NUR 453 EXAM 1 QUESTIONS & ANSWERS
osmolarity range - Answer -275-295
(Na range x2)
wants to retain fluid intravascular
[oncotic/hydrostatic] - Answer -oncotic
force fluids to get out of the blood vessels
[oncotic/hydrostatic] - Answer -hydrostatic
arterial end [oncotic/hydrostatic] pressure is higher - Answer -hydrostatic
aldosterone
retain ___
excrete ___ - Answer -Na
K
helps body retain fluid by keeping on water - Answer -ADH
chronic disease main cause of secondary hypoparathyroidism - Answer -renal disease
_______--> angiotensinogen --> angiotensin I --> angiotensin II - Answer -renin
D5W is a _____ solution
initially, then becomes __________ - Answer -isotonic
hypotonic
1/2 NS is a _________ solution - Answer -hypotonic
fluid volume deficit
HR [high/low]
BP [high/low] - Answer -high
low
fluid overload aka [hypo/hyper]tonic overhydration - Answer -hypo
K sparing diuretic and aldosterone antagonist - Answer -spironolactone
(Na secretion and K retention)
common complaint with hyponatremia - Answer -cramping
early sign is muscle twitches, late sign is muscle weakness
hyper__ - Answer -Na
too much glucose can cause [increase/decrease] Na - Answer -decrease
, (incite a fake episode of hyponatremia)
chovstek and trousseau show up for hypoCa and hypo___ - Answer -Mg
◦Removal or destruction of the parathyroid glands
[hypo/hyper]Ca - Answer -hypo
which diuretic spares calcium - Answer -thiazide
brainstem
[decorticate/decerebrate] - Answer -decerebrate
mid brain
[decorticate/decerebrate] - Answer -decorticate
1.Which cranial nerve is affected with a dilated pupil? - Answer -3 (oculomotor)
1.What is indicative of midposition fixed bilateral pupils? - Answer -mid brain injury
normal ICP - Answer -5 15
cerebral perfusion pressure
minimum of __ amount of CPP for proper brain function - Answer -50
CPP calculation - Answer -MAP-ICP
MAP calculation - Answer -DBP + 1/3 (SBP-DBP)
Loss of motor function and vibration, position, and detach sensation on same side as
the cord damage - Answer -Brown sequard syndrome
•A complete but temporary loss of function - Answer -spinal shock
[true/false]
a patient suffering from myasthenia gravis has altered LOC - Answer -false
Antidote to cholinesterase inhibitor poisoning - Answer -atropine
[M/C] Crisis
Myasthenic/Cholinergic
◦Caused by anticholinesterase drug toxicity
◦Smooth muscle hyperactivity secondary to acetylcholine accumulation at the NM
junction and excessive parasympathetic like activity
◦Inc. intestinal motility (diarrhea, cramping)
◦Increased salivation, and increase sweating - Answer -C
osmolarity range - Answer -275-295
(Na range x2)
wants to retain fluid intravascular
[oncotic/hydrostatic] - Answer -oncotic
force fluids to get out of the blood vessels
[oncotic/hydrostatic] - Answer -hydrostatic
arterial end [oncotic/hydrostatic] pressure is higher - Answer -hydrostatic
aldosterone
retain ___
excrete ___ - Answer -Na
K
helps body retain fluid by keeping on water - Answer -ADH
chronic disease main cause of secondary hypoparathyroidism - Answer -renal disease
_______--> angiotensinogen --> angiotensin I --> angiotensin II - Answer -renin
D5W is a _____ solution
initially, then becomes __________ - Answer -isotonic
hypotonic
1/2 NS is a _________ solution - Answer -hypotonic
fluid volume deficit
HR [high/low]
BP [high/low] - Answer -high
low
fluid overload aka [hypo/hyper]tonic overhydration - Answer -hypo
K sparing diuretic and aldosterone antagonist - Answer -spironolactone
(Na secretion and K retention)
common complaint with hyponatremia - Answer -cramping
early sign is muscle twitches, late sign is muscle weakness
hyper__ - Answer -Na
too much glucose can cause [increase/decrease] Na - Answer -decrease
, (incite a fake episode of hyponatremia)
chovstek and trousseau show up for hypoCa and hypo___ - Answer -Mg
◦Removal or destruction of the parathyroid glands
[hypo/hyper]Ca - Answer -hypo
which diuretic spares calcium - Answer -thiazide
brainstem
[decorticate/decerebrate] - Answer -decerebrate
mid brain
[decorticate/decerebrate] - Answer -decorticate
1.Which cranial nerve is affected with a dilated pupil? - Answer -3 (oculomotor)
1.What is indicative of midposition fixed bilateral pupils? - Answer -mid brain injury
normal ICP - Answer -5 15
cerebral perfusion pressure
minimum of __ amount of CPP for proper brain function - Answer -50
CPP calculation - Answer -MAP-ICP
MAP calculation - Answer -DBP + 1/3 (SBP-DBP)
Loss of motor function and vibration, position, and detach sensation on same side as
the cord damage - Answer -Brown sequard syndrome
•A complete but temporary loss of function - Answer -spinal shock
[true/false]
a patient suffering from myasthenia gravis has altered LOC - Answer -false
Antidote to cholinesterase inhibitor poisoning - Answer -atropine
[M/C] Crisis
Myasthenic/Cholinergic
◦Caused by anticholinesterase drug toxicity
◦Smooth muscle hyperactivity secondary to acetylcholine accumulation at the NM
junction and excessive parasympathetic like activity
◦Inc. intestinal motility (diarrhea, cramping)
◦Increased salivation, and increase sweating - Answer -C
