COMSAE 105B EXAM QUESTIONS WITH SOLUTIONS
Cranial torsion - -occurs around 1 AP axis. sphenoid and occiput rotate in opposite
directions. greater wing of sphenoid will be elevated on the named side
-Cranial - Sidebending Rotation axis - -3 seprate axis
Rotation about AP axis through the SBS
2 Parallel vertical axis: Through foramen magnum and through the center of the spenoid
-How do you name a cranial sidebending rotation - -For the side of the convexity (feels
fuller in your hand).
The convexity will will rotate inferior.
-What symptom of hypoglycemia still shows when taking beta blocker? - -Sweating will
still be intact.
-What drugs raise uric acid levels
hint: Painful Tophi and Feet Need Care - -Pyrazinamide, Thiazide, Furosemide, Niacin,
Cyclosporine
-what is a posterior radial head in relation to restriction of movement? - -Restricted in
supination of forearm
and ease of movement in Pronation.
-abduction of ulna- carrying angle and wrist movement? - -Increased carrying angle,
Adducted wrist, radius pushed distally
-adduction of ulna- carrying angle and wrist movement? - -Decreased carrying angle,
Abducted wrist, radius pushed proximal?
-What two enzymes are inhibited when ingesting lead paint? - -Heme synthesis path: ALA
dehydratase (aladin hydra tazer) and Ferrochelatase (chelates iron to protoporphyrin).
-Aid to Families with Dependent Children (AFDC) - -Federal funds for children in families
that fall below state standards of need. In 1996, Congress abolished AFDC, the largest
federal cash transfer program, and replaced it with the Temporary Assistance for Needy
Families (TANF) block grant
-Medicaid - -A federal and state assistance program that pays for health care services for
people who cannot afford them.
-Beta hCG function during pregnancy? - -hCG functions to maintain the corpus luteum
(and thus progesterone) for the first 8-10 weeks of pregnancy by acting like LH. After 8-10
weeks, placenta synthesizes its own estriol and progesterone and corpus luteum
degenerates. hCG is detectable in blood 1 week after conception and urine 2 weeks after.
, -what is a parasternal lift - -It is a palpable impulse caused by the heart working hard that
can be felt over the sternum. Can signify cardiac or respiratory dz.
-How is Lynch syndrome (HNPCC) inherited? - -autosomal dominant
-Why do cystic fibrosis patients get fatigued? - -The CFTR gene is defective and Cl isn't
reabsorbed in sweat ducts or secreted properly in lungs. This causes more water and Na to
be reabsorbed from the lungs which created thick dehydrated mucus which makes it hard
to breath and get proper gas exchange (and fatigue sets in).
-What is a left shift? - -Increased number of young neutrophils, usually bands
-What vaginal infection causes cheesy discharge - -candida has thick white cottage cheese
discharge.
(BV has thin white discharge with fishy odor and clue cells) (Gonorrhea has creamy
purulent discharge)
-What herbal supplements can interact with aspirin? - -gingko biloba (memory), garlic
(cardiovascular issues), and Saw Palmetto (BPH) all increase risk of bleeding when taken
concomitantly with aspirin.
-What is the torulopsis glabrata? - -a type of candida fungus that can infect people with
weakened immune systems.
-What parasympathetic ganglion do you treat for rhinitus? - -The sphenopalatine ganglion
goes to the lacrimal/nasal glands and the submandibular/ sublingual glands.
-Hepatitis A and B IgM and IgG meaning? - -IgM signifies acute hepatitis A, IgG indicates a
prior HAV infection and/or vaccination. (Hep B follows roughly the same principle)
-What is methemoglobinemia? - -- Iron in heme is oxidized to Fe3+ (cannot bind oxygen)
- "Fe2 binds O2"
- Seen with oxidant stress or in newborns
- Classic finding is cyanosis with chocolate-colored blood
- Tx: Methylene blue
(note different from CO poisoning which creates carboxyhemoglobin and holds onto O2
tightly)
-facilitation definition - -the lowering of the threshold for reflex conduction along a
particular neural pathway especially from repeated use of that pathway
-What markers are present in lupus? - -ANA (antinuclear antibodies, sensitive, but not
specific)
Anti-dsDNA or anti-Sm (smith) antibodies (highly specific)
Cranial torsion - -occurs around 1 AP axis. sphenoid and occiput rotate in opposite
directions. greater wing of sphenoid will be elevated on the named side
-Cranial - Sidebending Rotation axis - -3 seprate axis
Rotation about AP axis through the SBS
2 Parallel vertical axis: Through foramen magnum and through the center of the spenoid
-How do you name a cranial sidebending rotation - -For the side of the convexity (feels
fuller in your hand).
The convexity will will rotate inferior.
-What symptom of hypoglycemia still shows when taking beta blocker? - -Sweating will
still be intact.
-What drugs raise uric acid levels
hint: Painful Tophi and Feet Need Care - -Pyrazinamide, Thiazide, Furosemide, Niacin,
Cyclosporine
-what is a posterior radial head in relation to restriction of movement? - -Restricted in
supination of forearm
and ease of movement in Pronation.
-abduction of ulna- carrying angle and wrist movement? - -Increased carrying angle,
Adducted wrist, radius pushed distally
-adduction of ulna- carrying angle and wrist movement? - -Decreased carrying angle,
Abducted wrist, radius pushed proximal?
-What two enzymes are inhibited when ingesting lead paint? - -Heme synthesis path: ALA
dehydratase (aladin hydra tazer) and Ferrochelatase (chelates iron to protoporphyrin).
-Aid to Families with Dependent Children (AFDC) - -Federal funds for children in families
that fall below state standards of need. In 1996, Congress abolished AFDC, the largest
federal cash transfer program, and replaced it with the Temporary Assistance for Needy
Families (TANF) block grant
-Medicaid - -A federal and state assistance program that pays for health care services for
people who cannot afford them.
-Beta hCG function during pregnancy? - -hCG functions to maintain the corpus luteum
(and thus progesterone) for the first 8-10 weeks of pregnancy by acting like LH. After 8-10
weeks, placenta synthesizes its own estriol and progesterone and corpus luteum
degenerates. hCG is detectable in blood 1 week after conception and urine 2 weeks after.
, -what is a parasternal lift - -It is a palpable impulse caused by the heart working hard that
can be felt over the sternum. Can signify cardiac or respiratory dz.
-How is Lynch syndrome (HNPCC) inherited? - -autosomal dominant
-Why do cystic fibrosis patients get fatigued? - -The CFTR gene is defective and Cl isn't
reabsorbed in sweat ducts or secreted properly in lungs. This causes more water and Na to
be reabsorbed from the lungs which created thick dehydrated mucus which makes it hard
to breath and get proper gas exchange (and fatigue sets in).
-What is a left shift? - -Increased number of young neutrophils, usually bands
-What vaginal infection causes cheesy discharge - -candida has thick white cottage cheese
discharge.
(BV has thin white discharge with fishy odor and clue cells) (Gonorrhea has creamy
purulent discharge)
-What herbal supplements can interact with aspirin? - -gingko biloba (memory), garlic
(cardiovascular issues), and Saw Palmetto (BPH) all increase risk of bleeding when taken
concomitantly with aspirin.
-What is the torulopsis glabrata? - -a type of candida fungus that can infect people with
weakened immune systems.
-What parasympathetic ganglion do you treat for rhinitus? - -The sphenopalatine ganglion
goes to the lacrimal/nasal glands and the submandibular/ sublingual glands.
-Hepatitis A and B IgM and IgG meaning? - -IgM signifies acute hepatitis A, IgG indicates a
prior HAV infection and/or vaccination. (Hep B follows roughly the same principle)
-What is methemoglobinemia? - -- Iron in heme is oxidized to Fe3+ (cannot bind oxygen)
- "Fe2 binds O2"
- Seen with oxidant stress or in newborns
- Classic finding is cyanosis with chocolate-colored blood
- Tx: Methylene blue
(note different from CO poisoning which creates carboxyhemoglobin and holds onto O2
tightly)
-facilitation definition - -the lowering of the threshold for reflex conduction along a
particular neural pathway especially from repeated use of that pathway
-What markers are present in lupus? - -ANA (antinuclear antibodies, sensitive, but not
specific)
Anti-dsDNA or anti-Sm (smith) antibodies (highly specific)
