9/7/25, 7:49 PM NRS 230 Antibiotics
NRS 230 Antibiotics TEST BANK EXAM QUESTIONS WITH
VERIFIED AND 100 % ANSWERS (DETAILED AND
ELABORATED) A+ GRADED LATEST UPDATE 2025-2026
What antibiotics cause a cephalosporins and metronidazole
disulfiram response?
define selective toxicity selectively finding and destroying pathogens without damaging
the host
disruption of bacterial cell wall (human cells do not
describe the 3 ways in
have cell walls), inhibition of enzymes unique to
which selective toxicity is
bacteria, disruption of protein synthesis in microbes
achieved
(mammalian ribosomes are different from bacterial).
How do penicillins and By weakening the cell wall and promoting lysis and death
cephalosporins work?
How do sulfonamides work? inhibit folic acid synthesis
Lethal inhibition of protein synthesis. This is the only
How do aminoglycosides
work? group that causes lethal inhibition of protein
synthesis
cidal: kills
bacteriocidal vs bacteriostatic
bacteria static:
inhibits growth
what are the 4 mechanisms decrease concentration of drug at site of action, alter
by which microbes reduce structure of the drugs target molecules, produce a
effects of antibiotics drug antagonist, and cause drug inactivation.
How does spontaneous spontaneous mutation creates resistance to one drug,
mutation and conjugation whereas conjugation can create resistance to
differ in the context of multiple.
resistance?
Are antibiotics mutagenic? No because the resistance that is developed occurs
Why or why not? independently of the presence of antibiotics
(spontaneous mutation and conjugation.
Which is better, broad or Narrow
narrow spectrum
antibiotics?
1/7
, 9/7/25, 7:49 PM NRS 230 Antibiotics
Minimum inhibitory concentration: smallest
What is MIC?
concentration of drug that visibly inhibits growth
Which drug most commonly penicillin
has an allergic reaction?
Sulfonamides should not be infants
used in
tetracyclines causes what in teeth discoloration
children
Why are combinations of When there is a mixed infection (multiple infectious
antibiotics sometimes organisms), to prevent resistance (TB), decrease toxicity
used? to patient, and to enhance antibacterial action
VRE are present where? in the small intestine
Any of a group of enzymes produced by bacteria that
Define Beta-lactamase
catalyze the chemical opening of the crucial beta-
lactam ring structures in beta-lactam antibiotics
Define CDAD c.diff associated disease / diarrhea
When is a person at an when taking antibiotics
increased risk of
developing CDAD?
Define pseudomembranous inflammation of the large intestines lining, often with taking
colitis antibiotics
entero refers to small intestine
Pencillins can be grouped Cephalosporins and Carbapenems can be grouped with...
with...
Aminoglycosides can be Glycopeptides. Both have narrow therapeutic index
grouped with what
other antibiotic group?
vancomycin belongs to what glycopeptides
class
which classes of antibiotics aminoglycosides and glycopeptides (vancomycin)
are poorly absorbed in the
GI tract
Why would we give oral Because they are not well absorbed in the GI tract so they
vancomycin or will stay in the GI tract and fight the bacteria rather
aminoglycosides to than be absorbed.
someone who has c.diff or
a GI infection
Tetracycline should not be pregnant people of children under the age of 8. Also to someone
2/7
NRS 230 Antibiotics TEST BANK EXAM QUESTIONS WITH
VERIFIED AND 100 % ANSWERS (DETAILED AND
ELABORATED) A+ GRADED LATEST UPDATE 2025-2026
What antibiotics cause a cephalosporins and metronidazole
disulfiram response?
define selective toxicity selectively finding and destroying pathogens without damaging
the host
disruption of bacterial cell wall (human cells do not
describe the 3 ways in
have cell walls), inhibition of enzymes unique to
which selective toxicity is
bacteria, disruption of protein synthesis in microbes
achieved
(mammalian ribosomes are different from bacterial).
How do penicillins and By weakening the cell wall and promoting lysis and death
cephalosporins work?
How do sulfonamides work? inhibit folic acid synthesis
Lethal inhibition of protein synthesis. This is the only
How do aminoglycosides
work? group that causes lethal inhibition of protein
synthesis
cidal: kills
bacteriocidal vs bacteriostatic
bacteria static:
inhibits growth
what are the 4 mechanisms decrease concentration of drug at site of action, alter
by which microbes reduce structure of the drugs target molecules, produce a
effects of antibiotics drug antagonist, and cause drug inactivation.
How does spontaneous spontaneous mutation creates resistance to one drug,
mutation and conjugation whereas conjugation can create resistance to
differ in the context of multiple.
resistance?
Are antibiotics mutagenic? No because the resistance that is developed occurs
Why or why not? independently of the presence of antibiotics
(spontaneous mutation and conjugation.
Which is better, broad or Narrow
narrow spectrum
antibiotics?
1/7
, 9/7/25, 7:49 PM NRS 230 Antibiotics
Minimum inhibitory concentration: smallest
What is MIC?
concentration of drug that visibly inhibits growth
Which drug most commonly penicillin
has an allergic reaction?
Sulfonamides should not be infants
used in
tetracyclines causes what in teeth discoloration
children
Why are combinations of When there is a mixed infection (multiple infectious
antibiotics sometimes organisms), to prevent resistance (TB), decrease toxicity
used? to patient, and to enhance antibacterial action
VRE are present where? in the small intestine
Any of a group of enzymes produced by bacteria that
Define Beta-lactamase
catalyze the chemical opening of the crucial beta-
lactam ring structures in beta-lactam antibiotics
Define CDAD c.diff associated disease / diarrhea
When is a person at an when taking antibiotics
increased risk of
developing CDAD?
Define pseudomembranous inflammation of the large intestines lining, often with taking
colitis antibiotics
entero refers to small intestine
Pencillins can be grouped Cephalosporins and Carbapenems can be grouped with...
with...
Aminoglycosides can be Glycopeptides. Both have narrow therapeutic index
grouped with what
other antibiotic group?
vancomycin belongs to what glycopeptides
class
which classes of antibiotics aminoglycosides and glycopeptides (vancomycin)
are poorly absorbed in the
GI tract
Why would we give oral Because they are not well absorbed in the GI tract so they
vancomycin or will stay in the GI tract and fight the bacteria rather
aminoglycosides to than be absorbed.
someone who has c.diff or
a GI infection
Tetracycline should not be pregnant people of children under the age of 8. Also to someone
2/7
