NR 341 - Complex Adult Health final MOSTLY
TESTED QUESTIONS and answers 2025\2026
update
Indication for arterial line placement? - ANS>>Hemodynamic monitoring
Multiple blood samples
Diagnostic or interventional radiology procedures
Continuous cardiac output monitoring
What test must be preformed prior to an arterial line placement? -
ANS>>Allen's test
How often should a fast flush test be preformed? - ANS>>Every 8 hours
After blood draws
If the hemodynamic status changes
When changing tubing
What are the most common sites for arterial line insertion? - ANS>>Radial
Femoral
Axillary
Dorsalis Pedis
,Brachial Arteries
Positioning for radial arterial line placement: - ANS>>30-60 degrees of
dorsiflexion with the aid of a roll of gauze and an armband.
Avoid hyperabduction of the thumb.
How often should the atrial line catheter be changed out? - ANS>>Every 7 days
Causes of inaccuracy in arterial line readings: - ANS>>Air bubbles in the catheter
system
Failure to zero the transducer air-fluid interface
Blood in the catheter system
Blood clot at the catheter tip
Kinking of the tubing system
Catheter tip lodging against the arterial wall
Soft, compliant tubing
Long tubing
Too many stopckcks (>3)
What is the pathology of afterload? - ANS>>The pressure in which the heart
must pump against in order to eject blood during systole.
,Medications that reduce afterload/preload include? - ANS>>Vasodilators
What is the pathology of preload? - ANS>>The filling pressure of the heart at
end of diastole.
What is systemic vascular resistance (SVR)? - ANS>>Resistance the left ventricle
must overcome to open the aortic valve and eject a volume of blood into
systemic circulation.
Systemic vascular resistance (SVR) is used for what calculations? - ANS>>Blood
pressure
Blood flow
Cardiac function
What is pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR)? - ANS>>Resistacne the right
ventricle must overcome to open the pulmonic valve and eject a volume of
blood in the pulmonary vasculature.
What is pulmonarartery occlusion pressure (PAOP)? - ANS>>The pressure
created by the volume of blood that remains in the left heart at end-diastole.
, Inotropic drugs mode of action: - ANS>>Negative inotropic drugs weaken the
force of muscular contractions.
Positive inotropic drugs increase the strength of muscular contractions.
Inotropic drug examples: - ANS>>Dobutamine
Digoxin
Milrinone
Dopamine
Vasodilator mode of actions: - ANS>>Relaxes the smooth muscles of the blood
vessels opening them up.
Vasodilator drug examples: - ANS>>CCBS:
Verapamil (Calan, Isoptin)
Diltiazem (Cardizem)
Atorvastatin (Lipitor)
Nitrates:
Sildenafil (Viagra)
Nitroprusside (Nipride, Nitropress)
ACE:
Captopril (Capoten)
TESTED QUESTIONS and answers 2025\2026
update
Indication for arterial line placement? - ANS>>Hemodynamic monitoring
Multiple blood samples
Diagnostic or interventional radiology procedures
Continuous cardiac output monitoring
What test must be preformed prior to an arterial line placement? -
ANS>>Allen's test
How often should a fast flush test be preformed? - ANS>>Every 8 hours
After blood draws
If the hemodynamic status changes
When changing tubing
What are the most common sites for arterial line insertion? - ANS>>Radial
Femoral
Axillary
Dorsalis Pedis
,Brachial Arteries
Positioning for radial arterial line placement: - ANS>>30-60 degrees of
dorsiflexion with the aid of a roll of gauze and an armband.
Avoid hyperabduction of the thumb.
How often should the atrial line catheter be changed out? - ANS>>Every 7 days
Causes of inaccuracy in arterial line readings: - ANS>>Air bubbles in the catheter
system
Failure to zero the transducer air-fluid interface
Blood in the catheter system
Blood clot at the catheter tip
Kinking of the tubing system
Catheter tip lodging against the arterial wall
Soft, compliant tubing
Long tubing
Too many stopckcks (>3)
What is the pathology of afterload? - ANS>>The pressure in which the heart
must pump against in order to eject blood during systole.
,Medications that reduce afterload/preload include? - ANS>>Vasodilators
What is the pathology of preload? - ANS>>The filling pressure of the heart at
end of diastole.
What is systemic vascular resistance (SVR)? - ANS>>Resistance the left ventricle
must overcome to open the aortic valve and eject a volume of blood into
systemic circulation.
Systemic vascular resistance (SVR) is used for what calculations? - ANS>>Blood
pressure
Blood flow
Cardiac function
What is pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR)? - ANS>>Resistacne the right
ventricle must overcome to open the pulmonic valve and eject a volume of
blood in the pulmonary vasculature.
What is pulmonarartery occlusion pressure (PAOP)? - ANS>>The pressure
created by the volume of blood that remains in the left heart at end-diastole.
, Inotropic drugs mode of action: - ANS>>Negative inotropic drugs weaken the
force of muscular contractions.
Positive inotropic drugs increase the strength of muscular contractions.
Inotropic drug examples: - ANS>>Dobutamine
Digoxin
Milrinone
Dopamine
Vasodilator mode of actions: - ANS>>Relaxes the smooth muscles of the blood
vessels opening them up.
Vasodilator drug examples: - ANS>>CCBS:
Verapamil (Calan, Isoptin)
Diltiazem (Cardizem)
Atorvastatin (Lipitor)
Nitrates:
Sildenafil (Viagra)
Nitroprusside (Nipride, Nitropress)
ACE:
Captopril (Capoten)
