Annual Syllabus (2025-26)
Class-11
Subject- Political Science (028)
Chapter Course Content
No.
PART-A: Indian Constitution at Work
Preparation of Project work.
1. Constitution: Why and How?
Why do we need a Constitution?-Constitution allows coordination and assurance, Specification of
decision making powers, Limitations on the powers of government, Aspirations and goals of a
society, Fundamental identity of the people. The authority of a Constitution-Mode of promulgation,
The substantive provisions of a Constitution, Balanced institutional design. How was the Indian
Constitution made?-Composition of the Constituent Assembly, Procedures, Inheritance of the
nationalist movement, Institutional arrangements. Provisions adapted from Constitutions of different
countries.
2. Rights in the Indian Constitution
The importance of Rights-Bill of Rights, Fundamental rights in the Indian Constitution-Right to
Equality, Right to Freedom, Right against Exploitation, Right to Freedom of Religion, Cultural and
Educational Rights, Right to Constitutional Remedies. Directive principles of state policy-What do
the directive principles contain?, Relationship between fundamental rights and directive principles.
3. Election and Representation
Elections and democracy. Election system in India-First Past the Post System, Proportional
Representation. Why did India adopt the FPTP system? Reservation of constituencies. Free and fair
elections-Universal franchise and right to contest, Independent Election Commission. Electoral
Reforms.
4. Executive
What is an executive? What are the different types of executives? Parliamentary executive in India-
Power and position of President, Discretionary Powers of the President. Prime Minister and Council
of Ministers. Permanent Executive: Bureaucracy.
5. Legislature
Why do we need a parliament? Why do we need two houses of parliament?-Rajya Sabha, Lok Sabha.
What does the parliament do?-Powers of Rajya Sabha, Special Powers of Rajya Sabha. How does the
parliament make laws? How does the parliament control the executive? What do the committees of
parliament do? How does the parliament regulate itself?
6. Judiciary
Why do we need an independent judiciary? Independence of Judiciary, Appointment of Judges,
Removal of Judges. Structure of the Judiciary. Jurisdiction of Supreme Court- Original Jurisdiction,
Writ Jurisdiction, Appellate Jurisdiction, Advisory Jurisdiction. Judicial Activism, Judiciary and
Rights, Judiciary and Parliament.
1
Class-11
Subject- Political Science (028)
Chapter Course Content
No.
PART-A: Indian Constitution at Work
Preparation of Project work.
1. Constitution: Why and How?
Why do we need a Constitution?-Constitution allows coordination and assurance, Specification of
decision making powers, Limitations on the powers of government, Aspirations and goals of a
society, Fundamental identity of the people. The authority of a Constitution-Mode of promulgation,
The substantive provisions of a Constitution, Balanced institutional design. How was the Indian
Constitution made?-Composition of the Constituent Assembly, Procedures, Inheritance of the
nationalist movement, Institutional arrangements. Provisions adapted from Constitutions of different
countries.
2. Rights in the Indian Constitution
The importance of Rights-Bill of Rights, Fundamental rights in the Indian Constitution-Right to
Equality, Right to Freedom, Right against Exploitation, Right to Freedom of Religion, Cultural and
Educational Rights, Right to Constitutional Remedies. Directive principles of state policy-What do
the directive principles contain?, Relationship between fundamental rights and directive principles.
3. Election and Representation
Elections and democracy. Election system in India-First Past the Post System, Proportional
Representation. Why did India adopt the FPTP system? Reservation of constituencies. Free and fair
elections-Universal franchise and right to contest, Independent Election Commission. Electoral
Reforms.
4. Executive
What is an executive? What are the different types of executives? Parliamentary executive in India-
Power and position of President, Discretionary Powers of the President. Prime Minister and Council
of Ministers. Permanent Executive: Bureaucracy.
5. Legislature
Why do we need a parliament? Why do we need two houses of parliament?-Rajya Sabha, Lok Sabha.
What does the parliament do?-Powers of Rajya Sabha, Special Powers of Rajya Sabha. How does the
parliament make laws? How does the parliament control the executive? What do the committees of
parliament do? How does the parliament regulate itself?
6. Judiciary
Why do we need an independent judiciary? Independence of Judiciary, Appointment of Judges,
Removal of Judges. Structure of the Judiciary. Jurisdiction of Supreme Court- Original Jurisdiction,
Writ Jurisdiction, Appellate Jurisdiction, Advisory Jurisdiction. Judicial Activism, Judiciary and
Rights, Judiciary and Parliament.
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