NUR 213 Pharmacology Final Exam
Questions And 100% Correct Answers
2025\2026 Edition.
Anticonvulsants - Answer *Monitor for depression and/or suicidal ideations
*Periodic therapeutic blood levels
prevent or control seizures
Carbamazepine - Answer Management of seizures, maintenance treatment of bipolar disorder
& trigeminal neuralgia
Carbamazepine S/E - Answer Myelosuppression, bone marrow suppression; leukopenia,
dizziness, ataxia, diplopia, photosensitivity, depression, n/v, tremors, jaundice, edema, aplastic
anemia, hyponatremia, Stevens-Johnson syndrome, suicidal thoughts
Carbamazepine Nursing considerations - Answer ● BUN prior to initiating therapy
● Monitor liver function (may cause increase in liver enzymes)
● Monitor CBC levels
○ Teach client to report any unusual bleeding/easy bruising due to risk of bone marrow
suppression
○ Monitor platelets periodically
● Observe for signs of excessive sedation
● May cause urine to turn brown to pink
● Avoid abrupt withdrawal
● Do not mix with grapefruit juice
● Avoid use with alcohol
● Encourage pt to have routine eye exams
Phenobarbital - Answer Long-term management of seizures, management of febrile seizures,
therapeutic sedation, treatment of alcohol withdrawal
Phenobarbital S/E - Answer Drowsiness, confusion, rash, GI upset, respiratory depression,
paradoxical CNS reactions (hyperactivity, restlessness) ataxia, nightmares, insomnia, dizziness,
,● May decrease effects of oral contraceptives and warfarin
● Educate patient not to abruptly stop/taking the medication as ordered
○ May cause seizures & death
● Vitamin D supplements are indicated for long term use
● Give IV very SLOWLY & have resuscitation equipment available
○ Fast administration may cause severe hypotension and respiratory depression
Gabapentin - Answer Management of seizures, neuropathic pain, & primary restless leg
syndrome
Gabapentin S/E - Answer CNS depression, drowsiness, ataxia, nystagmus, diplopia,
constipation, memory problems, increased risk for SI/behavior, peripheral edema, possible
weight gain, diarrhea
Gabapentin Nursing considerations - Answer ● Do not take within 2 hours of antacid use -
>decrease absorption
● Avoid abrupt withdrawal -> may increase seizure frequency
● Do not crush or chew ER tablets
● Give without regard to meals -> unless GI upset
● Monitor for hypersensitivity reaction such as angioedema
● Monitor WBC and glucose
● Avoid activity that requires alertness
Phenytoin (Dilantin) - Answer Management of tonic-clonic seizures
Phenytoin (Dilantin) S/E - Answer CNS depressing effects, nystagmus, hypertrichosis, slurred
speech, gingival hyperplasia, blood dyscrasias, osteomalacia, lymphadenopathy
Phenytoin Nursing considerations - Answer ● Monitor therapeutic levels (toxicity)
● Monitor CBC and LFT
● Monitor ECG for arrhythmias
● Teach gum/teeth care
○ Dental appointments regularly
, ○ Avoid use of alcohol
● Separate PO from tube feedings and calcium-containing antacids by 2 hours -> can decrease
absorption
● Dilute with 0.9% NaCl for IV administration
○ Can be painful due to chemical irritation to the vein
Promethazine - Answer Management of motion sickness as antiemetic, rhinitis, allergy
symptoms as antihistamine, pre and post op sedation
Promethazine S/E - Answer →S/E: Drowsiness, dizziness, dry mouth, nose and throat, urinary
retention, thickened bronchial secretions, wheezing, hypotension, neuroleptic malignant
syndrome, EPS symptoms (dystonia)
Promethazine nursing considerations - Answer ● Avoid activities requiring alertness
● Assess hydration status and level of consciousness
● Sugarless gum and water may relieve dry mouth
● Avoid prolonged exposure to sunlight
● May cause severe damage to tissue when given IV
○ Monitor for injection site burning, pain, phlebitis, or blistering
○ Risk reduced by diluting with 0.9% NaCl
○ Administer slowly using large vein
○ Give deep intramuscular as PREFERRED route
Terbutaline Sulfate - Answer utilized to stop preterm labor and prevent bronchospasms
Terbutaline Sulfate S/E - Answer nervousness, restlessness, tremor, headache, hypokalemia,
hyperglycemia, paradoxical bronchospasms
Terbutaline Sulfate Nursing considerations - Answer •Take with food to prevent GI upset
Magnesium sulfate - Answer prophylaxis of seizures that occur with preeclampsia; treatment
of eclampsia, acute nephritis in children, & hypomagnesemia
Questions And 100% Correct Answers
2025\2026 Edition.
Anticonvulsants - Answer *Monitor for depression and/or suicidal ideations
*Periodic therapeutic blood levels
prevent or control seizures
Carbamazepine - Answer Management of seizures, maintenance treatment of bipolar disorder
& trigeminal neuralgia
Carbamazepine S/E - Answer Myelosuppression, bone marrow suppression; leukopenia,
dizziness, ataxia, diplopia, photosensitivity, depression, n/v, tremors, jaundice, edema, aplastic
anemia, hyponatremia, Stevens-Johnson syndrome, suicidal thoughts
Carbamazepine Nursing considerations - Answer ● BUN prior to initiating therapy
● Monitor liver function (may cause increase in liver enzymes)
● Monitor CBC levels
○ Teach client to report any unusual bleeding/easy bruising due to risk of bone marrow
suppression
○ Monitor platelets periodically
● Observe for signs of excessive sedation
● May cause urine to turn brown to pink
● Avoid abrupt withdrawal
● Do not mix with grapefruit juice
● Avoid use with alcohol
● Encourage pt to have routine eye exams
Phenobarbital - Answer Long-term management of seizures, management of febrile seizures,
therapeutic sedation, treatment of alcohol withdrawal
Phenobarbital S/E - Answer Drowsiness, confusion, rash, GI upset, respiratory depression,
paradoxical CNS reactions (hyperactivity, restlessness) ataxia, nightmares, insomnia, dizziness,
,● May decrease effects of oral contraceptives and warfarin
● Educate patient not to abruptly stop/taking the medication as ordered
○ May cause seizures & death
● Vitamin D supplements are indicated for long term use
● Give IV very SLOWLY & have resuscitation equipment available
○ Fast administration may cause severe hypotension and respiratory depression
Gabapentin - Answer Management of seizures, neuropathic pain, & primary restless leg
syndrome
Gabapentin S/E - Answer CNS depression, drowsiness, ataxia, nystagmus, diplopia,
constipation, memory problems, increased risk for SI/behavior, peripheral edema, possible
weight gain, diarrhea
Gabapentin Nursing considerations - Answer ● Do not take within 2 hours of antacid use -
>decrease absorption
● Avoid abrupt withdrawal -> may increase seizure frequency
● Do not crush or chew ER tablets
● Give without regard to meals -> unless GI upset
● Monitor for hypersensitivity reaction such as angioedema
● Monitor WBC and glucose
● Avoid activity that requires alertness
Phenytoin (Dilantin) - Answer Management of tonic-clonic seizures
Phenytoin (Dilantin) S/E - Answer CNS depressing effects, nystagmus, hypertrichosis, slurred
speech, gingival hyperplasia, blood dyscrasias, osteomalacia, lymphadenopathy
Phenytoin Nursing considerations - Answer ● Monitor therapeutic levels (toxicity)
● Monitor CBC and LFT
● Monitor ECG for arrhythmias
● Teach gum/teeth care
○ Dental appointments regularly
, ○ Avoid use of alcohol
● Separate PO from tube feedings and calcium-containing antacids by 2 hours -> can decrease
absorption
● Dilute with 0.9% NaCl for IV administration
○ Can be painful due to chemical irritation to the vein
Promethazine - Answer Management of motion sickness as antiemetic, rhinitis, allergy
symptoms as antihistamine, pre and post op sedation
Promethazine S/E - Answer →S/E: Drowsiness, dizziness, dry mouth, nose and throat, urinary
retention, thickened bronchial secretions, wheezing, hypotension, neuroleptic malignant
syndrome, EPS symptoms (dystonia)
Promethazine nursing considerations - Answer ● Avoid activities requiring alertness
● Assess hydration status and level of consciousness
● Sugarless gum and water may relieve dry mouth
● Avoid prolonged exposure to sunlight
● May cause severe damage to tissue when given IV
○ Monitor for injection site burning, pain, phlebitis, or blistering
○ Risk reduced by diluting with 0.9% NaCl
○ Administer slowly using large vein
○ Give deep intramuscular as PREFERRED route
Terbutaline Sulfate - Answer utilized to stop preterm labor and prevent bronchospasms
Terbutaline Sulfate S/E - Answer nervousness, restlessness, tremor, headache, hypokalemia,
hyperglycemia, paradoxical bronchospasms
Terbutaline Sulfate Nursing considerations - Answer •Take with food to prevent GI upset
Magnesium sulfate - Answer prophylaxis of seizures that occur with preeclampsia; treatment
of eclampsia, acute nephritis in children, & hypomagnesemia
