Multiple Choice and Conceptual Actual
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1. Which medication is indicated for mild to moderate Alzheimer’s disease?
A. Memantine (Namenda)
B. Donepezil (Aricept)
C. Prazosin (Minipress)
D. Hydrochlorothiazide
2. Which drug is used for moderate to severe Alzheimer’s disease?
A. Rivastigmine (Exelon)
B. Memantine (Namenda)
C. Galantamine (Razadyne)
D. Fluoxetine (Prozac)
3. A combination drug (Donepezil + Memantine, Namzaric) is FDA-approved for
which condition?
A. Mild Alzheimer’s
B. Generalized anxiety disorder
C. Moderate to severe Alzheimer’s
D. Crohn’s disease
4. What is the mechanism of action of cholinesterase inhibitors in Alzheimer’s
disease?
A. Reduce amyloid plaque burden
B. Improve memory and cognition by increasing acetylcholine
,C. Block NMDA receptors
D. Prevent beta-amyloid formation
5. Symptoms such as slurred speech, stumbling, incoordination, and falling are
most consistent with:
A. Ataxia
B. Alzheimer’s
C. Multiple sclerosis
D. Hypothyroidism
6. Which brain structure primarily controls balance and coordination?
A. Hypothalamus
B. Cerebellum
C. Brainstem
D. Hippocampus
7. Which disease is triggered by an immune reaction to gluten?
A. Crohn’s disease
B. Celiac disease
C. Ulcerative colitis
D. IBS
8. Which genetic predispositions are associated with celiac disease?
A. BRCA1 and BRCA2
B. HLA-DQ2 and HLA-DQ8
C. HLA-B27
D. Factor V Leiden
9. The gold standard for diagnosing celiac disease is:
A. IgA antibody test
B. Duodenal biopsy
C. Stool antigen test
D. Fecal calprotectin
,10. A “cobblestone” appearance under the microscope is characteristic of:
A. Ulcerative colitis
B. Crohn’s disease
C. Celiac disease
D. IBS
11. Which lab test is commonly positive in Crohn’s disease?
A. pANCA
B. Anti-Saccharomyces cerevisiae antibody (ASCA)
C. IgA anti-endomysial antibody
D. ANA
12. Which lab test is more associated with ulcerative colitis than Crohn’s
disease?
A. Anti-Saccharomyces cerevisiae antibody (ASCA)
B. Perinuclear anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (pANCA)
C. ANA
D. HLA-DQ8
13. First-line pharmacologic therapy for Crohn’s disease includes:
A. Corticosteroids
B. Aminosalicylates (sulfasalazine, mesalamine)
C. Biologics
D. Antibiotics
14. Chronic bronchitis is best defined as:
A. Inflammation of the alveoli
B. Persistent inflammation of the bronchi
C. Autoimmune destruction of lung tissue
D. Pulmonary embolism
15. Emphysema is characterized by:
A. Fibrotic scarring in the lungs
B. Fluid accumulation in alveoli
, C. Destruction and enlargement of alveoli causing breathlessness
D. Hypersensitivity reaction to allergens
16. The first-line treatment for COPD is typically:
A. Long-acting beta agonist (LABA)
B. Corticosteroid inhaler
C. Short-acting bronchodilator inhaler
D. Leukotriene receptor antagonist
17. Pleural effusion is defined as:
A. Obstruction of bronchioles
B. Collapse of alveoli
C. Abnormal accumulation of fluid in the pleural space
D. Pulmonary embolism
Cardiovascular Disorders
18. Hypertension is defined as a sustained blood pressure of:
A. ≥120/70 mmHg
B. ≥130/80 mmHg
C. ≥140/90 mmHg
D. ≥150/95 mmHg
19. The most accurate method for diagnosing hypertension is:
A. Office blood pressure reading
B. Home blood pressure log
C. Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring
D. Pulse oximetry
20. Which class of antihypertensive drugs should be avoided in pregnancy?
A. Calcium channel blockers
B. ACE inhibitors
C. Methyldopa
D. Beta-blockers