1
NUR 390
NUR 390 Exam 3 Practice | Nursing Care
of Adult I | Questions & Answers| Grade
A | 100% Correct | (NEW 2025/ 2026)
The nurse is planning care for a patient with severe heart failure who has
developed increased blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine levels.
Which aim will be the primary treatment goal?
A. Augmenting fluid volume
B. Maintaining cardiac output
C. Diluting nephrotoxic substances
D. Preventing systemic hypertension - ANS ✓b. Maintaining cardiac output
The primary goal of treatment for acute kidney injury (AKI) is to eliminate
the cause and provide supportive care while the kidneys recover. Because
this patient's heart failure is causing AKI, the care will be directed toward
treatment of the heart failure. Renal failure caused by hypertension,
hypovolemia, or nephrotoxins would be managed by interventions specific
to those problems.
NUR 390
, 2
NUR 390
A patient who has acute glomerulonephritis is hospitalized with
hyperkalemia. Which information will the nurse monitor to evaluate the
effectiveness of the prescribed calcium gluconate IV?
A. Urine volume
B. Calcium level
C. Cardiac rhythm
D. Neurologic status - ANS ✓c. Cardiac rhythm
Calcium gluconate raises the threshold at which dysrhythmias occur,
temporarily stabilizing the myocardium. The nurse will monitor the other
data as well, but these will not be helpful in determining the effectiveness of
the calcium gluconate.
Which statement by a patient with stage 5 chronic kidney disease (CKD)
indicates that the nurse's teaching about management of CKD has been
effective?
A. "I need to get most of my protein from low-fat dairy products."
B. "I will increase my intake of fruits and vegetables to 5 per day."
C. "I will measure my output each day to help calculate the amount I can
drink."
NUR 390
, 3
NUR 390
D. "I need erythropoietin injections to boost my immunity and prevent
infection." - ANS ✓c. "I will measure my output each day to help calculate
the amount I can drink."
The patient with end-stage renal disease is taught to measure urine output
as a means of determining an appropriate oral fluid intake; the total urine
output plus 600-1000 ml is the daily fluid allowance. Erythropoietin is
given to increase the red blood cell count and will not offer any benefit for
immune function. Dairy products are restricted because of the high
phosphate level. Many fruits and vegetables are high in potassium and
should be restricted in the patient with CKD.
Which information will the nurse monitor to determine the effectiveness of
prescribed calcium carbonate (Caltrate) for a patient with chronic kidney
disease (CKD)?
A. Blood pressure
B. Phosphate level
C. Neurologic status
D. Creatinine clearance - ANS ✓b. Phosphate level
Calcium carbonate is prescribed to bind phosphorus and prevent mineral
and bone disease in patients with CKD. The other data will not be helpful in
evaluating the effectiveness of calcium carbonate.
NUR 390
, 4
NUR 390
Sodium polystyrene sulfonate (Kayexalate) is prescribed to be given via
nasogastric tube for a patient with hyperkalemia. Which assessment would
the nurse make before administering the medication?
A. Bowel sounds
B. Blood glucose
C. Blood urea nitrogen (BUN)
D. Level of consciousness (LOC) - ANS ✓a. Bowel sounds
Sodium polystyrene sulfonate (Kayexalate) should not be given to a patient
with a paralytic ileus (as indicated by absent bowel sounds) because bowel
necrosis can occur. The BUN and creatinine and blood glucose would not
affect the nurse's decision to give the medication. LOC would be important
to assess if the medication were prescribed for oral administration.
Which menu choice by the patient who is receiving hemodialysis indicates
that the nurse's teaching has been successful?
A. Split-pea soup, English muffin, and nonfat milk
B. Poached eggs, whole-wheat toast, and apple juice
C. Oatmeal with cream, half a banana, and herbal tea
NUR 390
NUR 390
NUR 390 Exam 3 Practice | Nursing Care
of Adult I | Questions & Answers| Grade
A | 100% Correct | (NEW 2025/ 2026)
The nurse is planning care for a patient with severe heart failure who has
developed increased blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine levels.
Which aim will be the primary treatment goal?
A. Augmenting fluid volume
B. Maintaining cardiac output
C. Diluting nephrotoxic substances
D. Preventing systemic hypertension - ANS ✓b. Maintaining cardiac output
The primary goal of treatment for acute kidney injury (AKI) is to eliminate
the cause and provide supportive care while the kidneys recover. Because
this patient's heart failure is causing AKI, the care will be directed toward
treatment of the heart failure. Renal failure caused by hypertension,
hypovolemia, or nephrotoxins would be managed by interventions specific
to those problems.
NUR 390
, 2
NUR 390
A patient who has acute glomerulonephritis is hospitalized with
hyperkalemia. Which information will the nurse monitor to evaluate the
effectiveness of the prescribed calcium gluconate IV?
A. Urine volume
B. Calcium level
C. Cardiac rhythm
D. Neurologic status - ANS ✓c. Cardiac rhythm
Calcium gluconate raises the threshold at which dysrhythmias occur,
temporarily stabilizing the myocardium. The nurse will monitor the other
data as well, but these will not be helpful in determining the effectiveness of
the calcium gluconate.
Which statement by a patient with stage 5 chronic kidney disease (CKD)
indicates that the nurse's teaching about management of CKD has been
effective?
A. "I need to get most of my protein from low-fat dairy products."
B. "I will increase my intake of fruits and vegetables to 5 per day."
C. "I will measure my output each day to help calculate the amount I can
drink."
NUR 390
, 3
NUR 390
D. "I need erythropoietin injections to boost my immunity and prevent
infection." - ANS ✓c. "I will measure my output each day to help calculate
the amount I can drink."
The patient with end-stage renal disease is taught to measure urine output
as a means of determining an appropriate oral fluid intake; the total urine
output plus 600-1000 ml is the daily fluid allowance. Erythropoietin is
given to increase the red blood cell count and will not offer any benefit for
immune function. Dairy products are restricted because of the high
phosphate level. Many fruits and vegetables are high in potassium and
should be restricted in the patient with CKD.
Which information will the nurse monitor to determine the effectiveness of
prescribed calcium carbonate (Caltrate) for a patient with chronic kidney
disease (CKD)?
A. Blood pressure
B. Phosphate level
C. Neurologic status
D. Creatinine clearance - ANS ✓b. Phosphate level
Calcium carbonate is prescribed to bind phosphorus and prevent mineral
and bone disease in patients with CKD. The other data will not be helpful in
evaluating the effectiveness of calcium carbonate.
NUR 390
, 4
NUR 390
Sodium polystyrene sulfonate (Kayexalate) is prescribed to be given via
nasogastric tube for a patient with hyperkalemia. Which assessment would
the nurse make before administering the medication?
A. Bowel sounds
B. Blood glucose
C. Blood urea nitrogen (BUN)
D. Level of consciousness (LOC) - ANS ✓a. Bowel sounds
Sodium polystyrene sulfonate (Kayexalate) should not be given to a patient
with a paralytic ileus (as indicated by absent bowel sounds) because bowel
necrosis can occur. The BUN and creatinine and blood glucose would not
affect the nurse's decision to give the medication. LOC would be important
to assess if the medication were prescribed for oral administration.
Which menu choice by the patient who is receiving hemodialysis indicates
that the nurse's teaching has been successful?
A. Split-pea soup, English muffin, and nonfat milk
B. Poached eggs, whole-wheat toast, and apple juice
C. Oatmeal with cream, half a banana, and herbal tea
NUR 390
