68W ALC, Phase 3, Limited Primary Care Actual Exam
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What is a microorganism? - Answer-Living cells found
almost everywhere in the environment
What is a pathogen? - Answer-Microorganism that causes
disease
____________ forming bacteria are the most difficult to
control and destroy - Answer-Spore
What microorganism needs a host to make a protein and
energy? - Answer-Viruses
What are standard Precautions? - Answer-A combination
of universal precautions designed to reduce risk of
transmission of pathogens that involves BSI (Body
Substance Isolation).
All patients are considered infected.
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What are the three types of transmission based
precautions, what do they entail, and what diseases do
they protect against? - Answer-Airborne - tiny
microorganisms from evaporated in droplets suspended in
the air diseases include TB, measles, chickenpox
Droplet - microorganisms are propelled through the air
diseases include meningitis, pneumonia, streptococcal
pharyngitis, and rubella
Contact - direct contact with a susceptible host and an
infected person. diseases include respiratory, skin , and
wound infections. Herpes simplex virus
What is reverse isolation and who would be eligible to
receive it? - Answer-Neutropenic (reverse isolation)
precautions are to keep microorganisms from the outside
environment away from a patient with a weakened
immune system.
Eligible patients include burns or bone marrow transplants.
HIV, patients undergoing chemotherapy or incredibly ill
patients.
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'What is surgical asepsis? - Answer-A sterile technique
where no organisms are carried to the patient and
microorganisms are destroyed from surfaces before they
can enter the body
What is the most frequent mode of disease transmission?
- Answer-Direct Contact
What is the most effective way to prevent the spread of
disease? - Answer-Hand Washing
How long should an individual wash their hands for? -
Answer-The duration will be a minimum of 10 to 15
seconds, or 2 minutes or longer depending on the
potential for contamination
List the stages of infection. - Answer-1. Pathogenic
Mircoorganism
2. Reservoir
3. Portal of Exit
4.Vehicle of Transmission
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5. Portal of Entry
6. Susceptible Host
PRPVPS
What is virulence? - Answer-The pathogens strength to
cause disease
What are the NORMAL COURSE of infection? - Answer-
Incubation Period
Prodromal Stage
Full Stage of Illness
Convalescent Stage
I, PFC Infection
What is a Nosocomial Infection? - Answer-Infections that
patients acquire while in the health care facility
Getting sick in the hospital is not so comical