection nor do
they limit the amount of debridement needed.
A+ TEST BANK 3
, Pediatric Comat Exam
A child with extensive burns requires debridement. What is the priority of this procedure?
a. To promote healing
b. To prevent bleeding
c. To maintain the airway
d. To restore fluid balance
- Correct Answer :ANS: A
Partial-thickness burns require debridement of devitalized tissue to promote healing. The
procedure is very painful and requires analgesia and sedation beforehand. Preventing bleeding
maintaining the airway and restoring fluid balance are not goals of debridement.
Biological dressings are applied to a child with partial-thickness burns on both legs. Which
nursing action is related to this procedure?
a. Observe wounds for bleeding.
b. Observe wounds for signs of infection.
c. Monitor the child closely for signs of shock.
d. Splint the child's legs to prevent movement.
- Correct Answer :ANS: B
When applied early to a superficial partial-thickness injury biological dressings stimulate
epithelial growth and faster wound healing. If the dressing covers areas of heavy microbial
contamination infection occurs beneath it. In the case of partial-thickness burns such infection
may convert the wound to a full-thickness injury. Infection is the primary concern when
biological dressings are used.
What is one of the first signs of overwhelming sepsis in a child with burn injuries?
a. Seizures
b. Bradycardia
c. Decreased level of consciousness
d. Decreased blood pressure
- Correct Answer :ANS: C
Decreasing level of consciousness in a burn patient is one of the first signs of overwhelming
sepsis and may indicate inadequate hydration. Seizures bradycardia and decreased blood
pressure are not initial manifestations of overwhelming sepsis.
Which is an effective strategy to reduce the stress of burn dressing procedures?
a. Give the child as many choices as possible.
b. Reassure the child that dressing changes are not painful.
c. Explain to the child why analgesics cannot be used.
d. Encourage the child to master stress with controlled passivity.
A+ TEST BANK 4
Pediatric Comat Exam Test Bank 2025-2026
With Complete Verified Questions And Correct
Answers with Detailed Rationales |Already
Graded A+||Brand New Guaranteed Pass
Which best describes a full-thickness (third-degree) burn?
a. Erythema and pain
b. Skin showing erythema followed by blister formation
c. Destruction of all layers of skin evident with extension into subcutaneous tissue
d. Destruction injury involving underlying structures such as muscle fascia and bone
- Correct Answer :ANS: C
A third-degree or full-thickness burn is a serious injury that involves the entire epidermis and
dermis and extends into the subcutaneous tissues. Erythema and pain are characteristic of a
first-degree or superficial burn. Erythema with blister formation is characteristic of a second-
degree or partial-thickness burn. A fourth-degree burn is a full-thickness burn that also involves
underlying structures such as muscle fascia and bone.
A child is admitted with extensive burns. The nurse notes that there are burns on the child's lips
and singed nasal hairs. What should the nurse suspect based on these assessment findings?
a. Chemical burn
b. Inhalation injury
c. Electrical burn
d. Hot-water scald
- Correct Answer :ANS: B
Evidence of an inhalation injury is burns of the face and lips singed nasal hairs and laryngeal
edema. Clinical manifestation may be delayed for up to 24 hours. Chemical and electrical burns
and those associated with hot-water scalds do not have singed nasal hair.
Which is a physiological explanation of the edema formation that occurs with burns?
a. Vasoconstriction
b. Decreased capillary permeability
c. Increased capillary permeability
d. Decreased hydrostatic pressure within capillaries
A+ TEST BANK 1
, Pediatric Comat Exam
- Correct Answer :ANS: C
With a major burn an increase in capillary permeability occurs allowing plasma proteins fluids
and electrolytes to be lost. Maximal edema in a small wound occurs about 8 to 12 hours after
injury. In larger injuries the maximal edema may not occur until 18 to 24 hours after injury.
Vasoconstriction decreased capillary permeability and decreased hydrostatic pressure within
capillaries are not physiological mechanisms for edema formation in burn patients.
What is the most immediate threat to life in children with thermal injuries?
a. Shock
b. Anemia
c. Local infection
d. Systemic sepsis
- Correct Answer :ANS: A
The immediate threat to life in children with thermal injuries is airway compromise and profound
shock. Anemia is not of immediate concern. During the healing phase local infection and sepsis
are the primary complications.
After the acute stage and during the healing process what is the primary complication from a
burn injury?
a. Asphyxia
b. Shock
c. Renal shutdown
d. Infection
- Correct Answer :ANS: D
During the healing phase local infection and sepsis are the primary complications. Respiratory
problems chiefly airway compromise are the primary complications during the acute stage of a
burn injury.
An adolescent girl is cooking on a gas stove when her bathrobe catches fire. Her father smothers
the flames with a rug and calls an ambulance. She has sustained major burns over much of her
body. What is most important in her immediate care?
a. Wrap her in a blanket until help arrives.
b. Encourage her to drink clear liquids.
c. Place her in a tub of cool water.
d. Remove her burned clothing and jewellery.
- Correct Answer :ANS: D
For major burns burned clothing should be removed to avoid further damage from smouldering
fabric and hot beads of melted synthetic materials. Jewellery is also removed to eliminate the
transfer of heat from the metal and constriction resulting from edema formation. The burns
A+ TEST BANK 2
, Pediatric Comat Exam
should be covered not wrapped with a clean cloth. A blanket can be used initially to stop the
burning process. Fluids should not be given by mouth to avoid aspiration and water intoxication.
The child should be kept warm. Placing her in a tub of cool water will further exacerbate heat
loss.
A toddler sustains a minor burn on the hand from hot coffee. What is the first action to take in
treating this burn?
a. Apply ice to burned area.
b. Hold the burned area under cool running water.
c. Break any blisters with a sterile needle.
d. Clean the wound with soap and warm water.
- Correct Answer :ANS: B
For minor burns the best method to stop the burning process is to hold the burned area under
cool running water. Ice is not recommended. Removal of blisters is not a generally accepted
therapy unless the injury is from a chemical substance. Cooling is necessary to stop the burning
process.
Why is a high-protein diet recommended for a child with major burns?
a. It promotes growth.
b. It improves appetite.
c. It diminishes the risks of stress-induced hyperglycemia.
d. It helps prevent protein breakdown.
- Correct Answer :ANS: D
The diet must provide sufficient calories to meet the increased metabolic needs and enough
protein to avoid protein breakdown. Healing not growth is the primary consideration. Many
children have poor appetites and supplementation will be necessary. Hypoglycemia not
hyperglycemia can occur from the stress of a burn injury because liver glycogen stores are
rapidly depleted.
Fentanyl and midazolam (Versed) are given before debridement of a child's burn wounds. What
is the purpose of these drugs?
a. To promote healing
b. To prevent infection
c. To provide pain relief
d. To limit the amount of debridement that will be necessary
- Correct Answer :ANS: C
Fentanyl and midazolam provide excellent intravenous sedation and analgesia to control
procedural pain in children with burns. They do not promote healing or prevent infection nor do
they limit the amount of debridement needed.
A+ TEST BANK 3
, Pediatric Comat Exam
A child with extensive burns requires debridement. What is the priority of this procedure?
a. To promote healing
b. To prevent bleeding
c. To maintain the airway
d. To restore fluid balance
- Correct Answer :ANS: A
Partial-thickness burns require debridement of devitalized tissue to promote healing. The
procedure is very painful and requires analgesia and sedation beforehand. Preventing bleeding
maintaining the airway and restoring fluid balance are not goals of debridement.
Biological dressings are applied to a child with partial-thickness burns on both legs. Which
nursing action is related to this procedure?
a. Observe wounds for bleeding.
b. Observe wounds for signs of infection.
c. Monitor the child closely for signs of shock.
d. Splint the child's legs to prevent movement.
- Correct Answer :ANS: B
When applied early to a superficial partial-thickness injury biological dressings stimulate
epithelial growth and faster wound healing. If the dressing covers areas of heavy microbial
contamination infection occurs beneath it. In the case of partial-thickness burns such infection
may convert the wound to a full-thickness injury. Infection is the primary concern when
biological dressings are used.
What is one of the first signs of overwhelming sepsis in a child with burn injuries?
a. Seizures
b. Bradycardia
c. Decreased level of consciousness
d. Decreased blood pressure
- Correct Answer :ANS: C
Decreasing level of consciousness in a burn patient is one of the first signs of overwhelming
sepsis and may indicate inadequate hydration. Seizures bradycardia and decreased blood
pressure are not initial manifestations of overwhelming sepsis.
Which is an effective strategy to reduce the stress of burn dressing procedures?
a. Give the child as many choices as possible.
b. Reassure the child that dressing changes are not painful.
c. Explain to the child why analgesics cannot be used.
d. Encourage the child to master stress with controlled passivity.
A+ TEST BANK 4
