NUR 245 FINAL STUDY GUIDE EXAM |170 Q’S AND A’S
Subjective data - -patient's verbal descriptions of their health problems
-assessment, diagnosis, planning, intervention, evaluation - -What are the steps of the
nursing process?
-Diagnosis related to factors as evidenced by signs and symptoms - -What is a correct
format for a nursing diagnosis?
-Coping - -A person's cognitive and behavior efforts to manage stressors that seem to
exceed available resources. This includes emotion-focused coping and problem-focused
-Imagery - -A type of "special place: of mental retreat
-Relaxation breathing - -Do in stressful situations. Focuses on diaphragm. 4x4 technique is
helpful
-stress meditation - -state of increased concentration and awareness
-sleep apnea - -cessation of respirations for longer than 10 seconds during sleep
(complete or partial airway obstruction)
-sleep apnea - -caused by narrowing of air passages by relaxation of muscles and also by
the tongue and soft palate falling backward to cover the pharynx
-obesity, age, neck circumference (>17), smoking, craniofacial abnormalities, (more
common in women after menopause) - -Risk Factors of Sleep Apnea
-snoring, morning headaches, hypercapnia, insomnia, bad sleep - -Signs and symptoms of
sleep apnea
-polysomnograph 5 or more apnea episodes with a 3-4% decrease in o2 stat - -How do
you diagnose sleep apnea?
-sleep on side, elevate head of bed. Avoid alcohol and lose weight - -What are some
conservative treatments for sleep apnea?
-CPAP machine - -What are some treatments of severe sleep apnea?
-Ask questions and assess pt for stiffness, swelling, pain or difficulty moving, never push
beyond the resistance point or to the point of pain - -What are some principles of ROM
exercises?
-active ROM - -When the patient can move his joints himself
, -passive ROM - -when the patient needs help from the nurse to move his joints
-Malignant Hyperthermia - -A rare disorder characterized by hyperthermia with rigidity of
skeletal muscles than can result in death.
-Family history - -What is the most important thing to ask a patient when assessing for
malignant hyperthermia risk?
-malignant hyperthermia - -Results in muscle contracture, hyperthermia, hypoxemia,
lactic acidosis, and cardiac alterations. Also expected findings include tachycardia,
tachypnea and ventricular dysrhythmias. .
-identify actual and potential patient problems that may occur as a result of anesthesia and
surgery and intervene - -What is the primary goal of the PACU?
-Respiratory care - -What is a nurses biggest concern as the patient enters the PACU?
-ECG and intense monitoring (especially respiratory system) - -What is phase 1 of PACU
care?
-circulation, respiration - -Any evidence of inadequate _____________ or _______________ in the
PACU requires immediate intervention
-ambulation - -What is part of phase II of PACU care? And important for patients to do as
soon as they are able
-As soon as they enter the PACU - -When should you start explaining things to your patient
after surgery?
-Obstruction from patients tongue - -What is the most common cause of airway
compromise in the PACU?
-laterally - -What position should you put an unconscious patient for good airway
clearance?
-Elevate head of bed and supine - -What position should a conscious patient be in for good
airway clearance?
-Cough and deep breathe - -What should we encourage patients to do following any, but
especially abdominal surgery?
-Before the procedure - -When should we instruct a patient on the importance of coughing
and deep breathing following surgery?
-fluid loss - -What is the most common cause of hypotension following surgery?
Subjective data - -patient's verbal descriptions of their health problems
-assessment, diagnosis, planning, intervention, evaluation - -What are the steps of the
nursing process?
-Diagnosis related to factors as evidenced by signs and symptoms - -What is a correct
format for a nursing diagnosis?
-Coping - -A person's cognitive and behavior efforts to manage stressors that seem to
exceed available resources. This includes emotion-focused coping and problem-focused
-Imagery - -A type of "special place: of mental retreat
-Relaxation breathing - -Do in stressful situations. Focuses on diaphragm. 4x4 technique is
helpful
-stress meditation - -state of increased concentration and awareness
-sleep apnea - -cessation of respirations for longer than 10 seconds during sleep
(complete or partial airway obstruction)
-sleep apnea - -caused by narrowing of air passages by relaxation of muscles and also by
the tongue and soft palate falling backward to cover the pharynx
-obesity, age, neck circumference (>17), smoking, craniofacial abnormalities, (more
common in women after menopause) - -Risk Factors of Sleep Apnea
-snoring, morning headaches, hypercapnia, insomnia, bad sleep - -Signs and symptoms of
sleep apnea
-polysomnograph 5 or more apnea episodes with a 3-4% decrease in o2 stat - -How do
you diagnose sleep apnea?
-sleep on side, elevate head of bed. Avoid alcohol and lose weight - -What are some
conservative treatments for sleep apnea?
-CPAP machine - -What are some treatments of severe sleep apnea?
-Ask questions and assess pt for stiffness, swelling, pain or difficulty moving, never push
beyond the resistance point or to the point of pain - -What are some principles of ROM
exercises?
-active ROM - -When the patient can move his joints himself
, -passive ROM - -when the patient needs help from the nurse to move his joints
-Malignant Hyperthermia - -A rare disorder characterized by hyperthermia with rigidity of
skeletal muscles than can result in death.
-Family history - -What is the most important thing to ask a patient when assessing for
malignant hyperthermia risk?
-malignant hyperthermia - -Results in muscle contracture, hyperthermia, hypoxemia,
lactic acidosis, and cardiac alterations. Also expected findings include tachycardia,
tachypnea and ventricular dysrhythmias. .
-identify actual and potential patient problems that may occur as a result of anesthesia and
surgery and intervene - -What is the primary goal of the PACU?
-Respiratory care - -What is a nurses biggest concern as the patient enters the PACU?
-ECG and intense monitoring (especially respiratory system) - -What is phase 1 of PACU
care?
-circulation, respiration - -Any evidence of inadequate _____________ or _______________ in the
PACU requires immediate intervention
-ambulation - -What is part of phase II of PACU care? And important for patients to do as
soon as they are able
-As soon as they enter the PACU - -When should you start explaining things to your patient
after surgery?
-Obstruction from patients tongue - -What is the most common cause of airway
compromise in the PACU?
-laterally - -What position should you put an unconscious patient for good airway
clearance?
-Elevate head of bed and supine - -What position should a conscious patient be in for good
airway clearance?
-Cough and deep breathe - -What should we encourage patients to do following any, but
especially abdominal surgery?
-Before the procedure - -When should we instruct a patient on the importance of coughing
and deep breathing following surgery?
-fluid loss - -What is the most common cause of hypotension following surgery?
