NURS 115 Final NCLEX – Nursing Exam
Review and Practice
Description: Comprehensive NCLEX prep notes for NURS 115, covering nursing fundamentals,
pharmacology, medical-surgical care, and clinical practice scenarios. Includes sample NCLEX
questions.
Keywords:
nurs 115 exam
nclex preparation
medical surgical nursing
pharmacology review
nursing fundamentals
NURS 115 Final NCLEX Nursing Exam Review: 100 Practice Questions
1. A client is admitted with heart failure. Which assessment finding should the nurse report
immediately?
A. 1+ pitting edema in the lower extremities
B. Distended neck veins while the client is upright
C. Crackles heard in the lung bases
D. Weight gain of 1 kg (2.2 lb) in 24 hours
,Answer: B (Distended neck veins (jugular venous distention) in an upright position is a sign
of severe fluid overload and elevated central venous pressure, requiring immediate
intervention.)
2. The nurse is preparing to administer a scheduled dose of furosemide (Lasix) to a client.
Which electrolyte imbalance is the nurse's priority to monitor for?
A. Hypernatremia
B. Hypokalemia
C. Hypercalcemia
D. Hypomagnesemia
Answer: B (Loop diuretics like furosemide cause the excretion of potassium, leading to a
high risk for hypokalemia.)
3. A client with a head injury has clear fluid draining from the nose. What should the nurse do
first?
A. Test the fluid for glucose
B. Suction the nose to maintain airway
C. Place the client in a supine position
D. Apply a loose, sterile dressing under the nose
Answer: A (The fluid should be tested for glucose to determine if it is cerebrospinal fluid
(CSF), which would indicate a skull fracture. Suctioning or packing the nose is contraindicated as
it could lead to infection.)
,4. A postoperative client has an incentive spirometer. The nurse's primary goal in encouraging
its use is to:
A. Control postoperative pain
B. Prevent atelectasis
C. Measure tidal volume
D. Loosen secretions
Answer: B (The primary purpose of an incentive spirometer is to encourage deep breathing
and inflate the alveoli, thereby preventing or treating atelectasis.)
5. Which client is at the highest risk for developing a pulmonary embolism (PE)?
A. A client with hypertension
B. A client on bedrest for 5 days post-surgery
C. A client with a history of asthma
D. A client with type 2 diabetes
Answer: B (Prolonged immobility is a major risk factor for deep vein thrombosis (DVT),
which can lead to a pulmonary embolism if the clot dislodges.)
6. A client is receiving a blood transfusion. The nurse notes chills, low back pain, and
tachycardia. What is the nurse's first action?
A. Slow the transfusion and notify the provider
B. Administer prescribed antihistamines
C. Stop the transfusion and keep the IV line open with normal saline
D. Take the client's vital signs and apply a warm blanket
, Answer: C (These are classic signs of a hemolytic transfusion reaction. The transfusion must
be stopped immediately to prevent further infusion of the incompatible blood, and the IV line is
kept patent with normal saline for emergency access.)
7. The nurse is caring for a client with a new tracheostomy. Which nursing intervention is the
priority?
A. Providing emotional support
B. Suctioning the airway as needed
C. Changing the tracheostomy ties
D. Teaching the client to communicate
Answer: B (The number one priority for a new tracheostomy is maintaining a patent airway,
which includes suctioning secretions to prevent obstruction.)
8. A client with pancreatitis is prescribed total parenteral nutrition (TPN). The nurse
understands the primary goal of TPN is to:
A. Provide complete nutritional support via the GI tract
B. Allow the pancreas to rest by eliminating oral intake
C. Hydrate the client with a dextrose solution
D. Administer IV antibiotics through a central line
Answer: B (TPN provides complete nutrition intravenously, bypassing the GI tract and
allowing the inflamed pancreas to rest and heal.)
9. When assessing a client 24 hours after a total abdominal hysterectomy, which finding
requires immediate action?
Review and Practice
Description: Comprehensive NCLEX prep notes for NURS 115, covering nursing fundamentals,
pharmacology, medical-surgical care, and clinical practice scenarios. Includes sample NCLEX
questions.
Keywords:
nurs 115 exam
nclex preparation
medical surgical nursing
pharmacology review
nursing fundamentals
NURS 115 Final NCLEX Nursing Exam Review: 100 Practice Questions
1. A client is admitted with heart failure. Which assessment finding should the nurse report
immediately?
A. 1+ pitting edema in the lower extremities
B. Distended neck veins while the client is upright
C. Crackles heard in the lung bases
D. Weight gain of 1 kg (2.2 lb) in 24 hours
,Answer: B (Distended neck veins (jugular venous distention) in an upright position is a sign
of severe fluid overload and elevated central venous pressure, requiring immediate
intervention.)
2. The nurse is preparing to administer a scheduled dose of furosemide (Lasix) to a client.
Which electrolyte imbalance is the nurse's priority to monitor for?
A. Hypernatremia
B. Hypokalemia
C. Hypercalcemia
D. Hypomagnesemia
Answer: B (Loop diuretics like furosemide cause the excretion of potassium, leading to a
high risk for hypokalemia.)
3. A client with a head injury has clear fluid draining from the nose. What should the nurse do
first?
A. Test the fluid for glucose
B. Suction the nose to maintain airway
C. Place the client in a supine position
D. Apply a loose, sterile dressing under the nose
Answer: A (The fluid should be tested for glucose to determine if it is cerebrospinal fluid
(CSF), which would indicate a skull fracture. Suctioning or packing the nose is contraindicated as
it could lead to infection.)
,4. A postoperative client has an incentive spirometer. The nurse's primary goal in encouraging
its use is to:
A. Control postoperative pain
B. Prevent atelectasis
C. Measure tidal volume
D. Loosen secretions
Answer: B (The primary purpose of an incentive spirometer is to encourage deep breathing
and inflate the alveoli, thereby preventing or treating atelectasis.)
5. Which client is at the highest risk for developing a pulmonary embolism (PE)?
A. A client with hypertension
B. A client on bedrest for 5 days post-surgery
C. A client with a history of asthma
D. A client with type 2 diabetes
Answer: B (Prolonged immobility is a major risk factor for deep vein thrombosis (DVT),
which can lead to a pulmonary embolism if the clot dislodges.)
6. A client is receiving a blood transfusion. The nurse notes chills, low back pain, and
tachycardia. What is the nurse's first action?
A. Slow the transfusion and notify the provider
B. Administer prescribed antihistamines
C. Stop the transfusion and keep the IV line open with normal saline
D. Take the client's vital signs and apply a warm blanket
, Answer: C (These are classic signs of a hemolytic transfusion reaction. The transfusion must
be stopped immediately to prevent further infusion of the incompatible blood, and the IV line is
kept patent with normal saline for emergency access.)
7. The nurse is caring for a client with a new tracheostomy. Which nursing intervention is the
priority?
A. Providing emotional support
B. Suctioning the airway as needed
C. Changing the tracheostomy ties
D. Teaching the client to communicate
Answer: B (The number one priority for a new tracheostomy is maintaining a patent airway,
which includes suctioning secretions to prevent obstruction.)
8. A client with pancreatitis is prescribed total parenteral nutrition (TPN). The nurse
understands the primary goal of TPN is to:
A. Provide complete nutritional support via the GI tract
B. Allow the pancreas to rest by eliminating oral intake
C. Hydrate the client with a dextrose solution
D. Administer IV antibiotics through a central line
Answer: B (TPN provides complete nutrition intravenously, bypassing the GI tract and
allowing the inflamed pancreas to rest and heal.)
9. When assessing a client 24 hours after a total abdominal hysterectomy, which finding
requires immediate action?
