Biol 189 Final Exam |96 Questions and Answers
ATP - -is the energy currency of cells
-genetics - -The study of physical inheritance among living things is
-A, T, G, or C - -The information used to make proteins is encoded by the four bases
-The result of an error in anaphase that failed to separate a pair of sister chromatids would
result in - -One cell would have an extra chromosome, and one cell would lack a
chromosome
-are aligned at the equator of a cell during metaphase - -Chromosomes
-during prophase - -The chromosomes become visible and the nucleus starts to break up
-during anaphase - -Sister chromatids are separating from each other
-How do daughter cells at the end of mitosis and cytokinesis compare with the parent cell
before DNA replication occurs? - -The daughter cells have the same number of
chromosomes and the same amount of DNA
-an organism that would reproduce by binary fission - -Bacteria
-zygote - -The fertilization of an egg by a sperm produces a cell called
-The products of meiosis - -four haploid cells
-What is the result of recombination (crossing over) during meiosis? - -It creates
chromosomes that are a new combination of paternal and maternal material
-What is the result of independent assortment during meiosis? - -Genetically diverse
gametes are produced
-An autosome - -is one of the non-sex chromosomes
-A human egg - -contains 22 autosomes and one X chromosome
-phenotype - -is the term for an observable trait of an organism
-Mendel crossed true - -breeding pea plants and found?- the dominant trait always
appeared in the F1 generation, but it appeared in a 3:1 ratio of dominant to recessive in the
F2 generation
, -The Law of Segregation - -states that differing characters in organisms result from two
alleles that separate in gamete formation, such that each gamete gets only one of the two
alleles
-homozygous - -When two identical alleles for a character are present, the genotype is
referred to as
-Let S = smooth pea and s = wrinkled pea Y = yellow pea and y = green pea. What are the
different possible genotypes of the gametes produced by a plant that is heterozygous for
both characters? - -SY, Sy, sY, sy
-Crossing two pink snapdragons yields some seeds that produce red-flowering plants,
some seeds that produce white-flowering plants and some seeds that produce pink-
flowering plants. If this trait operates by incomplete dominance and the allele R represents
red flowers and the allele r represents white flowers, what genotype would a plant with
pink flowers have for this trait? - -Rr
-If a person is unable to clot blood properly - -platelets are lacking
-A heart murmur would be associated with - -the malfunction of the
atrioventricular valves
-The left atrium - -chamber of the heart receives blood from the lungs
-The tiny air sacs of the lungs are called - -alveoli
-Most of the oxygen in human blood is carried in - -hemoglobin
-What do hemophilia, Duchenne muscular dystrophy, and red-green color blindness have
in common? - -They are X-linked
-A pedigree is a representation of - -a genetic family tree
-What single attribute determines that a human fetus is male? - -the presence of a Y
chromosome
-If the sequence TCGTA was used as a template in DNA replication, what would be the
sequence of bases on the newly synthesized strand? - -AGCAT
-A population of deer was threatened with overpopulation until cheetahs were imported.
After a couple of years, there were fewer deer, but the average running speed of the deer
had increased. This is an example of: - -natural selection
-The long neck of a giraffe has developed over a long period of time because giraffes have
needed to stretch their necks to reach food high in trees, and that quality has been passed
ATP - -is the energy currency of cells
-genetics - -The study of physical inheritance among living things is
-A, T, G, or C - -The information used to make proteins is encoded by the four bases
-The result of an error in anaphase that failed to separate a pair of sister chromatids would
result in - -One cell would have an extra chromosome, and one cell would lack a
chromosome
-are aligned at the equator of a cell during metaphase - -Chromosomes
-during prophase - -The chromosomes become visible and the nucleus starts to break up
-during anaphase - -Sister chromatids are separating from each other
-How do daughter cells at the end of mitosis and cytokinesis compare with the parent cell
before DNA replication occurs? - -The daughter cells have the same number of
chromosomes and the same amount of DNA
-an organism that would reproduce by binary fission - -Bacteria
-zygote - -The fertilization of an egg by a sperm produces a cell called
-The products of meiosis - -four haploid cells
-What is the result of recombination (crossing over) during meiosis? - -It creates
chromosomes that are a new combination of paternal and maternal material
-What is the result of independent assortment during meiosis? - -Genetically diverse
gametes are produced
-An autosome - -is one of the non-sex chromosomes
-A human egg - -contains 22 autosomes and one X chromosome
-phenotype - -is the term for an observable trait of an organism
-Mendel crossed true - -breeding pea plants and found?- the dominant trait always
appeared in the F1 generation, but it appeared in a 3:1 ratio of dominant to recessive in the
F2 generation
, -The Law of Segregation - -states that differing characters in organisms result from two
alleles that separate in gamete formation, such that each gamete gets only one of the two
alleles
-homozygous - -When two identical alleles for a character are present, the genotype is
referred to as
-Let S = smooth pea and s = wrinkled pea Y = yellow pea and y = green pea. What are the
different possible genotypes of the gametes produced by a plant that is heterozygous for
both characters? - -SY, Sy, sY, sy
-Crossing two pink snapdragons yields some seeds that produce red-flowering plants,
some seeds that produce white-flowering plants and some seeds that produce pink-
flowering plants. If this trait operates by incomplete dominance and the allele R represents
red flowers and the allele r represents white flowers, what genotype would a plant with
pink flowers have for this trait? - -Rr
-If a person is unable to clot blood properly - -platelets are lacking
-A heart murmur would be associated with - -the malfunction of the
atrioventricular valves
-The left atrium - -chamber of the heart receives blood from the lungs
-The tiny air sacs of the lungs are called - -alveoli
-Most of the oxygen in human blood is carried in - -hemoglobin
-What do hemophilia, Duchenne muscular dystrophy, and red-green color blindness have
in common? - -They are X-linked
-A pedigree is a representation of - -a genetic family tree
-What single attribute determines that a human fetus is male? - -the presence of a Y
chromosome
-If the sequence TCGTA was used as a template in DNA replication, what would be the
sequence of bases on the newly synthesized strand? - -AGCAT
-A population of deer was threatened with overpopulation until cheetahs were imported.
After a couple of years, there were fewer deer, but the average running speed of the deer
had increased. This is an example of: - -natural selection
-The long neck of a giraffe has developed over a long period of time because giraffes have
needed to stretch their necks to reach food high in trees, and that quality has been passed
