AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEM (Y1M4) EXAM QUESTIONS ANSWERED CORRECTLY LATEST
UPDATE 2025-2026
What is the effector of the somatic nervous system? - Answers Voluntary muscle
What is the effector of the autonomic nervous system? - Answers Cardiac muscle glands
Smooth muscle
What is the general function of the SNS? - Answers Adjustment to external environment
What is the general function of the ANS? - Answers Adjustment within internal environment
How many neurons does the SNS have compared tot he ANS? - Answers SNS: 1
ANS: 2
What is the main neurotransmitter for the somatic nervous system? - Answers Acetylcholine
What is the main neurotransmitter for the autonomic nervous system? - Answers Acetylcholine
Adrenaline
Noradrenaline
What is the centre of the somatic nervous system? - Answers Anterior horn cells
What is the centre of the autonomic nervous system? - Answers Lateral horn cells
Define antagonistic dual innervation and provide an example - Answers - Sympathetic and
parasympathetic fibers innervate the same cells
- Actions counteract each other
- Ex: heart rate
Define complementary dual innervation and provide an example - Answers - Sympathetic and
parasympathetic stimulation produces similar effects
- Ex. Salivary gland secretion
Define cooperative dual innervation and provide an example - Answers - Sympathetic and
parasympathetic stimulation produce different effects that work together to produce the
desired effect
- Ex. Micturition (Urinating)
Which system is responsible for the fight or flight response? - Answers Sympathetic nervous
system
, Which system is responsible for "rest and digest"? - Answers Parasympathetic nervous system
What are the main responses of the sympathetic nervous system? - Answers 1. Increased HR,
BP
2. Widely dilated pupils
3. Pallor (Pale of fear)
4. Cold sweat
5. Dry mouth
What are the main responses of the parasympathetic nervous system? - Answers 1. Increase
gland secretion
2. Decrease in HR, BP
3. Smooth relaxation (voiding = pooping)
4. Accommodation (lens = eyes adjusting)
5. Increase peristalsis
What organs receive only sympathetic innervation? - Answers - Adrenal medulla
- Erector pili muscle
- Sweat glands
- Most blood veseels
What are the two types of cholinoceptors? - Answers 1. Nicotinic
2. Muscarinic
What are the two types of adrenoceptors? - Answers Alpha
Beta (1, 2)
Which adrenoceptors are excitatory? - Answers Alpha, except in GI tract
Which adrenoceptors are inhibitory? - Answers Beta, except in heart where they are excitatory
Where are beta 1 cells mainly found? - Answers In the heart (excitatory)
Where are beta 2 cells mainly found? - Answers Bronchi
Urinary bladder
UPDATE 2025-2026
What is the effector of the somatic nervous system? - Answers Voluntary muscle
What is the effector of the autonomic nervous system? - Answers Cardiac muscle glands
Smooth muscle
What is the general function of the SNS? - Answers Adjustment to external environment
What is the general function of the ANS? - Answers Adjustment within internal environment
How many neurons does the SNS have compared tot he ANS? - Answers SNS: 1
ANS: 2
What is the main neurotransmitter for the somatic nervous system? - Answers Acetylcholine
What is the main neurotransmitter for the autonomic nervous system? - Answers Acetylcholine
Adrenaline
Noradrenaline
What is the centre of the somatic nervous system? - Answers Anterior horn cells
What is the centre of the autonomic nervous system? - Answers Lateral horn cells
Define antagonistic dual innervation and provide an example - Answers - Sympathetic and
parasympathetic fibers innervate the same cells
- Actions counteract each other
- Ex: heart rate
Define complementary dual innervation and provide an example - Answers - Sympathetic and
parasympathetic stimulation produces similar effects
- Ex. Salivary gland secretion
Define cooperative dual innervation and provide an example - Answers - Sympathetic and
parasympathetic stimulation produce different effects that work together to produce the
desired effect
- Ex. Micturition (Urinating)
Which system is responsible for the fight or flight response? - Answers Sympathetic nervous
system
, Which system is responsible for "rest and digest"? - Answers Parasympathetic nervous system
What are the main responses of the sympathetic nervous system? - Answers 1. Increased HR,
BP
2. Widely dilated pupils
3. Pallor (Pale of fear)
4. Cold sweat
5. Dry mouth
What are the main responses of the parasympathetic nervous system? - Answers 1. Increase
gland secretion
2. Decrease in HR, BP
3. Smooth relaxation (voiding = pooping)
4. Accommodation (lens = eyes adjusting)
5. Increase peristalsis
What organs receive only sympathetic innervation? - Answers - Adrenal medulla
- Erector pili muscle
- Sweat glands
- Most blood veseels
What are the two types of cholinoceptors? - Answers 1. Nicotinic
2. Muscarinic
What are the two types of adrenoceptors? - Answers Alpha
Beta (1, 2)
Which adrenoceptors are excitatory? - Answers Alpha, except in GI tract
Which adrenoceptors are inhibitory? - Answers Beta, except in heart where they are excitatory
Where are beta 1 cells mainly found? - Answers In the heart (excitatory)
Where are beta 2 cells mainly found? - Answers Bronchi
Urinary bladder
