Biology 189 Exam 1 CSN – Questions and Answers
(CSN BIOL 189 with Professor Wainscott)
Empiricism - -Knowledge is only attainable through experience and observation
-Science - -The process of knowing about nature
-Data - -The raw material of science. Used to describe, classify, and explain nature.
Expressed in numbers and categories; and may be summarized statistically and graphically.
-Hypothetico-deductive Method - -AKA the scientific method. 1) Observe 2) Hypothesize
3) Predict 4) Test/Experiment 5) Conclusion [O.H.P.T.C.]
-Correlation - -A relationship among two (or more) factors. Can be positive or negative.
Magnitude is expressed r^2. Strong magnitude close to 1, weak magnitude close to 0.
-Positive Correlation - -A direct/proportional relationship. Factors move in the same
direction [+ slope]
-Negative Correlation - -An indirect/inverse relationship. Factors move in opposite
directions [- slope]
-Causation - -When change in one factor causes change in another factor
-5 Elements of an Experiment
I.D.S.E.C. - -1) Independent Variables, 2) Dependent Variables, 3) Standardized Variables,
4) Experimental Group, and 5) Control Group (I Dragged Sam Extra Carefully)
-The 10 Properties of Life
D.M.C.E.E.R.P.G.G.A. - -1) Diverse Molecules 2) Metabolize 3) Cellular Organization 4)
Expends Energy to Maintain Boundaries 5) Exhibits Homeostasis 6) Responds to Stimuli 7)
Proliferates its Kind 8) Grows and Develops 9) Guided by a Genome 10) Adapts to Change
(Dad Makes Cool Easter Eggs, Rapidly Producing Good Gifts Always)
-Biota - -Living things; have more types of molecules than non-life. Are often more
complex structurally and functionally (e.g. enzymes). Can be unicellular or multicellular
-Metabolism - -A set of pathways and processes in which biota exchange materials with
their environment and process energy to sustain life.
-Cells - -The biomass of all life organized into compartments; the basic unit of life. Are
organized within a hierarchy of material organization driven by energy.
-Biomass - -Tissue, cells, and organs (etc.)
, -Homeostasis - -Refers to regulating body systems to ensure an optimal operating
environment; is accomplished through negative feedback.
-Feedback Loop - -Consists of a stimulus that influences biota to act in a way that
influences the stimulus.
-Negative Feedback - -Counteracts stimuli; regulates or moderates processes such as body
temperature. Effector action returns value back to baseline
-Positive Feedback - -Reinforces stimuli; is associated with episodic events such as labor,
child birth, and fight or flight. Effector action moves value away from baseline
-External Stimuli - -Locate food, protection and repair, and perpetuate species
-Proliferation - -Increasing the number of individuals; biota proliferate by reproducing
themselves.
-Biotic Reproduction - -Is genetically programmed, transmission of genes from parents to
offspring, and offspring are similar to, but not exactly the same their parents
-Grow - -To increase in physical size
-Multicellular Biotic Development - -Involves changes in cell structure and shape, cell
function and activity, and relationships with other cells (integration)
-Genome - -Includes all sets of genes found in a species; does not determine your traits
within a vacuum, but does so with environmental influence. Is not static, but mutable (it
changes), this mutability enables biota to adapt.
-Genes - -Expressed as physical traits. Are responsible for: directing development,
managing homeostasis, coordinating responsiveness
-Unicellular - -Biota that are made up of a single cell (e.g. Bacteria, protists)
-Multicellular - -Biota made up of trillions of cells, multicellularity. Have more hierarchical
levels of organization than unicellular biota.
-Organisms - -Individuals multicellular biota
-Matter - -Anything that has mass and occupies space
-Atom - -Possess protons, neutrons, and electrons. Are all organized the same but may
differ in ratio of subatomic particles. The smallest unit of matter containing the properties
of an element. A unit quantity, how elements are packaged.
(CSN BIOL 189 with Professor Wainscott)
Empiricism - -Knowledge is only attainable through experience and observation
-Science - -The process of knowing about nature
-Data - -The raw material of science. Used to describe, classify, and explain nature.
Expressed in numbers and categories; and may be summarized statistically and graphically.
-Hypothetico-deductive Method - -AKA the scientific method. 1) Observe 2) Hypothesize
3) Predict 4) Test/Experiment 5) Conclusion [O.H.P.T.C.]
-Correlation - -A relationship among two (or more) factors. Can be positive or negative.
Magnitude is expressed r^2. Strong magnitude close to 1, weak magnitude close to 0.
-Positive Correlation - -A direct/proportional relationship. Factors move in the same
direction [+ slope]
-Negative Correlation - -An indirect/inverse relationship. Factors move in opposite
directions [- slope]
-Causation - -When change in one factor causes change in another factor
-5 Elements of an Experiment
I.D.S.E.C. - -1) Independent Variables, 2) Dependent Variables, 3) Standardized Variables,
4) Experimental Group, and 5) Control Group (I Dragged Sam Extra Carefully)
-The 10 Properties of Life
D.M.C.E.E.R.P.G.G.A. - -1) Diverse Molecules 2) Metabolize 3) Cellular Organization 4)
Expends Energy to Maintain Boundaries 5) Exhibits Homeostasis 6) Responds to Stimuli 7)
Proliferates its Kind 8) Grows and Develops 9) Guided by a Genome 10) Adapts to Change
(Dad Makes Cool Easter Eggs, Rapidly Producing Good Gifts Always)
-Biota - -Living things; have more types of molecules than non-life. Are often more
complex structurally and functionally (e.g. enzymes). Can be unicellular or multicellular
-Metabolism - -A set of pathways and processes in which biota exchange materials with
their environment and process energy to sustain life.
-Cells - -The biomass of all life organized into compartments; the basic unit of life. Are
organized within a hierarchy of material organization driven by energy.
-Biomass - -Tissue, cells, and organs (etc.)
, -Homeostasis - -Refers to regulating body systems to ensure an optimal operating
environment; is accomplished through negative feedback.
-Feedback Loop - -Consists of a stimulus that influences biota to act in a way that
influences the stimulus.
-Negative Feedback - -Counteracts stimuli; regulates or moderates processes such as body
temperature. Effector action returns value back to baseline
-Positive Feedback - -Reinforces stimuli; is associated with episodic events such as labor,
child birth, and fight or flight. Effector action moves value away from baseline
-External Stimuli - -Locate food, protection and repair, and perpetuate species
-Proliferation - -Increasing the number of individuals; biota proliferate by reproducing
themselves.
-Biotic Reproduction - -Is genetically programmed, transmission of genes from parents to
offspring, and offspring are similar to, but not exactly the same their parents
-Grow - -To increase in physical size
-Multicellular Biotic Development - -Involves changes in cell structure and shape, cell
function and activity, and relationships with other cells (integration)
-Genome - -Includes all sets of genes found in a species; does not determine your traits
within a vacuum, but does so with environmental influence. Is not static, but mutable (it
changes), this mutability enables biota to adapt.
-Genes - -Expressed as physical traits. Are responsible for: directing development,
managing homeostasis, coordinating responsiveness
-Unicellular - -Biota that are made up of a single cell (e.g. Bacteria, protists)
-Multicellular - -Biota made up of trillions of cells, multicellularity. Have more hierarchical
levels of organization than unicellular biota.
-Organisms - -Individuals multicellular biota
-Matter - -Anything that has mass and occupies space
-Atom - -Possess protons, neutrons, and electrons. Are all organized the same but may
differ in ratio of subatomic particles. The smallest unit of matter containing the properties
of an element. A unit quantity, how elements are packaged.
