Living Environment Regents Review Topic 1
Exam Questions with Answers
Homeostasis - -A balanced state in an organism's body. All living things must maintain
homeostasis. Failure to maintain homeostasis results in death or disease
-Feedback mechanisms - -Cycles in which the product of one reaction causes another to
start or stop. Homeostasis is often maintained using feedback mechanisms.
-Dynamic equilibrium - -A balanced state created by many small, opposing changes
-Life processes - -All living things carry out the same basically chemical processes. Taken
together, these processes make up an organism's metabolism
-Metabolism - -All the chemical processes that take place in an organism
-Nutrition - -Using nutrients for growth, synthesis, repair and energy
-Respiration - -Converts energy in food into a usable form (ATP)
-Synthesis - -Making complex chemicals from simple substances
-Transport - -Absorbing and distributing materials throughout the body
-Regulation - -The control and coordination of life processes
-Excretion - -Removing of wastes produced by metabolic activities
-Reproduction - -Passes on genes to offspring
-Inorganic chemicals - -Simple compounds
-Water (H2O) - --Most common substance in all living things (about 60% of body mass)
-needed for chemical reactions (won't happen in "dry" conditions)
-dissolves other molecules into solution, allowing them to be transported through the body
-Oxygen (O2) - --Needed by most organisms for cellular respiration
-released by plants and algae as a waste product of photosynthesis
-Aerobic respiration - -Process that uses oxygen to extract energy from glucose. Used by
most organisms
-Anaerobic respiration - --Process that extracts energy from glucose without using oxygen.
Exam Questions with Answers
Homeostasis - -A balanced state in an organism's body. All living things must maintain
homeostasis. Failure to maintain homeostasis results in death or disease
-Feedback mechanisms - -Cycles in which the product of one reaction causes another to
start or stop. Homeostasis is often maintained using feedback mechanisms.
-Dynamic equilibrium - -A balanced state created by many small, opposing changes
-Life processes - -All living things carry out the same basically chemical processes. Taken
together, these processes make up an organism's metabolism
-Metabolism - -All the chemical processes that take place in an organism
-Nutrition - -Using nutrients for growth, synthesis, repair and energy
-Respiration - -Converts energy in food into a usable form (ATP)
-Synthesis - -Making complex chemicals from simple substances
-Transport - -Absorbing and distributing materials throughout the body
-Regulation - -The control and coordination of life processes
-Excretion - -Removing of wastes produced by metabolic activities
-Reproduction - -Passes on genes to offspring
-Inorganic chemicals - -Simple compounds
-Water (H2O) - --Most common substance in all living things (about 60% of body mass)
-needed for chemical reactions (won't happen in "dry" conditions)
-dissolves other molecules into solution, allowing them to be transported through the body
-Oxygen (O2) - --Needed by most organisms for cellular respiration
-released by plants and algae as a waste product of photosynthesis
-Aerobic respiration - -Process that uses oxygen to extract energy from glucose. Used by
most organisms
-Anaerobic respiration - --Process that extracts energy from glucose without using oxygen.
