Dental Anatomy and Local Anesthesia
Final Exams – 2025/2026 Orofacial I & II
Complete Pack
Where mandibular nerve passes through in the skull - Foramen Ovale
Where nasopalatine nerve passes through - Incisive Foramen
Maxillary division of Trigeminal Nerve is - Sensory
Nerve NOT associated with the mandibular nerve branch - Infraorbital nerve
Teeth that PSA innervates - 1st, 2nd, and 3rd maxillary molars, but may not innervate
MB root of the maxillary 1st molar
What injection is needed to anesthetize linguals of max anteriors - Nasopalatine
What injections are needed to anesthetize the entire palate on one side - Greater
Palatine and Nasopalatine
How far do you insert the needle on an IANB? - 20-25 mm or 3/4 the length of the
needle
What happens during depolarization? - Sodium in and Potassium out
, When do you aspirate? - Right before anesthetic is to be deposited
Which local anesthetic is metabolized by pseudocholinesterase? - Esters
Topical anesthetics are least effective on? - Keratinized tissues
Which is true of topical anesthetics? - No systemic problems
Which has the highest occurrence of allergic reactions - Ester option; Benzocaine.
What is the significance of giving an amide anesthetic to a patient with cirrhosis? - Due
to amide anesthetics being metabolized by the liver.
What is the landmark for the IANB injection? - Coronoid notch
Psychogenic pain - No organic base for the pain
Max epi dose for cardiac & normal pt - Cardiac- .04mg
Normal- .2mg
What is trismus? - Limited opening of mouth
Management of hematoma - Cold compression and pressure to bleeding site
Management of trismus - Heat therapy, saline rinses, asprin and jaw exercises
Hematoma can occur if needle penetrates into the pterygoid plexus of veins during
which injection? - PSA
What needle should be used for infiltration? - 27g short
Volume of solution of a single cartridge of LA - 1.8-1.7ml
Antioxidant preventing biodegration of LA by preventing oxidation of vasopressor by
oxygen - Sodium bisulfite
Actions of vasopressors - Increase duration of LA, hemostasis, reduce chance of
toxicity
What would cause a dry cornea? - Anesthetizing the facial nerve. The facial nerve can
be anesthetized if bone is not contacted during the IANB and anesthetic solution is
deposited into the parotid gland. Temporary bell's palsy would not allow the patients
eyelid to blink or close, which would cause the dry eye.
How to calculate amount of epi in a solution - 1% solution = 10 X 1.8 (or 1.7) = 18mg (or
17mg)
Final Exams – 2025/2026 Orofacial I & II
Complete Pack
Where mandibular nerve passes through in the skull - Foramen Ovale
Where nasopalatine nerve passes through - Incisive Foramen
Maxillary division of Trigeminal Nerve is - Sensory
Nerve NOT associated with the mandibular nerve branch - Infraorbital nerve
Teeth that PSA innervates - 1st, 2nd, and 3rd maxillary molars, but may not innervate
MB root of the maxillary 1st molar
What injection is needed to anesthetize linguals of max anteriors - Nasopalatine
What injections are needed to anesthetize the entire palate on one side - Greater
Palatine and Nasopalatine
How far do you insert the needle on an IANB? - 20-25 mm or 3/4 the length of the
needle
What happens during depolarization? - Sodium in and Potassium out
, When do you aspirate? - Right before anesthetic is to be deposited
Which local anesthetic is metabolized by pseudocholinesterase? - Esters
Topical anesthetics are least effective on? - Keratinized tissues
Which is true of topical anesthetics? - No systemic problems
Which has the highest occurrence of allergic reactions - Ester option; Benzocaine.
What is the significance of giving an amide anesthetic to a patient with cirrhosis? - Due
to amide anesthetics being metabolized by the liver.
What is the landmark for the IANB injection? - Coronoid notch
Psychogenic pain - No organic base for the pain
Max epi dose for cardiac & normal pt - Cardiac- .04mg
Normal- .2mg
What is trismus? - Limited opening of mouth
Management of hematoma - Cold compression and pressure to bleeding site
Management of trismus - Heat therapy, saline rinses, asprin and jaw exercises
Hematoma can occur if needle penetrates into the pterygoid plexus of veins during
which injection? - PSA
What needle should be used for infiltration? - 27g short
Volume of solution of a single cartridge of LA - 1.8-1.7ml
Antioxidant preventing biodegration of LA by preventing oxidation of vasopressor by
oxygen - Sodium bisulfite
Actions of vasopressors - Increase duration of LA, hemostasis, reduce chance of
toxicity
What would cause a dry cornea? - Anesthetizing the facial nerve. The facial nerve can
be anesthetized if bone is not contacted during the IANB and anesthetic solution is
deposited into the parotid gland. Temporary bell's palsy would not allow the patients
eyelid to blink or close, which would cause the dry eye.
How to calculate amount of epi in a solution - 1% solution = 10 X 1.8 (or 1.7) = 18mg (or
17mg)
