Nursing 430 Final Exam Nclex 80 Questions
and ANSwer with exaplanations 2025\2026
update
A nurse is caring for an adult patient diagnosed with a back strain. What health education should
the nurse provide to this patient?
A) Avoid lifting more than one-third of body weight without assistance.
B) Focus on using back muscles efficiently when lifting heavy objects.
C) Lift objects while holding the object a safe distance from the body.
D) Tighten the abdominal muscles and lock the knees when lifting of an object - ANS>>Ans: A
Feedback: The nurse will instruct the patient on the safe and correct way to lift objects using the
strong quadriceps muscles of the thighs, with minimal use of the weak back muscles. To prevent
recurrence of acute low back pain, the nurse may instruct the patient to avoid lifting more than one-
third of his weight without help. The patient should be informed to place the feet a hip-width apart to
provide a wide base of support, the person should bend the knees, tighten the abdominal muscles,
and lift the object close to the body with a smooth motion, avoiding twisting and jerking.
A nurse is discussing conservative management of tendonitis with a patient. Which of the following
may be an effective approach to managing tendonitis?
A) Weight reduction
B) Use of oral opioid analgesics
C) Intermittent application of ice and heat
D) Passive range of motion exercises - ANS>>Ans: C
Feedback: Conservative management of tendonitis includes rest of the extremity, intermittent ice
and heat to the joint, and NSAIDs. Weight reduction may prevent future injuries but will not relieve
existing tendonitis. Range-of-motion exercises may exacerbate pain. Opioids would not be
considered a conservative treatment measure
A nurse is providing an educational class to a group of older adults at a community senior center. In
an effort to prevent osteoporosis, the nurse should encourage participants to ensure that they
consume the recommended adequate intake of what nutrients? Select all that apply.
,Feedback: A diet rich in calcium and vitamin D protects against skeletal demineralization. Intake of
vitamin B12and potassium does not directly influence the risk for osteoporosis. Calcitonin is not
considered to be a dietary nutrient
A nurse is providing a class on osteoporosis at the local seniors center. Which of the following
statements related to osteoporosis is most accurate?
A) Osteoporosis is categorized as a disease of the elderly.
B) A nonmodifiable risk factor for osteoporosis is a persons level of activity.
C) Secondary osteoporosis occurs in women after menopause.
D) Slow discontinuation of corticosteroid therapy can halt the progression of the osteoporosis -
ANS>>Ans: D
Feedback: When corticosteroid therapy is discontinued, the progression of osteoporosis is halted,
but restoration of lost bone mass does not occur. Osteoporosis is not a disease of the elderly
because its onset occurs earlier in life, when bone mass peaks and then begins to decline. A
persons level of physical activity is a modifiable factor that influences peak bone mass. Lack of
activity increases the risk for the development of osteoporosis. Primary osteoporosis occurs in
women after menopause.
A nurse is teaching a patient with osteomalacia about the role of diet. What would be the best
choice for breakfast for a patient with osteomalacia?
A) Cereal with milk, a scrambled egg, and grapefruit
B) Poached eggs with sausage and toast
C) Waffles with fresh strawberries and powdered sugar
D) A bagel topped with butter and jam with a side dish of grapes - ANS>>Ans: A
Feedback: The best meal option is the one that contains the highest dietary sources of calcium and
vitamin D. The best selection among those listed is cereal with milk, and eggs, as these foods
contain calcium and vitamin D in a higher quantity over the other menu options.
A nurse is caring for a patient with a bone tumor. The nurse is providing education to help the
patient reduce the risk for pathologic fractures. What should the nurse teach the patient?
A) Strive to achieve maximum weight-bearing capabilities.
B) Gradually strengthen the affected muscles through weight training.
C) Support the affected extremity with external supports such as splints.
D) Limit reliance on assistive devices in order to build strength. - ANS>>Ans: C
Feedback: During nursing care, the affected extremities must be supported and handled gently.
External supports (splints) may be used for additional protection. Prescribed weight-bearing
restrictions must be followed. Assistive devices should be used to strengthen the unaffected
extremities.
, C) Calcitonin
D) Progesterone - ANS>>Ans: C
Feedback: Calcitonin inhibits bone resorption and promotes bone formation, estrogen inhibits bone
breakdown, and parathyroid increases bone resorption. Estrogen, which inhibits bone breakdown,
decreases with aging. Parathyroid hormone (PTH) increases with aging, increasing bone turnover
and resorption. Progesterone is the major naturally occurring human progestogen and plays a role
in the female menstrual cycle.
A patient is undergoing diagnostic testing for osteomalacia. Which of the following laboratory
results is most suggestive of this diagnosis?
A) High chloride, calcium, and magnesium
B) High parathyroid and calcitonin levels
C) Low serum calcium and magnesium levels
D) Low serum calcium and low phosphorus level - ANS>>Ans: D
Feedback: Laboratory studies will reveal a low serum calcium and low phosphorus level
A nurse is caring for a patient who is 12 hours postoperative following foot surgery. The nurse
assesses the presence of edema in the foot. What nursing measure will the nurse implement to
control the edema?
A) Elevate the foot on several pillows.
B) Apply warm compresses intermittently to the surgical area.
C) Administer a loop diuretic as ordered.
D) Increase circulation through frequent ambulation - ANS>>Ans: A
Feedback: To control the edema in the foot of a patient who experienced foot surgery, the nurse will
elevate the foot on several pillows when the patient is sitting or lying. Diuretic therapy is not an
appropriate intervention for edema related to inflammation. Intermittent ice packs should be applied
to the surgical area during the first 24 to 48 hours after surgery to control edema and provide some
pain relief. Ambulation will gradually be resumed based on the guidelines provided by the surgeon
A nurse is planning the care of an older adult patient with osteomalacia. What action should the
nurse recommend in order to promote vitamin D synthesis?
A) Ensuring adequate exposure to sunlight
B) Eating a low-purine diet
C) Performing cardiovascular exercise while avoiding weight-bearing exercises
D) Taking thyroid supplements as ordered - ANS>>Ans: A
Feedback: Because sunlight is necessary for synthesizing vitamin D, patients should be
encouraged to spend some time in the sun. A low-purine diet is not a relevant action and thyroid
supplements do not directly affect bone function. Action must be taken to prevent fractures, but
weight-bearing exercise within safe parameters is not necessarily contraindicated.
and ANSwer with exaplanations 2025\2026
update
A nurse is caring for an adult patient diagnosed with a back strain. What health education should
the nurse provide to this patient?
A) Avoid lifting more than one-third of body weight without assistance.
B) Focus on using back muscles efficiently when lifting heavy objects.
C) Lift objects while holding the object a safe distance from the body.
D) Tighten the abdominal muscles and lock the knees when lifting of an object - ANS>>Ans: A
Feedback: The nurse will instruct the patient on the safe and correct way to lift objects using the
strong quadriceps muscles of the thighs, with minimal use of the weak back muscles. To prevent
recurrence of acute low back pain, the nurse may instruct the patient to avoid lifting more than one-
third of his weight without help. The patient should be informed to place the feet a hip-width apart to
provide a wide base of support, the person should bend the knees, tighten the abdominal muscles,
and lift the object close to the body with a smooth motion, avoiding twisting and jerking.
A nurse is discussing conservative management of tendonitis with a patient. Which of the following
may be an effective approach to managing tendonitis?
A) Weight reduction
B) Use of oral opioid analgesics
C) Intermittent application of ice and heat
D) Passive range of motion exercises - ANS>>Ans: C
Feedback: Conservative management of tendonitis includes rest of the extremity, intermittent ice
and heat to the joint, and NSAIDs. Weight reduction may prevent future injuries but will not relieve
existing tendonitis. Range-of-motion exercises may exacerbate pain. Opioids would not be
considered a conservative treatment measure
A nurse is providing an educational class to a group of older adults at a community senior center. In
an effort to prevent osteoporosis, the nurse should encourage participants to ensure that they
consume the recommended adequate intake of what nutrients? Select all that apply.
,Feedback: A diet rich in calcium and vitamin D protects against skeletal demineralization. Intake of
vitamin B12and potassium does not directly influence the risk for osteoporosis. Calcitonin is not
considered to be a dietary nutrient
A nurse is providing a class on osteoporosis at the local seniors center. Which of the following
statements related to osteoporosis is most accurate?
A) Osteoporosis is categorized as a disease of the elderly.
B) A nonmodifiable risk factor for osteoporosis is a persons level of activity.
C) Secondary osteoporosis occurs in women after menopause.
D) Slow discontinuation of corticosteroid therapy can halt the progression of the osteoporosis -
ANS>>Ans: D
Feedback: When corticosteroid therapy is discontinued, the progression of osteoporosis is halted,
but restoration of lost bone mass does not occur. Osteoporosis is not a disease of the elderly
because its onset occurs earlier in life, when bone mass peaks and then begins to decline. A
persons level of physical activity is a modifiable factor that influences peak bone mass. Lack of
activity increases the risk for the development of osteoporosis. Primary osteoporosis occurs in
women after menopause.
A nurse is teaching a patient with osteomalacia about the role of diet. What would be the best
choice for breakfast for a patient with osteomalacia?
A) Cereal with milk, a scrambled egg, and grapefruit
B) Poached eggs with sausage and toast
C) Waffles with fresh strawberries and powdered sugar
D) A bagel topped with butter and jam with a side dish of grapes - ANS>>Ans: A
Feedback: The best meal option is the one that contains the highest dietary sources of calcium and
vitamin D. The best selection among those listed is cereal with milk, and eggs, as these foods
contain calcium and vitamin D in a higher quantity over the other menu options.
A nurse is caring for a patient with a bone tumor. The nurse is providing education to help the
patient reduce the risk for pathologic fractures. What should the nurse teach the patient?
A) Strive to achieve maximum weight-bearing capabilities.
B) Gradually strengthen the affected muscles through weight training.
C) Support the affected extremity with external supports such as splints.
D) Limit reliance on assistive devices in order to build strength. - ANS>>Ans: C
Feedback: During nursing care, the affected extremities must be supported and handled gently.
External supports (splints) may be used for additional protection. Prescribed weight-bearing
restrictions must be followed. Assistive devices should be used to strengthen the unaffected
extremities.
, C) Calcitonin
D) Progesterone - ANS>>Ans: C
Feedback: Calcitonin inhibits bone resorption and promotes bone formation, estrogen inhibits bone
breakdown, and parathyroid increases bone resorption. Estrogen, which inhibits bone breakdown,
decreases with aging. Parathyroid hormone (PTH) increases with aging, increasing bone turnover
and resorption. Progesterone is the major naturally occurring human progestogen and plays a role
in the female menstrual cycle.
A patient is undergoing diagnostic testing for osteomalacia. Which of the following laboratory
results is most suggestive of this diagnosis?
A) High chloride, calcium, and magnesium
B) High parathyroid and calcitonin levels
C) Low serum calcium and magnesium levels
D) Low serum calcium and low phosphorus level - ANS>>Ans: D
Feedback: Laboratory studies will reveal a low serum calcium and low phosphorus level
A nurse is caring for a patient who is 12 hours postoperative following foot surgery. The nurse
assesses the presence of edema in the foot. What nursing measure will the nurse implement to
control the edema?
A) Elevate the foot on several pillows.
B) Apply warm compresses intermittently to the surgical area.
C) Administer a loop diuretic as ordered.
D) Increase circulation through frequent ambulation - ANS>>Ans: A
Feedback: To control the edema in the foot of a patient who experienced foot surgery, the nurse will
elevate the foot on several pillows when the patient is sitting or lying. Diuretic therapy is not an
appropriate intervention for edema related to inflammation. Intermittent ice packs should be applied
to the surgical area during the first 24 to 48 hours after surgery to control edema and provide some
pain relief. Ambulation will gradually be resumed based on the guidelines provided by the surgeon
A nurse is planning the care of an older adult patient with osteomalacia. What action should the
nurse recommend in order to promote vitamin D synthesis?
A) Ensuring adequate exposure to sunlight
B) Eating a low-purine diet
C) Performing cardiovascular exercise while avoiding weight-bearing exercises
D) Taking thyroid supplements as ordered - ANS>>Ans: A
Feedback: Because sunlight is necessary for synthesizing vitamin D, patients should be
encouraged to spend some time in the sun. A low-purine diet is not a relevant action and thyroid
supplements do not directly affect bone function. Action must be taken to prevent fractures, but
weight-bearing exercise within safe parameters is not necessarily contraindicated.
