Living Environment Regents Review Exam |
323 Questions and Answers
Ecology - -The study of how living things interact with each other and with their own
environment
-Species - -A group of organisms that share certain characteristics and can mate with one
another, producing fertile offspring
-Population - -All the individuals of a single species that live in specific area
-Community - -A combination of all the different populations that live and interact in the
same enviorment
-Ecosystem - -All the living and non-living things that interact in a species area;a
subdivision of the enviorment
-Autotroph - -An organism that produces its own food; the source of energy for all other
living things on earth
-Heterotroph - -An organism that cannot make its own food; a consumer
-Producer - -An organism that makes its own food from light energy and inorganic
materials
-Consumer - -An organisms that obtains its energy from producers
-Decomposer - -An organism, generally a bacteria or organisms, that consumes dead
organisms and organic waste
-Food chain - -A representation that identifies the specific relationships among organisms
-Food web - -A representation of many interconnected food chains that shows the feeding
relationships among
-Observations - -Any information that is collected with any of the senses
-Data - -The results of specific traits or tests completed during experiments
-Hypothesis - -A statment that predicts a relathionship between cause and effect in a way
that can be tested
-Sexual reproduction - -A method of reproduction that involves two parents producing
offspring that are generally different from either parent
,-Asexual reproduction - -A method of reproduction in which all the genes passed on to the
offspring come from a single individual or parent
-Stimulus - -Any change in the enviorment that causes an organism to react
-Homeostasis - -The ability of an organism to maintain a stable internal environment even
when the external environment changes
-Evolution - -The process by which species have changed overtime
-Nucleus - -A large structure within a cell metabolism and stores generic information
including chromosomes over time
-Animo acids - -Any one of several building blocks of protein
-Enzyme - -Proteins that speed up the rate of chemical reactions in living things
-Biotic - -The living parts of the enviornment
-Abiotic - -The nonliving parts of the environment
-Habitat - -The place where a plant or animal lives
-Niche - -The specific role played by an organisms or a population of organisms in the
encyclopedia
-Limiting factor - -Any factor in the environment that limits the size of a population
-Biodeversity - -The variety of species in an area
-Stem - -The main stalk of a plant
-Embryo - -An organism in the early stages of development
-Guard cell - -Specialized cells that control the opening and closing the pores on the
surface of the leaf
-Extinction - -The disappearance of all members of a species on earth
-Global warming - -An increase in earth's average surface caused by an increase in
greenhouse gases
-Cell - -The basic unit of structure and function that makes up all organisms
, -Chormosoms - -A thick thread like structure that contains genetic information in the form
of DNA
-Ribosomes - -Tiny structures in the cell that are the sites of protein production
-Vacuoles - -Storage sacs within the cytoplasm of a cell that may contain either wastes or
useful materials, such as water or food
-Mitochondria - -Pod shaped organelles that contain enzymes used to extract energy from
nutrients
-Mutation - -Any alternation in the sequence of DNA
-Selective breeding - -The process of choosing a few organisms with deliberate traits to
serve as the parents of the next generation
-Genetic engineering - -A set of technologies that humans use to Alter the genetic
instructions of an organism b substituting DNA molecules
-Fossil record - -A collection of fossils used to represent earths history
-Natural selection - -The process b which the organisms that are best adapted to specific
environment survive and produce more offspring that organisms that are not as well
adapted
-Relative dating - -Determining the order of past events without determining absolute age
-Period - -Length of time
-Trait - -Families sharing a set of similar characteristics
-Bacteria - -Any one of many single-felled organisms without a distinct nucleus
-Fungi - -A kingdom of organisms that are mostly multicellular have cell walls made of
chitin and are heterotrophic
-Virus - -A non living particle of proteins and genetic material that reproduces by invading
the cell of a living organsm
-Pathogen - -An organism that invades the body causing disease
-Vaccine - -A substance made of weakened killed or or partial pathogens and designed to
protect the body from future invasions of that pathogen
-Antibiotic - -Medicine that inhabits the growth of bacteria
323 Questions and Answers
Ecology - -The study of how living things interact with each other and with their own
environment
-Species - -A group of organisms that share certain characteristics and can mate with one
another, producing fertile offspring
-Population - -All the individuals of a single species that live in specific area
-Community - -A combination of all the different populations that live and interact in the
same enviorment
-Ecosystem - -All the living and non-living things that interact in a species area;a
subdivision of the enviorment
-Autotroph - -An organism that produces its own food; the source of energy for all other
living things on earth
-Heterotroph - -An organism that cannot make its own food; a consumer
-Producer - -An organism that makes its own food from light energy and inorganic
materials
-Consumer - -An organisms that obtains its energy from producers
-Decomposer - -An organism, generally a bacteria or organisms, that consumes dead
organisms and organic waste
-Food chain - -A representation that identifies the specific relationships among organisms
-Food web - -A representation of many interconnected food chains that shows the feeding
relationships among
-Observations - -Any information that is collected with any of the senses
-Data - -The results of specific traits or tests completed during experiments
-Hypothesis - -A statment that predicts a relathionship between cause and effect in a way
that can be tested
-Sexual reproduction - -A method of reproduction that involves two parents producing
offspring that are generally different from either parent
,-Asexual reproduction - -A method of reproduction in which all the genes passed on to the
offspring come from a single individual or parent
-Stimulus - -Any change in the enviorment that causes an organism to react
-Homeostasis - -The ability of an organism to maintain a stable internal environment even
when the external environment changes
-Evolution - -The process by which species have changed overtime
-Nucleus - -A large structure within a cell metabolism and stores generic information
including chromosomes over time
-Animo acids - -Any one of several building blocks of protein
-Enzyme - -Proteins that speed up the rate of chemical reactions in living things
-Biotic - -The living parts of the enviornment
-Abiotic - -The nonliving parts of the environment
-Habitat - -The place where a plant or animal lives
-Niche - -The specific role played by an organisms or a population of organisms in the
encyclopedia
-Limiting factor - -Any factor in the environment that limits the size of a population
-Biodeversity - -The variety of species in an area
-Stem - -The main stalk of a plant
-Embryo - -An organism in the early stages of development
-Guard cell - -Specialized cells that control the opening and closing the pores on the
surface of the leaf
-Extinction - -The disappearance of all members of a species on earth
-Global warming - -An increase in earth's average surface caused by an increase in
greenhouse gases
-Cell - -The basic unit of structure and function that makes up all organisms
, -Chormosoms - -A thick thread like structure that contains genetic information in the form
of DNA
-Ribosomes - -Tiny structures in the cell that are the sites of protein production
-Vacuoles - -Storage sacs within the cytoplasm of a cell that may contain either wastes or
useful materials, such as water or food
-Mitochondria - -Pod shaped organelles that contain enzymes used to extract energy from
nutrients
-Mutation - -Any alternation in the sequence of DNA
-Selective breeding - -The process of choosing a few organisms with deliberate traits to
serve as the parents of the next generation
-Genetic engineering - -A set of technologies that humans use to Alter the genetic
instructions of an organism b substituting DNA molecules
-Fossil record - -A collection of fossils used to represent earths history
-Natural selection - -The process b which the organisms that are best adapted to specific
environment survive and produce more offspring that organisms that are not as well
adapted
-Relative dating - -Determining the order of past events without determining absolute age
-Period - -Length of time
-Trait - -Families sharing a set of similar characteristics
-Bacteria - -Any one of many single-felled organisms without a distinct nucleus
-Fungi - -A kingdom of organisms that are mostly multicellular have cell walls made of
chitin and are heterotrophic
-Virus - -A non living particle of proteins and genetic material that reproduces by invading
the cell of a living organsm
-Pathogen - -An organism that invades the body causing disease
-Vaccine - -A substance made of weakened killed or or partial pathogens and designed to
protect the body from future invasions of that pathogen
-Antibiotic - -Medicine that inhabits the growth of bacteria
