AFAA-GFI Certification Exam Questions and Answers
kinetic chain - -interrelation of nervous, muscular & skeletal systems
-central nervous system - -includes brain & spinal cord, coordinates activity of body parts
-peripheral nervous system - -includes all nerves branching from spinal cord, extending
out to the body
-mechanoreceptors - -sense distortion in body tissues
-Golgi tendon organs - -sensitive to changes in tension
-muscle spindles - -sensitive to changes in length
-proprioception - -cumulative sensory input to the CNS from all mechanoreceptors
-tendons - -connect muscle to bone
-ligaments - -connect bone to bone
-sarcomeres - -individual contractile units; actin & myosin filaments
-type I muscle tissue - -slow twitch, more aerobic, resistant to fatigue
-type II muscle tissue - -fast twitch, more anaerobic, produce more speed & strength;
faster to fatigue
-behavioral properties of muscle - -extensibility, elasticity, irritability, ability to develop
tension
-what is the isolated function (concentric action) of the quadriceps - -knee extension; ex.
upward phase of a squat
-what is the isolated function (concentric action) of the hamstrings - -knee flexion; ex.
hamstring curl
-what is the isolated function (concentric action) of the gastrocnemius - -plantar flexion;
ex. calf raise
-what is the isolated function (concentric action) of the gluteus maximus - -hip extension
& external rotation; ex. upward phase of lunge
-what is the isolated function (concentric action) of the rectus abdominus - -spinal flexion,
lateral flexion & rotation; ex. ball crunch
, -what is the isolated function (concentric action) of the pectoralis major - -shoulder
flexion & horizontal adduction; ex. push up
-what is the isolated function (concentric action) of the latissimus dorsi - -shoulder
extension, adduction & internal rotation; ex. band row
-what is the isolated function (concentric action) of the biceps - -elbow flexion; ex. bicep
curl
-what is the isolated function (concentric action) of the triceps - -elbow extension; ex.
triceps extension
-axial skeleton - -skull, rib cage & vertebral column
-appendicular skeleton - -bones of the upper & lower extremities
-what are the skeletal system function - -movement, support, protection, blood
production, mineral storage
-non-synovial joint - -no joint cavity or connective tissue; little to no movement; ex.
sutures of the skull
-synovial joint - -produces synovial fluid; has joint cavity & connective tissue
-gliding joint - -no axis of rotation; slides side to side, back & forth; ex. carpals of the hand
-condyloid joint - -condyles of one bone fit elliptical cavities of another; one plane of
motion; ex. knee
-hinge joint - -uniaxial; one plane of motion; ex elbow
-saddle joint - -one bone fits like a saddle on another; 2 planes of motion (sagittal &
frontal); ex. thumb
-pivot joint - -one axis; transverse plane movement
-ball-and-socket joint - -most mobile; all 3 planes of motion; ex. shoulder
-what are the vertebrae of the spinal column - -lumbar, thoracic, cervical
-atria - -superior chambers of the heart; receive blood from outside the heart
-right atrium - -gathers deoxygenated blood from the body
-left atrium - -gathers oxygenated blood from lungs
kinetic chain - -interrelation of nervous, muscular & skeletal systems
-central nervous system - -includes brain & spinal cord, coordinates activity of body parts
-peripheral nervous system - -includes all nerves branching from spinal cord, extending
out to the body
-mechanoreceptors - -sense distortion in body tissues
-Golgi tendon organs - -sensitive to changes in tension
-muscle spindles - -sensitive to changes in length
-proprioception - -cumulative sensory input to the CNS from all mechanoreceptors
-tendons - -connect muscle to bone
-ligaments - -connect bone to bone
-sarcomeres - -individual contractile units; actin & myosin filaments
-type I muscle tissue - -slow twitch, more aerobic, resistant to fatigue
-type II muscle tissue - -fast twitch, more anaerobic, produce more speed & strength;
faster to fatigue
-behavioral properties of muscle - -extensibility, elasticity, irritability, ability to develop
tension
-what is the isolated function (concentric action) of the quadriceps - -knee extension; ex.
upward phase of a squat
-what is the isolated function (concentric action) of the hamstrings - -knee flexion; ex.
hamstring curl
-what is the isolated function (concentric action) of the gastrocnemius - -plantar flexion;
ex. calf raise
-what is the isolated function (concentric action) of the gluteus maximus - -hip extension
& external rotation; ex. upward phase of lunge
-what is the isolated function (concentric action) of the rectus abdominus - -spinal flexion,
lateral flexion & rotation; ex. ball crunch
, -what is the isolated function (concentric action) of the pectoralis major - -shoulder
flexion & horizontal adduction; ex. push up
-what is the isolated function (concentric action) of the latissimus dorsi - -shoulder
extension, adduction & internal rotation; ex. band row
-what is the isolated function (concentric action) of the biceps - -elbow flexion; ex. bicep
curl
-what is the isolated function (concentric action) of the triceps - -elbow extension; ex.
triceps extension
-axial skeleton - -skull, rib cage & vertebral column
-appendicular skeleton - -bones of the upper & lower extremities
-what are the skeletal system function - -movement, support, protection, blood
production, mineral storage
-non-synovial joint - -no joint cavity or connective tissue; little to no movement; ex.
sutures of the skull
-synovial joint - -produces synovial fluid; has joint cavity & connective tissue
-gliding joint - -no axis of rotation; slides side to side, back & forth; ex. carpals of the hand
-condyloid joint - -condyles of one bone fit elliptical cavities of another; one plane of
motion; ex. knee
-hinge joint - -uniaxial; one plane of motion; ex elbow
-saddle joint - -one bone fits like a saddle on another; 2 planes of motion (sagittal &
frontal); ex. thumb
-pivot joint - -one axis; transverse plane movement
-ball-and-socket joint - -most mobile; all 3 planes of motion; ex. shoulder
-what are the vertebrae of the spinal column - -lumbar, thoracic, cervical
-atria - -superior chambers of the heart; receive blood from outside the heart
-right atrium - -gathers deoxygenated blood from the body
-left atrium - -gathers oxygenated blood from lungs
