Living Environment - Regents Review Exam
Questions and Answers
Ecology - -the study of hoe organisms interact with the living and nonliving evironment
-Abiotic Factors - -water, oxygen, soil, sunlight, temperature, minerals
-Biotic Factors - -animals, plants, fungi, protists, bacteria
-Habitat - -The home of a species
-Niche - -The role each species plays in an ecosystem
-Population - -All the organisms of a single species that live in the same area
-Community - -All the different populations that live in an area
-Biosphere - -All of the earth's ecosystems
-Competition - -The struggle for resources among organisms
-Limiting Factor - -Things in the environment that limit the sizw of populations
-Examples of Limiting Factor - --Lack of food, water, space
- Overpopulation
- Destruction of ecosystems
-Urbanization
-Carrying Capacity - -The number of organisms of any species that an ecosystem can
support
-Predators - -kill and eat other organisms
-Prey - -what is killed for food
-Parasitism - -a relationship where one organism benefits and one organism is harmed
-Autotroph - -make their own food by photosynthesis
ex. plants, euglenas. some bacteria
-Heterotrophs - -Cannot make their own food, obtain food from another source
ex. giraffes, humans, cats
-Carnivore - -feed on other animals or meat
, ex. lions, hawks, tigers
-Omnivore - -feed on both plants and animals
ex. humans, black bears
-Consumer - -cannot make their own food, feed on other organisms
ex. humans, dogs
-Decomposer - -obtain nutrients by breaking down the remains of dead plants/animals
and return nutrients to the soil
Ex. bacteria, fungi
-Scavenger - -feed on dead animals they find
ex. hyenas, vultures, crows
-Food chain - -follow a single path of energy
-Food web - -A group of food chains
-Food chain example - -Grass ---> deer ---> wolf
-Plants - -main source of energy on earth
-Bottom of Ecology Pyramid - -Where the largest amount of energy, biomass and
producers are located
-Water Cycle - -precipitation, percolation, runoff, transpiration, evaporation, condensation
-Carbon Dioxide/Oxygen Cycle - -Humans give off carbon dioxide which plants use for
photosynthesis. Plants give off oxygen which humans use for respiration
-Nitrogen Cycle - -The nitrogen remains in the dead organisms and must be made
available to living plans for reuse by being converted from ammonia to a usable kind of
nitrogen
-Biodiversity - -measure of the number of different organisms living in an ecosystem
-How humans affect biodiversity - --exploitation of species
-deforestation
-over hunting
-importing exotic species
-habitat destruction
-overpopulation
-use of CFCs
Questions and Answers
Ecology - -the study of hoe organisms interact with the living and nonliving evironment
-Abiotic Factors - -water, oxygen, soil, sunlight, temperature, minerals
-Biotic Factors - -animals, plants, fungi, protists, bacteria
-Habitat - -The home of a species
-Niche - -The role each species plays in an ecosystem
-Population - -All the organisms of a single species that live in the same area
-Community - -All the different populations that live in an area
-Biosphere - -All of the earth's ecosystems
-Competition - -The struggle for resources among organisms
-Limiting Factor - -Things in the environment that limit the sizw of populations
-Examples of Limiting Factor - --Lack of food, water, space
- Overpopulation
- Destruction of ecosystems
-Urbanization
-Carrying Capacity - -The number of organisms of any species that an ecosystem can
support
-Predators - -kill and eat other organisms
-Prey - -what is killed for food
-Parasitism - -a relationship where one organism benefits and one organism is harmed
-Autotroph - -make their own food by photosynthesis
ex. plants, euglenas. some bacteria
-Heterotrophs - -Cannot make their own food, obtain food from another source
ex. giraffes, humans, cats
-Carnivore - -feed on other animals or meat
, ex. lions, hawks, tigers
-Omnivore - -feed on both plants and animals
ex. humans, black bears
-Consumer - -cannot make their own food, feed on other organisms
ex. humans, dogs
-Decomposer - -obtain nutrients by breaking down the remains of dead plants/animals
and return nutrients to the soil
Ex. bacteria, fungi
-Scavenger - -feed on dead animals they find
ex. hyenas, vultures, crows
-Food chain - -follow a single path of energy
-Food web - -A group of food chains
-Food chain example - -Grass ---> deer ---> wolf
-Plants - -main source of energy on earth
-Bottom of Ecology Pyramid - -Where the largest amount of energy, biomass and
producers are located
-Water Cycle - -precipitation, percolation, runoff, transpiration, evaporation, condensation
-Carbon Dioxide/Oxygen Cycle - -Humans give off carbon dioxide which plants use for
photosynthesis. Plants give off oxygen which humans use for respiration
-Nitrogen Cycle - -The nitrogen remains in the dead organisms and must be made
available to living plans for reuse by being converted from ammonia to a usable kind of
nitrogen
-Biodiversity - -measure of the number of different organisms living in an ecosystem
-How humans affect biodiversity - --exploitation of species
-deforestation
-over hunting
-importing exotic species
-habitat destruction
-overpopulation
-use of CFCs
