Adult Health II Exam 2
ADULT HEALTH II EXAM 2 NEWEST 2025/2026 WITH COMPLETE
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS |ALREADY GRADED
A+||BRAND NEW VERSION!
What are the three layers of skin affected by burns - ANSWER-Epidermis, dermis,
and subcutaneous tissue
What are the four classifications of burn depth - ANSWER-Superficial, partial-
thickness, deep partial-thickness, and full-thickness burns
What are the primary types of burn injuries - ANSWER-Thermal, chemical, smoke
inhalation, and electrical
What causes thermal burns - ANSWER-Flames, flash, scald, or contact with hot
objects
What distinguishes partial-thickness burns from full-thickness burns - ANSWER-
Partial-thickness burns damage the epidermis and part of the dermis and are
often painful with blisters; full-thickness burns destroy both layers and may be
painless with a leathery appearance and require grafting
What causes chemical burns - ANSWER-Contact with acids, alkalis, or organic
compounds
What should be done immediately in a chemical burn - ANSWER-Remove the
chemical and any contaminated clothing quickly to stop tissue damage
1|Page
, Adult Health II Exam 2
What are the dangers of chemical burns - ANSWER-Ongoing tissue damage, risk to
the skin, eyes, respiratory system, liver, and kidneys
What are the three types of smoke inhalation injuries - ANSWER-Metabolic
asphyxiation, upper airway injury, and lower airway injury
What causes metabolic asphyxiation - ANSWER-Inhalation of carbon monoxide
(CO) from incomplete combustion displaces oxygen in hemoglobin, leading to
hypoxia
What are signs of carbon monoxide poisoning - ANSWER-Headache, confusion,
dizziness, nausea, cherry-red skin, and possibly death
What causes upper airway injury in burn patients - ANSWER-Inhalation of hot air,
steam, or smoke affecting the mouth, oropharynx, and larynx
What are signs of upper airway burn injury - ANSWER-Facial burns, singed nasal
hair, hoarseness, painful swallowing, carbonaceous sputum, darkened mucous
membranes, and a history of enclosed-space fire
What is a major concern with upper airway injury - ANSWER-Swelling and eschar
can cause airway obstruction
What causes lower airway injury - ANSWER-Prolonged exposure to smoke or toxic
fumes damaging the trachea, bronchioles, and alveoli
2|Page
, Adult Health II Exam 2
When do symptoms of lower airway injury usually appear - ANSWER-12 to 24
hours after the burn, often presenting as acute respiratory distress syndrome
(ARDS)
Why are electrical burns dangerous - ANSWER-They can cause internal injury
disproportionate to surface burns, including cardiac arrhythmias
What is used to estimate total body surface area (TBSA) burned - ANSWER-Rule of
Nines and Lund-Browder chart
Which TBSA estimation method is more accurate - ANSWER-Lund-Browder chart
Why is the location of a burn significant - ANSWER-Certain locations (face, neck,
chest, perineum, hands, feet) affect airway, infection risk, and self-care ability
What is the emergent (resuscitative) phase in burn care - ANSWER-The first 72
hours post-injury focused on airway management, fluid resuscitation, and
preventing shock
What are signs of hypovolemic shock in burn patients - ANSWER-Low blood
pressure, rapid pulse, decreased urine output, and altered mental status
What are complications during the emergent phase - ANSWER-Cardiac
dysrhythmias, ischemia, sludging, ARDS, pneumonia, renal ischemia, and acute
tubular necrosis
3|Page
, Adult Health II Exam 2
What is a priority intervention for facial burns - ANSWER-Early endotracheal
intubation to secure the airway
What fluid is used during burn resuscitation - ANSWER-Lactated Ringer's solution
What determines fluid replacement needs in burns - ANSWER-Size and depth of
burn, patient age, and clinical condition
How is wound care managed during the emergent phase - ANSWER-With dressing
changes, the closed method, and temporary grafts such as allografts or
homografts
What analgesics and sedatives are commonly used for burn patients - ANSWER-
Morphine, hydromorphone (Dilaudid), haloperidol (Haldol), lorazepam (Ativan),
and midazolam (Versed)
Why are tetanus vaccines given to burn patients - ANSWER-To prevent tetanus
infection due to open wounds
What topical antimicrobials are used in burn treatment - ANSWER-Silver
sulfadiazine (Silvadene) and mafenide acetate (Sulfamylon)
Why are systemic antibiotics not routinely used in burn care - ANSWER-They are
only used if sepsis is diagnosed due to poor penetration and resistance risk
4|Page
ADULT HEALTH II EXAM 2 NEWEST 2025/2026 WITH COMPLETE
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS |ALREADY GRADED
A+||BRAND NEW VERSION!
What are the three layers of skin affected by burns - ANSWER-Epidermis, dermis,
and subcutaneous tissue
What are the four classifications of burn depth - ANSWER-Superficial, partial-
thickness, deep partial-thickness, and full-thickness burns
What are the primary types of burn injuries - ANSWER-Thermal, chemical, smoke
inhalation, and electrical
What causes thermal burns - ANSWER-Flames, flash, scald, or contact with hot
objects
What distinguishes partial-thickness burns from full-thickness burns - ANSWER-
Partial-thickness burns damage the epidermis and part of the dermis and are
often painful with blisters; full-thickness burns destroy both layers and may be
painless with a leathery appearance and require grafting
What causes chemical burns - ANSWER-Contact with acids, alkalis, or organic
compounds
What should be done immediately in a chemical burn - ANSWER-Remove the
chemical and any contaminated clothing quickly to stop tissue damage
1|Page
, Adult Health II Exam 2
What are the dangers of chemical burns - ANSWER-Ongoing tissue damage, risk to
the skin, eyes, respiratory system, liver, and kidneys
What are the three types of smoke inhalation injuries - ANSWER-Metabolic
asphyxiation, upper airway injury, and lower airway injury
What causes metabolic asphyxiation - ANSWER-Inhalation of carbon monoxide
(CO) from incomplete combustion displaces oxygen in hemoglobin, leading to
hypoxia
What are signs of carbon monoxide poisoning - ANSWER-Headache, confusion,
dizziness, nausea, cherry-red skin, and possibly death
What causes upper airway injury in burn patients - ANSWER-Inhalation of hot air,
steam, or smoke affecting the mouth, oropharynx, and larynx
What are signs of upper airway burn injury - ANSWER-Facial burns, singed nasal
hair, hoarseness, painful swallowing, carbonaceous sputum, darkened mucous
membranes, and a history of enclosed-space fire
What is a major concern with upper airway injury - ANSWER-Swelling and eschar
can cause airway obstruction
What causes lower airway injury - ANSWER-Prolonged exposure to smoke or toxic
fumes damaging the trachea, bronchioles, and alveoli
2|Page
, Adult Health II Exam 2
When do symptoms of lower airway injury usually appear - ANSWER-12 to 24
hours after the burn, often presenting as acute respiratory distress syndrome
(ARDS)
Why are electrical burns dangerous - ANSWER-They can cause internal injury
disproportionate to surface burns, including cardiac arrhythmias
What is used to estimate total body surface area (TBSA) burned - ANSWER-Rule of
Nines and Lund-Browder chart
Which TBSA estimation method is more accurate - ANSWER-Lund-Browder chart
Why is the location of a burn significant - ANSWER-Certain locations (face, neck,
chest, perineum, hands, feet) affect airway, infection risk, and self-care ability
What is the emergent (resuscitative) phase in burn care - ANSWER-The first 72
hours post-injury focused on airway management, fluid resuscitation, and
preventing shock
What are signs of hypovolemic shock in burn patients - ANSWER-Low blood
pressure, rapid pulse, decreased urine output, and altered mental status
What are complications during the emergent phase - ANSWER-Cardiac
dysrhythmias, ischemia, sludging, ARDS, pneumonia, renal ischemia, and acute
tubular necrosis
3|Page
, Adult Health II Exam 2
What is a priority intervention for facial burns - ANSWER-Early endotracheal
intubation to secure the airway
What fluid is used during burn resuscitation - ANSWER-Lactated Ringer's solution
What determines fluid replacement needs in burns - ANSWER-Size and depth of
burn, patient age, and clinical condition
How is wound care managed during the emergent phase - ANSWER-With dressing
changes, the closed method, and temporary grafts such as allografts or
homografts
What analgesics and sedatives are commonly used for burn patients - ANSWER-
Morphine, hydromorphone (Dilaudid), haloperidol (Haldol), lorazepam (Ativan),
and midazolam (Versed)
Why are tetanus vaccines given to burn patients - ANSWER-To prevent tetanus
infection due to open wounds
What topical antimicrobials are used in burn treatment - ANSWER-Silver
sulfadiazine (Silvadene) and mafenide acetate (Sulfamylon)
Why are systemic antibiotics not routinely used in burn care - ANSWER-They are
only used if sepsis is diagnosed due to poor penetration and resistance risk
4|Page
