PHARM FINAL 100 QUESTIONS EXAM
WITH CORRECT QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS 2025
1. A nurse is monitoring a client who is receiving Epoetin alfa for adverse effects. The
nurse should identify which of the following findings as an adverse effect of this
medication?
a. Edema and hematuria
b. Blurred vision and edema
c. Urinary retention and abdominal pain
d. Hypertension and headache - CORRECT-ANSWERSD.
Hypertension and headache.
2. A patient with Parkinson's disease is taking levodopa/carbidopa [Sinemet] and reports
occasional periods of loss of drug effect lasting from minutes to several hours. The
nurse questions the patient further and discovers that these episodes occur at different
times related to the medication administration. The nurse will contact the provider to
discuss:
,a. administering a catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) inhibitor, such as entacapone.
b. adding the DA-releasing agent amantadine to the regimen.
c. giving a direct-acting dopamine agonist.
d. shortening the dosing interval of levodopa/carbidopa. - CORRECT-ANSWERSA
This patient is describing abrupt loss of effect, or the "off" phenomenon, which is
treated with
entacapone or another COMT inhibitor. Amantadine is used to treat dyskinesias. A
direct-acting dopamine agonist is useful for gradual loss of effect, which occurs at the
end of the
dosing interval as the dose is wearing off. Shortening the dosing interval does not help
with
abrupt loss of effect.
3. A patient with atrial fibrillation is receiving warfarin [Coumadin]. The nurse notes that
the patient's INR is 2.7. Before giving the next dose of warfarin, the nurse will notify the
provider and:
a. administer the dose as ordered.
,b. request an order to decrease the dose.
c. request an order to give vitamin K (phytonadione).
d. request an order to increase the dose. - CORRECT-ANSWERSA
This patient has an INR in the appropriate range, which is 2 to 3 for most patients and
2.5 to
3.5 for some, so no change in warfarin dosing is necessary. It is not correct to request an
order
to either decrease or increase the dose of warfarin. It is not necessary to give vitamin K,
which is an antidote for warfarin toxicity.
4. A 65-year-old patient who receives glucocorticoids for arthritis is admitted to the
hospital for treatment of a urinary tract infection. The prescriber has ordered
intravenous ciprofloxacin [Cipro]. Before administering the third dose of this drug, the
nurse reviews the bacterial culture report and notes that the causative organism is
Escherichia coli. The bacterial sensitivity report is pending. The patient complains of
right ankle pain. What will the nurse do?
a. Withhold the dose of ciprofloxacin and notify the provider of the patient's
, symptoms.
b. Instruct the patient to exercise the right foot and ankle to minimize the pain.
c. Question the patient about the consumption of milk and any other dairy products.
d. Request an order to increase this patient's dose of glucocorticoids. - CORRECT-
ANSWERSA
A rare but serious adverse effect associated with fluoroquinolones is tendon rupture,
and those
at highest risk are children, patients older than 60 years, transplant patients, and any
patients
taking glucocorticoids. Any pain in either heel should be reported and the drug should
be
discontinued. Patients should be instructed not to exercise until tendonitis has been
ruled out.
Dairy products can reduce the absorption of ciprofloxacin, so this is not a concern with
this
WITH CORRECT QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS 2025
1. A nurse is monitoring a client who is receiving Epoetin alfa for adverse effects. The
nurse should identify which of the following findings as an adverse effect of this
medication?
a. Edema and hematuria
b. Blurred vision and edema
c. Urinary retention and abdominal pain
d. Hypertension and headache - CORRECT-ANSWERSD.
Hypertension and headache.
2. A patient with Parkinson's disease is taking levodopa/carbidopa [Sinemet] and reports
occasional periods of loss of drug effect lasting from minutes to several hours. The
nurse questions the patient further and discovers that these episodes occur at different
times related to the medication administration. The nurse will contact the provider to
discuss:
,a. administering a catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) inhibitor, such as entacapone.
b. adding the DA-releasing agent amantadine to the regimen.
c. giving a direct-acting dopamine agonist.
d. shortening the dosing interval of levodopa/carbidopa. - CORRECT-ANSWERSA
This patient is describing abrupt loss of effect, or the "off" phenomenon, which is
treated with
entacapone or another COMT inhibitor. Amantadine is used to treat dyskinesias. A
direct-acting dopamine agonist is useful for gradual loss of effect, which occurs at the
end of the
dosing interval as the dose is wearing off. Shortening the dosing interval does not help
with
abrupt loss of effect.
3. A patient with atrial fibrillation is receiving warfarin [Coumadin]. The nurse notes that
the patient's INR is 2.7. Before giving the next dose of warfarin, the nurse will notify the
provider and:
a. administer the dose as ordered.
,b. request an order to decrease the dose.
c. request an order to give vitamin K (phytonadione).
d. request an order to increase the dose. - CORRECT-ANSWERSA
This patient has an INR in the appropriate range, which is 2 to 3 for most patients and
2.5 to
3.5 for some, so no change in warfarin dosing is necessary. It is not correct to request an
order
to either decrease or increase the dose of warfarin. It is not necessary to give vitamin K,
which is an antidote for warfarin toxicity.
4. A 65-year-old patient who receives glucocorticoids for arthritis is admitted to the
hospital for treatment of a urinary tract infection. The prescriber has ordered
intravenous ciprofloxacin [Cipro]. Before administering the third dose of this drug, the
nurse reviews the bacterial culture report and notes that the causative organism is
Escherichia coli. The bacterial sensitivity report is pending. The patient complains of
right ankle pain. What will the nurse do?
a. Withhold the dose of ciprofloxacin and notify the provider of the patient's
, symptoms.
b. Instruct the patient to exercise the right foot and ankle to minimize the pain.
c. Question the patient about the consumption of milk and any other dairy products.
d. Request an order to increase this patient's dose of glucocorticoids. - CORRECT-
ANSWERSA
A rare but serious adverse effect associated with fluoroquinolones is tendon rupture,
and those
at highest risk are children, patients older than 60 years, transplant patients, and any
patients
taking glucocorticoids. Any pain in either heel should be reported and the drug should
be
discontinued. Patients should be instructed not to exercise until tendonitis has been
ruled out.
Dairy products can reduce the absorption of ciprofloxacin, so this is not a concern with
this
