Care of Patients with Problems in Oxygenation
Chronic inflammatory disease of the airways - correct answer What type of disease is asthma
that involves airway hyperresponsiveness, mucosal edema, and mucus production?
1. Cough
2. chest tightness
3. wheezing
4. dyspnea - correct answer What are the four common symptoms of asthma?
(CCWD)
1. Inflammation
2. airway hyperresponsiveness - correct answer What are the two main mechanisms by which
airway obstruction occurs in asthma?
(IA)
allergy - correct answer What is the most common predisposing factor for asthma?
1. seasonal
2. perennial - correct answer Name two categories of allergens that may trigger asthma.
(SP)
1. grass
2. tree
3. weed
4. pollens - correct answer What are the examples of seasonal allergens?
(GTWP)
1. mold
2. dust
3. roaches
4. animal dander - correct answer What are the examples of perennial allergens?
(MDRA)
1. Air pollutants
2. smoke
,3. strong odors or perfumes - correct answer Identify three common airway irritants that can
trigger asthma symptoms.
(ASS)
1. shellfish
2. nuts - correct answer What type of food is a known trigger for asthma exacerbation?
(SN)
Exercise (due to inhalation and exhalation changes) - correct answer Which type of physical
activity can provoke asthma symptoms?
Stress or intense emotions - correct answer What emotional factor can trigger asthma attacks?
NSAIDs (Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs) - correct answer Which group of medications
is known to trigger asthma symptoms?
Viral respiratory tract infections - correct answer Which common infection is a trigger for
asthma exacerbations?
Gastroesophageal reflux (GERD) - correct answer What gastrointestinal condition may worsen
asthma symptoms?
1. Eosinophils
2. basophils - correct answer Which types of white blood cells are responsible for allergic
reactions in asthma?
(EB)
it can be fatal - correct answer What is the possible outcome of severe airway obstruction in
asthma?
Mild intermittent asthma - correct answer Which asthma classification is characterized by
symptoms occurring ≤2 times a week, asymptomatic between exacerbations, and brief attacks
lasting hours to days?
Mild Intermittent Asthma - correct answer In which asthma classification do night symptoms
occur ≤2 times a month?
≥80% predicted - correct answer In Mild Intermittent Asthma, what is the FEV1 or PEF
percentage of predicted value?
≤20% - correct answer In Mild Intermittent Asthma, what is the PEF variability percentage?
Mild Persistent Asthma - correct answer Which asthma classification shows symptoms more
than 2 times per week but less than once daily?
, Mild Persistent Asthma. - correct answer In which asthma classification do night symptoms
occur more than 2 times a month?
20-30% - correct answer In Mild Persistent Asthma, what is the variability in Peak Expiratory
Flow (PEF)?
Moderate Persistent Asthma - correct answer Which asthma classification is associated with
daily symptoms, daily use of short-acting beta2 agonists, and exacerbations affecting activity?
Moderate Persistent Asthma. - correct answer In which asthma classification do night
symptoms occur more than once a week?
60% to <80% predicted - correct answer In Moderate Persistent Asthma, what is the predicted
range of FEV1 or PEF?
>30% - correct answer In Moderate Persistent Asthma, what is the PEF variability percentage?
Severe Persistent Asthma - correct answer Which asthma classification is marked by continual
symptoms, limited physical activity, and frequent exacerbations?
≤60% predicted - correct answer In Severe Persistent Asthma, what is the predicted FEV1 or
PEF percentage?
>30% - correct answer In Severe Persistent Asthma, what is the PEF variability percentage?
Dyspnea with wheezing - correct answer What is the hallmark respiratory symptom of acute
asthma associated with shortness of breath?
Generalized wheezing - correct answer What type of wheezing is commonly heard in acute
asthma?
Tachycardia - correct answer Which vital sign change is commonly seen in acute asthma due to
increased work of breathing?
Retractions - correct answer What physical sign indicates increased effort of breathing in acute
asthma, especially in children?
1. Restlessness
2. anxiety - correct answer What behavioral manifestations are often seen in patients with
acute asthma due to hypoxia?
(RA)
stridor - correct answer What adventitious sound may be heard during inspiration in severe
airway narrowing?
wheezing - correct answer What adventitious sound is typically heard during expiration in acute
asthma?
Chronic inflammatory disease of the airways - correct answer What type of disease is asthma
that involves airway hyperresponsiveness, mucosal edema, and mucus production?
1. Cough
2. chest tightness
3. wheezing
4. dyspnea - correct answer What are the four common symptoms of asthma?
(CCWD)
1. Inflammation
2. airway hyperresponsiveness - correct answer What are the two main mechanisms by which
airway obstruction occurs in asthma?
(IA)
allergy - correct answer What is the most common predisposing factor for asthma?
1. seasonal
2. perennial - correct answer Name two categories of allergens that may trigger asthma.
(SP)
1. grass
2. tree
3. weed
4. pollens - correct answer What are the examples of seasonal allergens?
(GTWP)
1. mold
2. dust
3. roaches
4. animal dander - correct answer What are the examples of perennial allergens?
(MDRA)
1. Air pollutants
2. smoke
,3. strong odors or perfumes - correct answer Identify three common airway irritants that can
trigger asthma symptoms.
(ASS)
1. shellfish
2. nuts - correct answer What type of food is a known trigger for asthma exacerbation?
(SN)
Exercise (due to inhalation and exhalation changes) - correct answer Which type of physical
activity can provoke asthma symptoms?
Stress or intense emotions - correct answer What emotional factor can trigger asthma attacks?
NSAIDs (Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs) - correct answer Which group of medications
is known to trigger asthma symptoms?
Viral respiratory tract infections - correct answer Which common infection is a trigger for
asthma exacerbations?
Gastroesophageal reflux (GERD) - correct answer What gastrointestinal condition may worsen
asthma symptoms?
1. Eosinophils
2. basophils - correct answer Which types of white blood cells are responsible for allergic
reactions in asthma?
(EB)
it can be fatal - correct answer What is the possible outcome of severe airway obstruction in
asthma?
Mild intermittent asthma - correct answer Which asthma classification is characterized by
symptoms occurring ≤2 times a week, asymptomatic between exacerbations, and brief attacks
lasting hours to days?
Mild Intermittent Asthma - correct answer In which asthma classification do night symptoms
occur ≤2 times a month?
≥80% predicted - correct answer In Mild Intermittent Asthma, what is the FEV1 or PEF
percentage of predicted value?
≤20% - correct answer In Mild Intermittent Asthma, what is the PEF variability percentage?
Mild Persistent Asthma - correct answer Which asthma classification shows symptoms more
than 2 times per week but less than once daily?
, Mild Persistent Asthma. - correct answer In which asthma classification do night symptoms
occur more than 2 times a month?
20-30% - correct answer In Mild Persistent Asthma, what is the variability in Peak Expiratory
Flow (PEF)?
Moderate Persistent Asthma - correct answer Which asthma classification is associated with
daily symptoms, daily use of short-acting beta2 agonists, and exacerbations affecting activity?
Moderate Persistent Asthma. - correct answer In which asthma classification do night
symptoms occur more than once a week?
60% to <80% predicted - correct answer In Moderate Persistent Asthma, what is the predicted
range of FEV1 or PEF?
>30% - correct answer In Moderate Persistent Asthma, what is the PEF variability percentage?
Severe Persistent Asthma - correct answer Which asthma classification is marked by continual
symptoms, limited physical activity, and frequent exacerbations?
≤60% predicted - correct answer In Severe Persistent Asthma, what is the predicted FEV1 or
PEF percentage?
>30% - correct answer In Severe Persistent Asthma, what is the PEF variability percentage?
Dyspnea with wheezing - correct answer What is the hallmark respiratory symptom of acute
asthma associated with shortness of breath?
Generalized wheezing - correct answer What type of wheezing is commonly heard in acute
asthma?
Tachycardia - correct answer Which vital sign change is commonly seen in acute asthma due to
increased work of breathing?
Retractions - correct answer What physical sign indicates increased effort of breathing in acute
asthma, especially in children?
1. Restlessness
2. anxiety - correct answer What behavioral manifestations are often seen in patients with
acute asthma due to hypoxia?
(RA)
stridor - correct answer What adventitious sound may be heard during inspiration in severe
airway narrowing?
wheezing - correct answer What adventitious sound is typically heard during expiration in acute
asthma?
