Summary ATPL Notes - AirLaw

THE

PILOT



Air Law
ATPL STUDENT
pilot NOTES
all info you need to pass atpl exams

, AIR$LAW$
!


LIGHT$SIGNALS$ DISTRESS$ FLIGHT$PLANS$
$
• Grave$and$imminent$danger$
• Immediate$assistance$required$ FLIGHT$PLAN$TYPES$
$ $
• MAYDAY!–!RT!/!Datalink! • I!–!IFR!
• SOS!Signal!–!RT!/!Other!Signaling!Method! • V!–!VFR!
• Red!lights!thrown!at!regular!intervals! • Y!–!IFR!to!VFR!(IVY)!
• Parachute!flare!showing!a!red!light! • Z!–!VFR!to!IFR!(VIZ)!


URGENCY$ FLIGHT$PLAN$FILE$
$ $
• Difficulties$compelling$it$to$land$ • Uncontrolled:$EOBT!U!30!minutes$
• Immediate$assistance$not$required$ • Controlled:!EOBT!U60!minutes$
• Can!also!include!state!of!other!vessels!etc$ • Airborne:!10!mins!before!boundary$
$
• PAN!PAN!PAN!–!RT!/!Datalink!
• XXX!Signal!–!RT!/!Other!Signaling!Method! FLIGHT$PLAN$REFILE$
• Switching!on!and!off!of!the!landing!lights! $
• Switching!on!and!off!of!the!nav!lights! • Uncontrolled:$EOBT!+!60!minutes$
• Controlled:!EOBT!+!30!minutes$

DIVERSION$
REPETETIVE$FLIGHT$PLANS$
$
$
• Notify! original! destination! aerodrome!
• Same!days!of!consecutive!weeks$
within!30$minutes.$
• At!least!10$occasions!OR$
• Every!day!over!a!period!of!10$days$


FPL$CHANGES$(IN$FLIGHT)$
$
• TAS:$Varies!by!±5%$
! • ETA:!More!than!2!mins$

, AIR$LAW$
!


COMMUNICATIONS$FAILURE$ WEATHER$MINIMA$ LOW$FLYING$


COMMS$FAIL$(VMC)$ VMC$AIRSPACE$MINIMA$ LOW$FLYING$
$ $ $
• Continue! VMC! and! land! at! nearest! suitable! • No! lower! than! 1,000ft! above! highest!!
aerodrome,! reporting! arrival! by! most! obstacle!within!600m!of!aircraft.$
expeditious!route.$ • No!lower!than!500!ft!above!ground!/!water$


COMMS$FAIL$(IMC)$ MINIMUM$FLIGHT$LEVELS$(IFR)$
$ $
• Procedural:$20!mins!maintain$ • Not! below! minimum$ flight$ altitude$
• Radar:$7!mins!maintain$ established$ by$ the$ state! being! overflown.!
• After! maintaining,! hold! at! nav! aid! /! fix! at! Or,!when!this!does!not!exists…$
VMC$MINIMA$(ATZ/CTR)$
destination! until! ETA! /! EAT! then! complete! $
$
approach!as!published.$ • Normal!Area:$
• No! takingUoff! /! landing! or! flying! within!
• Land! as! close!to! EAT!/! ETA!as!possible! and! o 1,000! ft! above! highest! obstacle! within!
ATZ/CTR! permitted! when! conditions! are!
ideally!within!30!mins!of!whichever!is!later.$ 8km!of!aircraft$
below:$
o 1500ft!Ceiling$ $
o 5!km!vis$ • Mountainous$
o 2,000! ft! above! highest! obstacle! within!
8km!of!aircraft$
SVFR$
$
• Allows! reduction! to! no! lower! than! 1500m!
vis.$
• Only!allowed!in!CTR$




!

, ! AIR$LAW$

SEMI$CIRCULAR$FLIGHT$LEVELS$ RUNWAY$STATES$ SIGNAL$SQUARE$
$ $
• Based!on!Magnetic!Track$ • Usually!3m!x!3m!with!a!white!border.$
RUNWAY$STATES$
$
• Damp$–$Change!of!colour$
• Wet$–!Soaked!but!no!standing!water$
• Water$Patches$–!Patches!of!standing!water!$
• Flooded$–!Extensive!standing!water$


BRAKING$SNOWTAM$
$
• 1!–!Poor!(0.25)$
• 2!–!Poor!/!Medium$
• 3!–!Medium!(0.30)$
• 4!–!Medium!/!Good$
• 5!–!Good!(0.40)$
! • 9!U!Unreliable$
Aerodrome$Reference$Code$

Element$1$ Element$2$
AERODROME$BEACONS$
Reference!Field!Length! OBSTACLE$LIGHTING$
!
1! <!800m! A!!!F! AERODROME$IDENTIFICATION$BEACONS$
! $ OBSTACLE$LIGHTING$(LOW$INTENSITY)$
2! 800≤x<1200! $
Categorised!by!wing! • Land$–!Green!Morse!
3! 1200≤x<1800! span!and!outer!MLG! • Water$–!Yellow!Morse! • Emergency$Vehicles!–!Flashing!blue!
span.! • Other$Vehicles$–!Flashing!yellow!
4! 1800≤x! • Fixed$Objects$–!Fixed!red!
AERODROME$BEACON$
! $
• Land$–!White!or!white!/!green! OBSTACLE$LIGHTING$(HIGH$INTENSITY)$
• Water$–!White!or!white!/!yellow! !
• Flashing$White$
! • When! 150m! AGL$ and! recognition! essential!
by$day$

, ! AIR$LAW$

SIGNAGE$ TAXIWAYS$ HOLDING$POINTS$


AERODROME$SIGNS$ TAXIWAY$WIDTHS$ HOLDING$SHORT$
$ $ $
• Mandatory!Instruction! • C$–!15m$ • Used! when! there! are! no! marked! holding!
(EG/!Hold!Position)! • D$–!18m$ positions.!
! !
! TAXIWAY$LIGHTING$ • RWY$<$900$m:$30$m!from!runway!edge!
• Information!Sign! $ • RWY$≥$900$m:$50!m!from!runway!edge!
(EG/!Taxiway!Direction)! • Normally!just!blue$edge$lighting$ !
! !
!
• Aerodromes! with! LVPs! have! green$ STOP$BARS$
• Location!Sign! centerline$ lighting! and! usually! blue! edge!
(EG/!Taxiway!Location)! $
light!as!well.! • Required! at! every! runway! holding! position!
! ! where! the! runway! is! intended! to! be! used!
• Alternate$ green$ and$ yellow$ lighting! used! below$350$m$RVR!
from! start! of! taxiway! on! runway! to! !
VEHICLES$ perimeter!of!the!critical!/!sensitive!area.!! • Not! required! if! procedures! limit,! when!
! below$550$m$RVR:!
VEHICLE$COLOURS$ o One!aircraft!on!manoeuvring!area!
$ o Vehicles!to!essential!minimum!!
• Emergency$ Vehicles! –! Single! conspicuous!
colour!preferably!red!/!yellowish!green!
! RUNWAY$GUARD$LIGHTS$
• Service$Vehicles$U!Yellow! $
• Required! at! RWY! when! ops! intended!
between! 550m$ and$ 1200m$ with$ heavy$
!
traffic$density.$
$
• Required!if!ops!intended!below$550m$with$
no$stop$bars$installed.$
!