BCIA NFB CERT EXAM ACTUAL QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
Why is neurofeedback used? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅To change the electrical activity of the CNS
including EEG, event related potentials, slow cortical potentials, and other electrical activity either of
subcortical or cortical region
Neurofeedback is: - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅A specialized application of biofeedback of brain wave data
in an operant conditioning paradigm. It is used to treat clinical conditions as well as to enhance
performance.
Electroencephalogram (EEG) - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Represents the general state of the CNS: all
behavior filters through the central nervous system.
Biofeedback therapy: - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Any physiologic mechanism that can be 'fed back' to an
individual's awareness that can be controlled
Neurofeedback therapy - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Allows the subject to gain control over the brain's
processing function (reflected by the EEG) and of the primary mechanics of their own psychophysiology.
The purpose of neurofeedback is to bring rapid electrical and chemical changes to a person's brain in
order to: - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅1. Disrupt pathologic stability by altering the type of electrochemical
pattern that developed either suddenly or during shock or trauma, or gradually over a longer period of
time, under prolonged stress.
2. Allow patients to release defenses, recognize and use new information (psychotherapy, counseling,
education) with greater ease by diminishing interference from problematic brain-chemistry patterns.
Neurofeedback is socio-behavioral interaction. Important factors include: - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅-
Attitudes
-Motivation
-Expectations
-Attention
-Alertness
,-Understanding
Delta rhythm (0.5-3.5 hz) - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Sleep, traumatic brain injury
Theta rhythm (4-7 hz) - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Day dreaming, drowsiness imagery, inattention
Alpha rhythm (8-13 hz) - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Meditation, receptiveness
Sensorimotor rhythm (SMR) (12-15 hz) - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Inhibition of movement
Low beta rhythm (13-21 hz) - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Activation, focused thinking
High beta rhythm (20-32 hz) - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Anxiety, hypervigilance, panic, peak performance,
worry
Gamma rhythm (36-44) - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Active attention, pattern recognition, visual binding
The synchronous delta rhythm: - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Ranges from 1-4 hz, is the dominant frequency
from ages 1-2, and is associated in adults with deep sleep and brain pathology like TBI and tumors, and
learning disability
The synchronous theta rhythm: - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Ranges from 4-7 hz, is the dominant frequency
in healthy young children, and is associated with drowsiness or starting to sleep, REM sleep, hypnagogic
imagery (intense imagery experienced before the onset of sleep) hypnosis, attention, and processing of
cognitive and perceptual information
The synchronous alpha rhythm: - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Ranges from 8-12 hz and is defined by its
waveform and not by its frequency.
, Alpha blocking (phenomenon): - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Alpha activity can be observed in about 75% of
awake, relaxed individuals and is replaced by low-amplitude desynchronized beta activity during
movement, complex problem-solving, and visual focusing.
The synchronous SMR: - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Ranges from 12-15 hz and is located over the
sensorimotor cortex (central sulcus).
The sensorimotor rhythm is associated with: - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅The inhibition of movement and
reduced muscle tone
The beta rhythm consists of: - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Asynchronous waves and can be divided into low
beta and high beta ranges (13-21 hz and 20-32 hz)
Low beta is associated with: - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Activation and focused thinking
High beta is associated with: - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Anxiety, hypervigilance, panic, peak performance,
and worry
Gamma - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅-EEG activity from 36-44 hz.
-Changes when the subject learns to perceive meaningful patterns, like a dalmatian concealed by a black
and white background, and when experienced Buddhist monks meditate.
-Associated with visual bonding
Underarousal - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅-When the brain wave pattern has mountain peaks (or
deregulation) in the lower frequencies (e.g., delta or theta 0-7 cycles/second)
-The brain has gone into a "shut down" mode, and we should not see this in the waking brainwave
pattern--usually seen in the sleeping brain.
Why is neurofeedback used? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅To change the electrical activity of the CNS
including EEG, event related potentials, slow cortical potentials, and other electrical activity either of
subcortical or cortical region
Neurofeedback is: - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅A specialized application of biofeedback of brain wave data
in an operant conditioning paradigm. It is used to treat clinical conditions as well as to enhance
performance.
Electroencephalogram (EEG) - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Represents the general state of the CNS: all
behavior filters through the central nervous system.
Biofeedback therapy: - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Any physiologic mechanism that can be 'fed back' to an
individual's awareness that can be controlled
Neurofeedback therapy - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Allows the subject to gain control over the brain's
processing function (reflected by the EEG) and of the primary mechanics of their own psychophysiology.
The purpose of neurofeedback is to bring rapid electrical and chemical changes to a person's brain in
order to: - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅1. Disrupt pathologic stability by altering the type of electrochemical
pattern that developed either suddenly or during shock or trauma, or gradually over a longer period of
time, under prolonged stress.
2. Allow patients to release defenses, recognize and use new information (psychotherapy, counseling,
education) with greater ease by diminishing interference from problematic brain-chemistry patterns.
Neurofeedback is socio-behavioral interaction. Important factors include: - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅-
Attitudes
-Motivation
-Expectations
-Attention
-Alertness
,-Understanding
Delta rhythm (0.5-3.5 hz) - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Sleep, traumatic brain injury
Theta rhythm (4-7 hz) - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Day dreaming, drowsiness imagery, inattention
Alpha rhythm (8-13 hz) - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Meditation, receptiveness
Sensorimotor rhythm (SMR) (12-15 hz) - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Inhibition of movement
Low beta rhythm (13-21 hz) - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Activation, focused thinking
High beta rhythm (20-32 hz) - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Anxiety, hypervigilance, panic, peak performance,
worry
Gamma rhythm (36-44) - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Active attention, pattern recognition, visual binding
The synchronous delta rhythm: - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Ranges from 1-4 hz, is the dominant frequency
from ages 1-2, and is associated in adults with deep sleep and brain pathology like TBI and tumors, and
learning disability
The synchronous theta rhythm: - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Ranges from 4-7 hz, is the dominant frequency
in healthy young children, and is associated with drowsiness or starting to sleep, REM sleep, hypnagogic
imagery (intense imagery experienced before the onset of sleep) hypnosis, attention, and processing of
cognitive and perceptual information
The synchronous alpha rhythm: - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Ranges from 8-12 hz and is defined by its
waveform and not by its frequency.
, Alpha blocking (phenomenon): - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Alpha activity can be observed in about 75% of
awake, relaxed individuals and is replaced by low-amplitude desynchronized beta activity during
movement, complex problem-solving, and visual focusing.
The synchronous SMR: - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Ranges from 12-15 hz and is located over the
sensorimotor cortex (central sulcus).
The sensorimotor rhythm is associated with: - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅The inhibition of movement and
reduced muscle tone
The beta rhythm consists of: - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Asynchronous waves and can be divided into low
beta and high beta ranges (13-21 hz and 20-32 hz)
Low beta is associated with: - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Activation and focused thinking
High beta is associated with: - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Anxiety, hypervigilance, panic, peak performance,
and worry
Gamma - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅-EEG activity from 36-44 hz.
-Changes when the subject learns to perceive meaningful patterns, like a dalmatian concealed by a black
and white background, and when experienced Buddhist monks meditate.
-Associated with visual bonding
Underarousal - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅-When the brain wave pattern has mountain peaks (or
deregulation) in the lower frequencies (e.g., delta or theta 0-7 cycles/second)
-The brain has gone into a "shut down" mode, and we should not see this in the waking brainwave
pattern--usually seen in the sleeping brain.
