9/4/25, 11:05 PM Pharmacology and EKG test HCA new hires for nurses, Insulins
PHARMACOLOGY AND EKG TEST HCA NEW HIRE FOR NURSES
Insulins EXAM QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWER LATEST
2025-2026 \LATEST UPDATE
1. Anticonvulsant: stabilizes neuronal membranes and
limits seizure activity by either increasing efflux or
decreasing influx of sodium ions across cell
membranes in the motor cortex during generation of
nerve impulses.
2. Antiarrhythmic: normalizes sodium influx to
Dilantin
Purkinje's fibers in patients with induced
dysrhythmias.
Side effects:
1. nausea, vomiting
2. CNS depression
3. respiratory depression
4. heart blocks
5. hypotension
6. dysrhythmias
-Reduces venous tone. (Blood pooling in periph veins,
decreasing venous return to the heart.
-Decreased periph. vascular resistance.
-Dilation of coronary arteries and relief of coronary artery spasm.
-Vasodilation of cerebral arteries, increasing O2 to brain.
-Generalized smooth
muscle relaxation. Side
effects:
• Nitroglycerine
Dizziness, hypotension, headache, -nausea
-vomiting
-blurred vision
-dizziness
-syncope
-diaphoresis
/ 1/1
1
, 9/4/25, 11:05 PM Pharmacology and EKG test HCA new hires for nurses, Insulins
-confusion
-dry mouth
-palpations
interferes with vitamin K synthesis
that produces clotting. it takes 72
• Coumadin
hours to become active in system
give with heparin until PT/INR gets
to 2 and above Side affects=
bleeding, cramps, nausea
kale, spinach, turnip greens, collards, Swiss chard,
mustard greens, Brussels sprouts, green leaf lettuce,
Foods containing
endive, romaine, broccoli, parsley, beef liver and
moderate to high
chicken liver. In some cases, cooking can increase
amounts of vitamin K
the amount of vitamin K available to the body
include ....
from these foods. Iceberg lettuce, red cabbage,
asparagus and soybean oil also contain vitamin K,
but in smaller amounts.
Mechanisms of action= inhibits Sodium and Chloride
reabsorption in the loop of henle
• Lasix
Side effects= dizziness, hearing loss (if given too
quickly by IV), electrolyte imbalance
side effects:acne.
1. Glucocorticoid-induced adrenocortical insufficiency
2. osteoporosis
3. generalized
• Steroids protein depletion
1. Glucocorticoids (GC) Blurred vision.
2. Mineralcorticoids (MC) Cataracts or
glaucoma.
Easy bruising.
/ 2/1
1
PHARMACOLOGY AND EKG TEST HCA NEW HIRE FOR NURSES
Insulins EXAM QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWER LATEST
2025-2026 \LATEST UPDATE
1. Anticonvulsant: stabilizes neuronal membranes and
limits seizure activity by either increasing efflux or
decreasing influx of sodium ions across cell
membranes in the motor cortex during generation of
nerve impulses.
2. Antiarrhythmic: normalizes sodium influx to
Dilantin
Purkinje's fibers in patients with induced
dysrhythmias.
Side effects:
1. nausea, vomiting
2. CNS depression
3. respiratory depression
4. heart blocks
5. hypotension
6. dysrhythmias
-Reduces venous tone. (Blood pooling in periph veins,
decreasing venous return to the heart.
-Decreased periph. vascular resistance.
-Dilation of coronary arteries and relief of coronary artery spasm.
-Vasodilation of cerebral arteries, increasing O2 to brain.
-Generalized smooth
muscle relaxation. Side
effects:
• Nitroglycerine
Dizziness, hypotension, headache, -nausea
-vomiting
-blurred vision
-dizziness
-syncope
-diaphoresis
/ 1/1
1
, 9/4/25, 11:05 PM Pharmacology and EKG test HCA new hires for nurses, Insulins
-confusion
-dry mouth
-palpations
interferes with vitamin K synthesis
that produces clotting. it takes 72
• Coumadin
hours to become active in system
give with heparin until PT/INR gets
to 2 and above Side affects=
bleeding, cramps, nausea
kale, spinach, turnip greens, collards, Swiss chard,
mustard greens, Brussels sprouts, green leaf lettuce,
Foods containing
endive, romaine, broccoli, parsley, beef liver and
moderate to high
chicken liver. In some cases, cooking can increase
amounts of vitamin K
the amount of vitamin K available to the body
include ....
from these foods. Iceberg lettuce, red cabbage,
asparagus and soybean oil also contain vitamin K,
but in smaller amounts.
Mechanisms of action= inhibits Sodium and Chloride
reabsorption in the loop of henle
• Lasix
Side effects= dizziness, hearing loss (if given too
quickly by IV), electrolyte imbalance
side effects:acne.
1. Glucocorticoid-induced adrenocortical insufficiency
2. osteoporosis
3. generalized
• Steroids protein depletion
1. Glucocorticoids (GC) Blurred vision.
2. Mineralcorticoids (MC) Cataracts or
glaucoma.
Easy bruising.
/ 2/1
1
