ORTHOTIC WRITTEN LATEST
SIMULATION EXAM
In a double action joint, what does a spring in the posterior channel
create?
plantarflexion resist/dorsiflexion assist
When would you use free anterior and posterior channels?
ML instability, no sagittal plane concerns
When would you use free anterior and pin posterior?
knee hyperextension
When would you use free anterior and spring posterior?
foot drop which could be managed with dorsiflexion assist joints
When would you use pin anterior and spring posterior?
tendency toward sudden knee flexion with dorsiflexion weakness
When would you use pin anterior and free posterior?
excessive knee flexion/tendency toward buckling
What are the upright clearances for a KAFO?
-skin 3 mm
-ankle: medial 6mm, lateral 5mm
-knee: medial 6mm, lateral 3mm
How do you determine band length for a conventional KAFO?
=1/2(circumference) + 1 1/2"
END OF
PAGE
1
,ORTHOTIC WRITTEN LATEST
SIMULATION EXAM
How do you determine the stirrup length of a conventional KAFO?
= 2 x (height of distal tip of medial malleoli) + width of heel + 6mm
What is a functional hand position?
20 degrees of wrist extension, 10 degrees ulnar deviation
34 degrees MCP flexion, 30 degrees PIP flexion, slight DIP flexion
(tennis ball)
-all wrist muscles are under equal tension
What is main rule for fracture bracing?
break the fracture into 3rds, if its mid fracture you do not need to contain
another joint. if it is a proximal or distal fracture you need to contain the
joint that the fracture is closest to
What is impacted with a C1-C3 spinal cord injury?
-limited movement of head and neck
-paralysis in arms, hands, neck, trunk, and legs
-breathing, coughing, control of bladder/bowel may be impacted
-speech may be impacted
What is the orthotic treatment for C1-C3 spinal cord injury?
END OF
PAGE
2
, ORTHOTIC WRITTEN LATEST
SIMULATION EXAM
-powered specialized wheelchair
-ADL total assist
What is impacted with a C4 spinal cord injury?
-usually has head and neck control
-may shrug their shoulders
-hand, trunk and leg paralysis
What is the impact of a C5 spinal cord injury?
-typically has head and neck control. can shrug shoulders and has
shoulder control
-elbow flexion is possible and can turn palms face down
-hand, trunk and leg paralysis
What is the impact of a C6 spinal cord injury?
-has movement of head, neck, shoulders, arms and wrist. can shrug
shoulders, bend elbows, turn palms up and down, and extend wrists
-hand, trunk and leg paralysis
What is the orthotic recommendation for a C6 spinal cord injury?
utilize natural tenodesis
What is the impact of a C7 spinal cord injury?
-has movement of head, neck, shoulders, arms and wrist. can shrug
shoulders, bend elbows and straighten them, turn palms up and down,
and extend wrists
END OF
PAGE
3
SIMULATION EXAM
In a double action joint, what does a spring in the posterior channel
create?
plantarflexion resist/dorsiflexion assist
When would you use free anterior and posterior channels?
ML instability, no sagittal plane concerns
When would you use free anterior and pin posterior?
knee hyperextension
When would you use free anterior and spring posterior?
foot drop which could be managed with dorsiflexion assist joints
When would you use pin anterior and spring posterior?
tendency toward sudden knee flexion with dorsiflexion weakness
When would you use pin anterior and free posterior?
excessive knee flexion/tendency toward buckling
What are the upright clearances for a KAFO?
-skin 3 mm
-ankle: medial 6mm, lateral 5mm
-knee: medial 6mm, lateral 3mm
How do you determine band length for a conventional KAFO?
=1/2(circumference) + 1 1/2"
END OF
PAGE
1
,ORTHOTIC WRITTEN LATEST
SIMULATION EXAM
How do you determine the stirrup length of a conventional KAFO?
= 2 x (height of distal tip of medial malleoli) + width of heel + 6mm
What is a functional hand position?
20 degrees of wrist extension, 10 degrees ulnar deviation
34 degrees MCP flexion, 30 degrees PIP flexion, slight DIP flexion
(tennis ball)
-all wrist muscles are under equal tension
What is main rule for fracture bracing?
break the fracture into 3rds, if its mid fracture you do not need to contain
another joint. if it is a proximal or distal fracture you need to contain the
joint that the fracture is closest to
What is impacted with a C1-C3 spinal cord injury?
-limited movement of head and neck
-paralysis in arms, hands, neck, trunk, and legs
-breathing, coughing, control of bladder/bowel may be impacted
-speech may be impacted
What is the orthotic treatment for C1-C3 spinal cord injury?
END OF
PAGE
2
, ORTHOTIC WRITTEN LATEST
SIMULATION EXAM
-powered specialized wheelchair
-ADL total assist
What is impacted with a C4 spinal cord injury?
-usually has head and neck control
-may shrug their shoulders
-hand, trunk and leg paralysis
What is the impact of a C5 spinal cord injury?
-typically has head and neck control. can shrug shoulders and has
shoulder control
-elbow flexion is possible and can turn palms face down
-hand, trunk and leg paralysis
What is the impact of a C6 spinal cord injury?
-has movement of head, neck, shoulders, arms and wrist. can shrug
shoulders, bend elbows, turn palms up and down, and extend wrists
-hand, trunk and leg paralysis
What is the orthotic recommendation for a C6 spinal cord injury?
utilize natural tenodesis
What is the impact of a C7 spinal cord injury?
-has movement of head, neck, shoulders, arms and wrist. can shrug
shoulders, bend elbows and straighten them, turn palms up and down,
and extend wrists
END OF
PAGE
3
