AFAA - Group Fitness Instructor Chapter 3
What is the nervous system? - -A conglomeration of
billions of cells to provide
a communication network
within the human body.
-What is the central nervous system (CNS)? - -Division of the nervous system
comprising the brain and the
spinal cord; primary function
is to coordinate activity of all
parts of the body.
-What is the peripheral nervous system (PNS)? - -All of the nerve fi bers that
branch off from the spinal
cord and extend to the rest
of the body
-What is a neuron? - -Functional unit of the
nervous system.
-What are the three main parts of a neuron? - -cell body, axon, and dendrites
-What are mechanoreceptors? - -Sensory receptors responsible
for sensing change of
position in body tissues.
-What is proprioception? - -Cumulative sensory input to
the central nervous system
from all mechanoreceptors.
-What are muscle spindles? - -Receptors sensitive to
change in length of the
muscle, and the rate of that
change.
-What are Golgi tendon organs (GTOs)? - -Receptors sensitive to the
change in tension of the
muscle, and the rate of that
change.
-What are myofibrils? - -Tubular component of muscle
cells containing sarcomeres
and protein fi laments.
, -What are sarcomeres? - -Individual contractile units
made up of actin (thin) and
myosin (thick) fi laments.
-What does aerobic mean? - -Meaning "with oxygen," the
long-term energy production
cycle that occurs when
suffi cient oxygen is present.
-What does anaerobic mean? - -Meaning "without oxygen,"
the short-term energy production
cycle that occurs with
insufficient oxygen levels.
-What is the agonist? - -Muscle that works as the
prime mover of a joint
exercise.
-What are the synergists? - -Muscles that assist the prime
mover in a joint action.
-What are the antagonists? - -Muscles that oppose the
prime mover.
-What is a ligament? - -Strong connective tissue that
connects bone to bone.
-What 5 major roles does the skeletal system serve in the body? - -1. Movement—Bones
are levers, and joints are pivot points where movement occurs.
2. Support—Bones provide the framework.
3. Protection—Bones encase vital organs and protect them.
4. Blood production—Blood cells are formed in the bone marrow.
5. Mineral storage—Minerals, such as calcium and phosphorus, are stored in bones.
-What is the axial skeleton? - -Axial skeleton
Portion of the skeletal system
consisting of the bones of the
skull, rib cage, and vertebral
column.
-What is the appendicular skeleton? - -Portion of the skeleton that
includes the bones that
support the upper an lower
extremities.
-What are the bones of the spinal column? - -
What is the nervous system? - -A conglomeration of
billions of cells to provide
a communication network
within the human body.
-What is the central nervous system (CNS)? - -Division of the nervous system
comprising the brain and the
spinal cord; primary function
is to coordinate activity of all
parts of the body.
-What is the peripheral nervous system (PNS)? - -All of the nerve fi bers that
branch off from the spinal
cord and extend to the rest
of the body
-What is a neuron? - -Functional unit of the
nervous system.
-What are the three main parts of a neuron? - -cell body, axon, and dendrites
-What are mechanoreceptors? - -Sensory receptors responsible
for sensing change of
position in body tissues.
-What is proprioception? - -Cumulative sensory input to
the central nervous system
from all mechanoreceptors.
-What are muscle spindles? - -Receptors sensitive to
change in length of the
muscle, and the rate of that
change.
-What are Golgi tendon organs (GTOs)? - -Receptors sensitive to the
change in tension of the
muscle, and the rate of that
change.
-What are myofibrils? - -Tubular component of muscle
cells containing sarcomeres
and protein fi laments.
, -What are sarcomeres? - -Individual contractile units
made up of actin (thin) and
myosin (thick) fi laments.
-What does aerobic mean? - -Meaning "with oxygen," the
long-term energy production
cycle that occurs when
suffi cient oxygen is present.
-What does anaerobic mean? - -Meaning "without oxygen,"
the short-term energy production
cycle that occurs with
insufficient oxygen levels.
-What is the agonist? - -Muscle that works as the
prime mover of a joint
exercise.
-What are the synergists? - -Muscles that assist the prime
mover in a joint action.
-What are the antagonists? - -Muscles that oppose the
prime mover.
-What is a ligament? - -Strong connective tissue that
connects bone to bone.
-What 5 major roles does the skeletal system serve in the body? - -1. Movement—Bones
are levers, and joints are pivot points where movement occurs.
2. Support—Bones provide the framework.
3. Protection—Bones encase vital organs and protect them.
4. Blood production—Blood cells are formed in the bone marrow.
5. Mineral storage—Minerals, such as calcium and phosphorus, are stored in bones.
-What is the axial skeleton? - -Axial skeleton
Portion of the skeletal system
consisting of the bones of the
skull, rib cage, and vertebral
column.
-What is the appendicular skeleton? - -Portion of the skeleton that
includes the bones that
support the upper an lower
extremities.
-What are the bones of the spinal column? - -
