Chapter 44 Test: Nutrition Problems - Med-Surg Exam
1. Relate the components of a well-balanced diet to their impact on health outcomes.
1. Which macronutrient is the body's primary source of energy?
a. Protein
b. Fat
c. Carbohydrates
d. Water
2. Which of the following vitamins are fat-soluble? (Select all that apply)
a. Vitamin A
b. Vitamin B12
c. Vitamin C
d. Vitamin D
e. Vitamin K
3. A nurse is educating a client on the recommended daily intake of fiber. Which of the
following is the appropriate recommendation?
a. 10 g per 1000 kcal
b. 14 g per 1000 kcal
c. 20 g per 1000 kcal
d. 35 g per 1000 kcal
2. Describe the etiology, clinical manifestations, and interprofessional and nursing
management of malnutrition.
4. A patient with chronic alcoholism is admitted with signs of malnutrition. Which vitamin
deficiency is most concerning for neurologic impairment?
a. Vitamin A
b. Vitamin D
c. Vitamin C
d. Vitamin B12
5. Which of the following clinical manifestations are associated with protein-calorie
malnutrition? (Select all that apply)
a. Dry, flaky skin
b. Edema
c. Hypertension
d. Muscle wasting
e. Bradycardia
6. A patient with severe malnutrition presents with a serum albumin level of 2.8 g/dL. What
is the nurse’s priority intervention?
a. Encourage an oral high-protein diet
b. Prepare the patient for total parenteral nutrition (TPN)
c. Restrict fluid intake
d. Administer diuretics to reduce edema
, 3. Explain the indications, complications, and nursing management related to the use of
enteral nutrition.
7. Which patient is most appropriate for enteral nutrition (EN)?
a. A patient with severe short bowel syndrome
b. A patient with dysphagia after a stroke
c. A patient in septic shock with multi-organ failure
d. A patient who refuses to eat due to psychological distress
8. Which of the following are complications of enteral nutrition? (Select all that apply)
a. Aspiration pneumonia
b. Hypoglycemia
c. Diarrhea
d. Hyperglycemia
e. Tube occlusion
9. A nurse is preparing to administer an enteral feeding through a nasogastric (NG) tube.
What action should the nurse take first?
a. Flush the tube with 30 mL of sterile water
b. Check gastric residual volume
c. Elevate the head of the bed to 10 degrees
d. Administer the feeding bolus over 2 minutes
10. True or False: Continuous enteral feeding is preferred over bolus feeding in patients at
high risk for aspiration.
4. Explain the indications, complications, and nursing management related to the use of
parenteral nutrition.
11. Which of the following are indications for parenteral nutrition (PN)? (Select all that
apply)
a. Severe pancreatitis
b. Bowel obstruction
c. Anorexia nervosa
d. Crohn’s disease with severe malabsorption
e. Patient refusal of oral intake
12. A nurse is caring for a patient receiving total parenteral nutrition (TPN). Which
laboratory value requires immediate intervention?
a. Blood glucose 150 mg/dL
b. Serum potassium 4.2 mEq/L
c. Serum phosphorus 1.8 mg/dL
d. Albumin 3.2 g/dL
13. What is the most serious potential complication of parenteral nutrition?
a. Hyperglycemia
b. Infection
c. Electrolyte imbalance
d. Fluid overload
14. True or False: Lipids are always included in total parenteral nutrition formulations.
1. Relate the components of a well-balanced diet to their impact on health outcomes.
1. Which macronutrient is the body's primary source of energy?
a. Protein
b. Fat
c. Carbohydrates
d. Water
2. Which of the following vitamins are fat-soluble? (Select all that apply)
a. Vitamin A
b. Vitamin B12
c. Vitamin C
d. Vitamin D
e. Vitamin K
3. A nurse is educating a client on the recommended daily intake of fiber. Which of the
following is the appropriate recommendation?
a. 10 g per 1000 kcal
b. 14 g per 1000 kcal
c. 20 g per 1000 kcal
d. 35 g per 1000 kcal
2. Describe the etiology, clinical manifestations, and interprofessional and nursing
management of malnutrition.
4. A patient with chronic alcoholism is admitted with signs of malnutrition. Which vitamin
deficiency is most concerning for neurologic impairment?
a. Vitamin A
b. Vitamin D
c. Vitamin C
d. Vitamin B12
5. Which of the following clinical manifestations are associated with protein-calorie
malnutrition? (Select all that apply)
a. Dry, flaky skin
b. Edema
c. Hypertension
d. Muscle wasting
e. Bradycardia
6. A patient with severe malnutrition presents with a serum albumin level of 2.8 g/dL. What
is the nurse’s priority intervention?
a. Encourage an oral high-protein diet
b. Prepare the patient for total parenteral nutrition (TPN)
c. Restrict fluid intake
d. Administer diuretics to reduce edema
, 3. Explain the indications, complications, and nursing management related to the use of
enteral nutrition.
7. Which patient is most appropriate for enteral nutrition (EN)?
a. A patient with severe short bowel syndrome
b. A patient with dysphagia after a stroke
c. A patient in septic shock with multi-organ failure
d. A patient who refuses to eat due to psychological distress
8. Which of the following are complications of enteral nutrition? (Select all that apply)
a. Aspiration pneumonia
b. Hypoglycemia
c. Diarrhea
d. Hyperglycemia
e. Tube occlusion
9. A nurse is preparing to administer an enteral feeding through a nasogastric (NG) tube.
What action should the nurse take first?
a. Flush the tube with 30 mL of sterile water
b. Check gastric residual volume
c. Elevate the head of the bed to 10 degrees
d. Administer the feeding bolus over 2 minutes
10. True or False: Continuous enteral feeding is preferred over bolus feeding in patients at
high risk for aspiration.
4. Explain the indications, complications, and nursing management related to the use of
parenteral nutrition.
11. Which of the following are indications for parenteral nutrition (PN)? (Select all that
apply)
a. Severe pancreatitis
b. Bowel obstruction
c. Anorexia nervosa
d. Crohn’s disease with severe malabsorption
e. Patient refusal of oral intake
12. A nurse is caring for a patient receiving total parenteral nutrition (TPN). Which
laboratory value requires immediate intervention?
a. Blood glucose 150 mg/dL
b. Serum potassium 4.2 mEq/L
c. Serum phosphorus 1.8 mg/dL
d. Albumin 3.2 g/dL
13. What is the most serious potential complication of parenteral nutrition?
a. Hyperglycemia
b. Infection
c. Electrolyte imbalance
d. Fluid overload
14. True or False: Lipids are always included in total parenteral nutrition formulations.
