MGY377 Midterm 1 (Lec 1-10) Exam Questions And
Answers A+ Graded
Lec 1: John Snow: what did he do - ANSWER Epidemiologist who discovered linkage
between dirty water pump and cholera in London
Lec 1: Communicable disease - ANSWER Capable of passing to another person via
microbe
Lec 1: Non Communicable disease - ANSWER Incapable of spreading between people
Lec 1: How do microbes affect our environment/atmosphere - ANSWER Great
Oxygenation Event
Lec 1: How microbes affect geology - ANSWER Production of different colored minerals
Lec 1: How is MSG produced - ANSWER Using C. glutamicum
Lec 1: Siege of Caffa: why important? - ANSWER First example of biological warfare
using bubonic plague
Lec 1: Where does bubonic plague still exist? - ANSWER Prarie dogs
Lec 1: In the 1900s, what were the leading causes of death? - ANSWER Infectious
diseases
Lec 1: Before 1950s, what caused increase in lifespan - ANSWER Penicillin Discovery,
chlorine in drinking water, toilets to remove waste
Lec 1: After 1950s, what caused increase in lifespan - ANSWER Health awareness and
progression, eg. Anti Smoking Campaigns, improved technology, etc.
Lec 1: Leading cause of death in developed countries 2004 - ANSWER Non
Communicable Diseases (9/10)
Lec 1: Leading cause of death in underdeveloped countries 2004 - ANSWER Infectious
diseases (6/10)
Lec 1: Sterile zones of your body - ANSWER Blood, bone, muscle, bladder
Lec 1: Non sterile zones of your body - ANSWER Mouth, stomach, small intestine, *large
intestine*, skin
Lec 1: What was The Great Oxygenation Event - ANSWER Bacteria acquired the ability
to do oxygenic photosynthesis, leading to production of O2 and death of many obligate
anaerobes
,Lec 2: Antoine van Leeuwenhoek: what did he do - ANSWER First person to see
microbes with microscope, made first rudimentary microscope
Lec 2: Edward Jenner: what did he do - ANSWER Developed first vaccine, for smallpox.
Discovered link between cowpox and smallpox
Lec 2: Ignaz Semmelweis: what did he do - ANSWER Pioneer of antiseptic procedures,
noticed trend between doctors conducting autopsies and mothers death; ridiculed for
his suggestions
Lec 2: Agostino Bassi: what did he do - ANSWER Discovered link between muscardine
and silkworms infection pattern. NOT spontaneous generation, isolated worms not
infected
Lec 2: Robert Koch: what did he do - ANSWER Discovered anthrax, cholera and TB.
Developed modern methods in lab. Several Postulates showing microbe causes
diseases
Lec 2: What are Koch's Postulates - ANSWER 1. Microbe must be found only in infected
individuals
2. Microbe must be successfully isolated and grown from infected individual
3. Cultured microbe must cause disease in healthy individual
4. Same microbe must be recultured from newly infected individual
Lec 2: Caveats of Koch's Postulates - ANSWER Some people will exhibit no symptoms
for a microbe
Microbe not always easily cultured
Lec 2: Louis Pasteur: What did he do - ANSWER Disproved spontaneous generation,
founded pasteurisation, developed vaccines, discovered many vaccines
Lec 2: Joseph Lister: What did he do - ANSWER Pioneered antiseptic surgery:
recommended sterile instruments
Developed use of phenol to clean instruments
National Hero, obtained baron position
Lec 2: Ernst Haekel: What did he do - ANSWER Primitive tree of life, didn't account for
, large microbial diversity
Lec 2: Hug and Banfield: What did they do - ANSWER Expanded tree of life, most of it
comes from microbes
Lec 2: Bacteria and viruses, metabolism difference - ANSWER Bacteria active with
waste products, viruses are not living
Lec 2: Bacteria and viruses, reproduction differences - ANSWER Binary fission vs
obligate intracellular parasites
Lec 2: Bacteria and viruses, differentiation - ANSWER Can be different vs all clones
Lec 2: Bacteria and viruses, communication - ANSWER Chemokines and signals vs no
signalling capacity
Lec 2: Bacteria and viruses, Motility - ANSWER Flagella vs not motile
Lec 2: Bacteria and viruses, environment response - ANSWER Can sense and change
gene expression vs no response
Lec 2: Bacteria and viruses, evolution - ANSWER Possible for both
Lec 2: Define taxonomy - ANSWER Science of biological classification
Lec 2: Define classification - ANSWER Arranging into groups
Lec 2: Define nomenclature - ANSWER Assigning names
Lec 2: Define identification - ANSWER To which taxon any isolate belongs
Lec 2: Define phylogeny - ANSWER Classification based on evolutionary relationships
Lec 2: Taxonomic Ranks - ANSWER Kingdom Phylum Class Order Family Genus Species
Staph aureus, Gram positive or negative coccus or rod - ANSWER Gram positive coccus
Streptococcus, Gram positive or negative coccus or rod - ANSWER Gram positive
coccus
Answers A+ Graded
Lec 1: John Snow: what did he do - ANSWER Epidemiologist who discovered linkage
between dirty water pump and cholera in London
Lec 1: Communicable disease - ANSWER Capable of passing to another person via
microbe
Lec 1: Non Communicable disease - ANSWER Incapable of spreading between people
Lec 1: How do microbes affect our environment/atmosphere - ANSWER Great
Oxygenation Event
Lec 1: How microbes affect geology - ANSWER Production of different colored minerals
Lec 1: How is MSG produced - ANSWER Using C. glutamicum
Lec 1: Siege of Caffa: why important? - ANSWER First example of biological warfare
using bubonic plague
Lec 1: Where does bubonic plague still exist? - ANSWER Prarie dogs
Lec 1: In the 1900s, what were the leading causes of death? - ANSWER Infectious
diseases
Lec 1: Before 1950s, what caused increase in lifespan - ANSWER Penicillin Discovery,
chlorine in drinking water, toilets to remove waste
Lec 1: After 1950s, what caused increase in lifespan - ANSWER Health awareness and
progression, eg. Anti Smoking Campaigns, improved technology, etc.
Lec 1: Leading cause of death in developed countries 2004 - ANSWER Non
Communicable Diseases (9/10)
Lec 1: Leading cause of death in underdeveloped countries 2004 - ANSWER Infectious
diseases (6/10)
Lec 1: Sterile zones of your body - ANSWER Blood, bone, muscle, bladder
Lec 1: Non sterile zones of your body - ANSWER Mouth, stomach, small intestine, *large
intestine*, skin
Lec 1: What was The Great Oxygenation Event - ANSWER Bacteria acquired the ability
to do oxygenic photosynthesis, leading to production of O2 and death of many obligate
anaerobes
,Lec 2: Antoine van Leeuwenhoek: what did he do - ANSWER First person to see
microbes with microscope, made first rudimentary microscope
Lec 2: Edward Jenner: what did he do - ANSWER Developed first vaccine, for smallpox.
Discovered link between cowpox and smallpox
Lec 2: Ignaz Semmelweis: what did he do - ANSWER Pioneer of antiseptic procedures,
noticed trend between doctors conducting autopsies and mothers death; ridiculed for
his suggestions
Lec 2: Agostino Bassi: what did he do - ANSWER Discovered link between muscardine
and silkworms infection pattern. NOT spontaneous generation, isolated worms not
infected
Lec 2: Robert Koch: what did he do - ANSWER Discovered anthrax, cholera and TB.
Developed modern methods in lab. Several Postulates showing microbe causes
diseases
Lec 2: What are Koch's Postulates - ANSWER 1. Microbe must be found only in infected
individuals
2. Microbe must be successfully isolated and grown from infected individual
3. Cultured microbe must cause disease in healthy individual
4. Same microbe must be recultured from newly infected individual
Lec 2: Caveats of Koch's Postulates - ANSWER Some people will exhibit no symptoms
for a microbe
Microbe not always easily cultured
Lec 2: Louis Pasteur: What did he do - ANSWER Disproved spontaneous generation,
founded pasteurisation, developed vaccines, discovered many vaccines
Lec 2: Joseph Lister: What did he do - ANSWER Pioneered antiseptic surgery:
recommended sterile instruments
Developed use of phenol to clean instruments
National Hero, obtained baron position
Lec 2: Ernst Haekel: What did he do - ANSWER Primitive tree of life, didn't account for
, large microbial diversity
Lec 2: Hug and Banfield: What did they do - ANSWER Expanded tree of life, most of it
comes from microbes
Lec 2: Bacteria and viruses, metabolism difference - ANSWER Bacteria active with
waste products, viruses are not living
Lec 2: Bacteria and viruses, reproduction differences - ANSWER Binary fission vs
obligate intracellular parasites
Lec 2: Bacteria and viruses, differentiation - ANSWER Can be different vs all clones
Lec 2: Bacteria and viruses, communication - ANSWER Chemokines and signals vs no
signalling capacity
Lec 2: Bacteria and viruses, Motility - ANSWER Flagella vs not motile
Lec 2: Bacteria and viruses, environment response - ANSWER Can sense and change
gene expression vs no response
Lec 2: Bacteria and viruses, evolution - ANSWER Possible for both
Lec 2: Define taxonomy - ANSWER Science of biological classification
Lec 2: Define classification - ANSWER Arranging into groups
Lec 2: Define nomenclature - ANSWER Assigning names
Lec 2: Define identification - ANSWER To which taxon any isolate belongs
Lec 2: Define phylogeny - ANSWER Classification based on evolutionary relationships
Lec 2: Taxonomic Ranks - ANSWER Kingdom Phylum Class Order Family Genus Species
Staph aureus, Gram positive or negative coccus or rod - ANSWER Gram positive coccus
Streptococcus, Gram positive or negative coccus or rod - ANSWER Gram positive
coccus
