RAT Date: 17th MAY 2025
1. State five functions of the respiratory system (5 mks
A) Facilitates in exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the lungs and tissues.
B) Filters out harmful substances in the air to protect the body.
C) Warms the air inhaled to march the body temperature.
D) Moisturizes the inhaled air with mucus.
E) Controls airflow hence enabling speech and sound production.
2. Differentiate between the two Major types of respiration (4 Mks)
Normal respiration it is regular ,deep,rhythmic breathing maintain the proper oxygen and carbon
dioxide in the blood while abnormal respiration is difficult in breathing, shortness or rapid breathing .
3. Define the following terminologies; (4 Mks)
I) Hypoxia - Inadequate supply of oxygen in the body.
II) Hemoptysis - This is when there is blood in the sputum then a patient coughs.
III) Hemothorax -Accumulation of the blood between chest wall to the lungs.
IV) Dyspnea -This is abnormal/difficult in breathing.
4. Differentiate between alveolar dead space and anatomical dead space (2 Mks)
Alveolar dead space is the air found within avioli which fill the lung and do not participate in gaseous
exchange but anatomical dead space is the air present in the airway and never reaches alvioli and is not
used in gaseous exachange.
5. Define the following; (4 Mks)
I) Thrombosis- This is the formation of blood clots in the a blood vessel that can block blood and travel in
other parts of the body like heart.
1. State five functions of the respiratory system (5 mks
A) Facilitates in exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the lungs and tissues.
B) Filters out harmful substances in the air to protect the body.
C) Warms the air inhaled to march the body temperature.
D) Moisturizes the inhaled air with mucus.
E) Controls airflow hence enabling speech and sound production.
2. Differentiate between the two Major types of respiration (4 Mks)
Normal respiration it is regular ,deep,rhythmic breathing maintain the proper oxygen and carbon
dioxide in the blood while abnormal respiration is difficult in breathing, shortness or rapid breathing .
3. Define the following terminologies; (4 Mks)
I) Hypoxia - Inadequate supply of oxygen in the body.
II) Hemoptysis - This is when there is blood in the sputum then a patient coughs.
III) Hemothorax -Accumulation of the blood between chest wall to the lungs.
IV) Dyspnea -This is abnormal/difficult in breathing.
4. Differentiate between alveolar dead space and anatomical dead space (2 Mks)
Alveolar dead space is the air found within avioli which fill the lung and do not participate in gaseous
exchange but anatomical dead space is the air present in the airway and never reaches alvioli and is not
used in gaseous exachange.
5. Define the following; (4 Mks)
I) Thrombosis- This is the formation of blood clots in the a blood vessel that can block blood and travel in
other parts of the body like heart.
