POLS 1101 final exam |639 Questions and answers
what was the first representative legislative institution in the colonies? - -house of
burgesses in virginia
-what rights and privileges did the colonist believe they were constitutionally entitled to as
the free british subjects? - -- Freedom of the press
- Right to petition government
- Prohibition on ex post facto laws
- the right to not be taxed unless they could vote.
- limitations on the government ability to search the private property
- trial jury
- privilege of the writ of habeas corpus.
-what happened as a result of the british and american victory in the french and indian
war? - -france was removed from all of the mainland of north america
-britain's national debt almost doubled because of the borrowing needed to fund the
French and Indian war. under pressure from the heavily taxed wealthy British subjects,
what policy did parliament enact to move some of the financial burden to the American
colonists? - -the stamp act
-why did the colonists protest the stamp act? - -it was unconstitutional taxation without
representation
-when need to make the pay - -American views and interest were represented because
there were members of parliament who had reasons to sympathize with American interest.
In other words, they had virtual representation.
-the british did not relent on the basic principle that parliament had legitimate authority to
make laws binding upon the colonies despite the fact that the colonist lacked
representation in parliament. Which act was passed by parliament that stated it had the
authority to make laws "in all cases whatsoever? - -declaratory act
-what was the british response to the boston tea party - --they passed the coercive acts
(intolerable acts)
-They closed the port of boston
-they took control of the governance of Massachussetts.
-the continental congress was formed as a reaction to britain taking control of the
massachusetts colony. what was its original purpose? - -to present a unified front of
resistance to british policy
-place the events of the spring and summer of 1776 in order - -May 1776: congress urged
the colonies to begin writing new constitutions
,June 1776: congress appointed a committee consisting of 5 members to write a statement
justifying the american decision to declare independence from the british empire.
july 2nd 1776: congress voted for independence
July 4th 1776: congress officially approved the written justification, the declaration of
independence.
-how does America's creed, as expressed in the declaration of independence, help us to
understand American government and politics today? - --it reflects the philosophy of
government upon which America's state and federal constitutions are based and justified
-it has served as a political tool for those challenging the status quo of government and
politics
-it highlights what unites the divided mainstream of American politics
-what are the self-evident truths presented in america's creed? - --all men are created
equal
-that they are endowed by their creator with certain unalienable rights, that among these
are life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness.
-whenever any form of government becomes destructive of these ends, it is the right of the
people to alter or to abolish it, and to institute new government
-governments are instituted among men, deriving their just powers from the consent of the
governed.
-In America's Creed, Jefferson state that "all men are created equal" - -Americans were
under no natural obligation to continue submission to the king.
-Jefferson took inspiration from the principles of john locke. it is especially reflected in the
second tenet of america's creed:
"(men) are endowed by their creator with certain unalienable rights, that among these are
life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness"
which of Locke's principles are reflected by this excerpt (and the American Creed)? - -the
theory of natural rights
-what is implied by the third tenet of America's creed?
" that to secure these rights, Governments are instituted among Men, deriving their just
powers from the consent of the governed" - --government need to be empowered to
protect the right of individuals from one another and from foreign threats
,- government should be controlled to avoid unjustly threatening people's rights.
-what is meant by the following passage from alexander Hamilton?
"the only distinction between freedom and slavery consists in this...." - -any person
subjected to laws without his consent is a slave.
-that fourth right in America's Creed states the following.
"that whenever any form of government becomes destructive of these ends, it is the right of
the people to alter...."
what is this passage referred to as? - -the right of revolution.
-what's was the british argument for the legitimacy of the stamp act? - -american views
and interest were represented because there were members of parliament who had reason
to sympathize with American interest. In other words, they had virtual representation.
-the revolutionary generation drew inspiration from pre-existing materials when drafting
the constitution. what were they? - --the spirit of the laws, by montesquieu
-their own experiences under their colonial systems of government
-the leading writers on what founders called "the science of politics"
-what principle was montesquieu influence on the founding of america? - -separation of
powers
-although each state created its own constitution, what design features did they have in
common? - -- separation of powers
- tightly democratically-controlled lesgilatures
-declarations of individual rights
-what does it mean to give the people tight democratic control over their legislature? - -
members of the state legislatures are regularly held accountable to voters.
-how were legislatures under tight democratic control held accountable to the public? - --
short terms for representatives
-direct popular elections
-in accordance with the first state constitutions, who was allowed to vote in all of the
states? - -white men
-america under the new revolutionary constitutions was ______ greater than in britain - -
four times
, -why did the revolutionary state constitutions place a heavy emphasis on separation of
powers? - --British rule had taught them to disdain government that is dominated by the
executive and judicial branches
-it was viewed as necessary for preserving liberty.
-what did many founders come to conclude? - --the legislature dominated the other
branches of government.
-the legislature was not living up to the ideals of rule of law and constitutional government.
-the U.S. constitution was designed to avoid giving the legislature too much power. how did
they accomplish this? - --implementing the principle of checks and balances between the
branches of goverment
-by removing the power of executive appointment from the legislature
-________ are legal rights that are designed to protect individuals from government abuse. -
-civil liberties
-the founders would write and ratify a new constitution to replace the articles of
confederation and perpetual union in 1787-1788.
what was the reason they had to do this? - -the articles of confederation and perpetual
union created a central government that was too weak and by extension, allowed the states
to have too much power and independence
-in a __________, there is a central government and state governments, but the system is
designed such that the states maintain as much sovereignty and independence as possible.
- -confederacy
-what are the characteristics of a confederacy? - --the central government only claims
authority over the state governments.
-the central government has only enough power to maintain good relations between the
states and for coordinating collective action.
-the central government does not claim direct authority over individual persons
-how could congress raise money under the article of confederation? - -levy requisitions
on the state governments.
-__________ were essentially requests that the state governments pay money to congress.
despite a legal obligation to comply with them, the states were reluctant to do so and they
came up with many excuses to avoid paying. - -requisitions.
what was the first representative legislative institution in the colonies? - -house of
burgesses in virginia
-what rights and privileges did the colonist believe they were constitutionally entitled to as
the free british subjects? - -- Freedom of the press
- Right to petition government
- Prohibition on ex post facto laws
- the right to not be taxed unless they could vote.
- limitations on the government ability to search the private property
- trial jury
- privilege of the writ of habeas corpus.
-what happened as a result of the british and american victory in the french and indian
war? - -france was removed from all of the mainland of north america
-britain's national debt almost doubled because of the borrowing needed to fund the
French and Indian war. under pressure from the heavily taxed wealthy British subjects,
what policy did parliament enact to move some of the financial burden to the American
colonists? - -the stamp act
-why did the colonists protest the stamp act? - -it was unconstitutional taxation without
representation
-when need to make the pay - -American views and interest were represented because
there were members of parliament who had reasons to sympathize with American interest.
In other words, they had virtual representation.
-the british did not relent on the basic principle that parliament had legitimate authority to
make laws binding upon the colonies despite the fact that the colonist lacked
representation in parliament. Which act was passed by parliament that stated it had the
authority to make laws "in all cases whatsoever? - -declaratory act
-what was the british response to the boston tea party - --they passed the coercive acts
(intolerable acts)
-They closed the port of boston
-they took control of the governance of Massachussetts.
-the continental congress was formed as a reaction to britain taking control of the
massachusetts colony. what was its original purpose? - -to present a unified front of
resistance to british policy
-place the events of the spring and summer of 1776 in order - -May 1776: congress urged
the colonies to begin writing new constitutions
,June 1776: congress appointed a committee consisting of 5 members to write a statement
justifying the american decision to declare independence from the british empire.
july 2nd 1776: congress voted for independence
July 4th 1776: congress officially approved the written justification, the declaration of
independence.
-how does America's creed, as expressed in the declaration of independence, help us to
understand American government and politics today? - --it reflects the philosophy of
government upon which America's state and federal constitutions are based and justified
-it has served as a political tool for those challenging the status quo of government and
politics
-it highlights what unites the divided mainstream of American politics
-what are the self-evident truths presented in america's creed? - --all men are created
equal
-that they are endowed by their creator with certain unalienable rights, that among these
are life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness.
-whenever any form of government becomes destructive of these ends, it is the right of the
people to alter or to abolish it, and to institute new government
-governments are instituted among men, deriving their just powers from the consent of the
governed.
-In America's Creed, Jefferson state that "all men are created equal" - -Americans were
under no natural obligation to continue submission to the king.
-Jefferson took inspiration from the principles of john locke. it is especially reflected in the
second tenet of america's creed:
"(men) are endowed by their creator with certain unalienable rights, that among these are
life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness"
which of Locke's principles are reflected by this excerpt (and the American Creed)? - -the
theory of natural rights
-what is implied by the third tenet of America's creed?
" that to secure these rights, Governments are instituted among Men, deriving their just
powers from the consent of the governed" - --government need to be empowered to
protect the right of individuals from one another and from foreign threats
,- government should be controlled to avoid unjustly threatening people's rights.
-what is meant by the following passage from alexander Hamilton?
"the only distinction between freedom and slavery consists in this...." - -any person
subjected to laws without his consent is a slave.
-that fourth right in America's Creed states the following.
"that whenever any form of government becomes destructive of these ends, it is the right of
the people to alter...."
what is this passage referred to as? - -the right of revolution.
-what's was the british argument for the legitimacy of the stamp act? - -american views
and interest were represented because there were members of parliament who had reason
to sympathize with American interest. In other words, they had virtual representation.
-the revolutionary generation drew inspiration from pre-existing materials when drafting
the constitution. what were they? - --the spirit of the laws, by montesquieu
-their own experiences under their colonial systems of government
-the leading writers on what founders called "the science of politics"
-what principle was montesquieu influence on the founding of america? - -separation of
powers
-although each state created its own constitution, what design features did they have in
common? - -- separation of powers
- tightly democratically-controlled lesgilatures
-declarations of individual rights
-what does it mean to give the people tight democratic control over their legislature? - -
members of the state legislatures are regularly held accountable to voters.
-how were legislatures under tight democratic control held accountable to the public? - --
short terms for representatives
-direct popular elections
-in accordance with the first state constitutions, who was allowed to vote in all of the
states? - -white men
-america under the new revolutionary constitutions was ______ greater than in britain - -
four times
, -why did the revolutionary state constitutions place a heavy emphasis on separation of
powers? - --British rule had taught them to disdain government that is dominated by the
executive and judicial branches
-it was viewed as necessary for preserving liberty.
-what did many founders come to conclude? - --the legislature dominated the other
branches of government.
-the legislature was not living up to the ideals of rule of law and constitutional government.
-the U.S. constitution was designed to avoid giving the legislature too much power. how did
they accomplish this? - --implementing the principle of checks and balances between the
branches of goverment
-by removing the power of executive appointment from the legislature
-________ are legal rights that are designed to protect individuals from government abuse. -
-civil liberties
-the founders would write and ratify a new constitution to replace the articles of
confederation and perpetual union in 1787-1788.
what was the reason they had to do this? - -the articles of confederation and perpetual
union created a central government that was too weak and by extension, allowed the states
to have too much power and independence
-in a __________, there is a central government and state governments, but the system is
designed such that the states maintain as much sovereignty and independence as possible.
- -confederacy
-what are the characteristics of a confederacy? - --the central government only claims
authority over the state governments.
-the central government has only enough power to maintain good relations between the
states and for coordinating collective action.
-the central government does not claim direct authority over individual persons
-how could congress raise money under the article of confederation? - -levy requisitions
on the state governments.
-__________ were essentially requests that the state governments pay money to congress.
despite a legal obligation to comply with them, the states were reluctant to do so and they
came up with many excuses to avoid paying. - -requisitions.
